Rhodium- Rh

By Allison Tyler

Mr. Champion

Smoky Hill High School

Chemistry Depeartment

-The 45th element on the periodic table

Atomic Number	45	Number of Protons
Atomic Mass	102.90	Protons plus Neutrons
Protons	45	Positively charged particles
Electrons	45 (in an atom)	Negatively charged particles
Neutrons	58	Neutral particles
Valence Electrons	5	Electrons in the last shell
Density	12.41 g/cm3	The amount of mass per unit of volume
Melting Point	1963 degrees Celcius	Temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
Boiling Point	3697 degrees Celcius	Temperature at which vapor pressure is equal to external pressure
Oxidation States	+2, +3, +4	The number of electrons required to complete the shell
Lewis Structure		A diagram showing the valence electrons in an atom
Electron Configuration	[Kr] 4d8 5s1	A diagram that shows the electron distribution of an atom
Isotopes and Decay Seriea	See below table	A Chain of Radioisotopes inwhich radioactive decay leads from a heavy element with a long half-life to a final product which is a stable isotope
Ionization energy	719.8 kJ/mol	The energy required to remove one electron from the outer shell
Electronegativity	2.280000	Measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons
Atomic radius	1.83	How close an atom will approach another atom under specific conditions
Ionic Radius	0.680000	The closest distance between the nucleus of an atom and the outer shell

This image of idividual Rhodium atoms was produced by P.D. Nellist and Penny Cook using a 300 kilovolt scanning transmission electron microscope

Isotope	Mass	Half Life	Mode of Decay
99Rh	98.90820	16 days	EC to 99Ru
100Rh	99.90812	20.8 hours	EC to 100Ru
101Rh	100.90616	3.3 years	EC to 101Ru
102Rh	102.906842	2.9 years	EC to 102Ru, ß- to 102Pd
103Rh		stable
104Rh	103.906655	42.3 seconds	EC to104Ru, ß- to 104Pd
105Rh	104.905692	35.4 hours	ß- to 105Pd
106Rh		29.9 seconds

Crystalline structure of Rhodium. From University of Sheffield in England

Crystal stucture is cubic

-Transition metal, rare, silver-white metallic element. Serves as catalyst in chemical reactions. (Speeds up reactions)

-Is catalyst in the production of nitric acid, organic compounds, and medicinal drugs

-Its alloys are used in aircraft turbine engines, electric connections, reflective surfaces of mirrors and searchlights.

-Occurs in Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Russia, South Africe, Sri Lanka

-Isolated in 1803 by William H. Wollastomin

My Links and Sources

Mr. Champion's Home Page

Smoky Hill's Main Page

University of Sheffield

Exlploratory Chemistry

UC Davis

Micronmetals

Cyber Chemistry

Chemlab

Boone.net

My friend Kate's Chemistry page for Chlorine