Quettaparma Quenyanna
Version 1.3.
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SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED: + = poetic or archaic
word
(e.g. +él "star", elen being the ordinary word) or a
poetic or archaic meaning of an ordinary word (e.g. russë
"corruscation, +swordblade"), * = unattested form, ** = wrong form, # = word
that is only attested in a compound or in an inflected form (e.g. #apa,
#Apanóna; see AFTER below), TLT = Tolkien's lifetime (by some
called "Real Time", as opposed to:) MET = Middle-Earth Time (or rather Arda
Time, since Quenya originated in the Blessed Realm), LotR = The Lord of the
Rings (HarperCollinsPublishers, one-volume edition of 1991), Silm =
The Silmarillion (HarperCollinsPublishers 1994), MC = The
Monsters and the Critics and other Essays, MR = Morgoth's Ring, LR =
The Lost Road, Etym = The Etymologies (in LR:347-400), FS
= Fíriel's Song (in LR:72), RGEO = The Road Goes Ever On
(Second Edition), WJ = The War of the Jewels, PM = The Peoples of
Middle-earth, Letters = The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, LT1 =
The Book of Lost Tales 1, LT2 = The Book of Lost Tales
2, Nam = Namárië (in LotR:398), Arct =
"Arctic" sentence (in The Father Christmas Letters), GL =
Gnomish Lexicon (in Parma Eldalamberon #11 - references are
selective), vb = verb, adj = adjective, interj = interjection, pa.t. = past
tense, fut = future tense, perf = perfect tense, freq = frequentative form, inf
= infinitive, gen = genitive, pl = plural form, sg = singular form. The
spelling used in this wordlist is regularized (c for k except in
a few names, x for ks, long vowels marked with accents rather
than macrons or circumflexes; the diaeresis is used as in LotR). When
s in a word represents earlier þ (th as
in "thing")
and it should be spelt with the letter súlë instead of
silmë in Tengwar writing (though Tolkien himself sometimes ignored
or forgot this), this is indicated by (þ) immediately following the word
in question (e.g. sanda (þ), sanya- (þ); see ABIDE,
ABIDING below).
A, AN (indefinite article) - no Quenya equivalent.
Elen "star" may thus also be translated "a star" (LotR:94). The absence
of the definite article i "the" usually indicates that the noun is
indefinite (though there are exceptions - see THE). ABANDON hehta- (pa.t. hehtanë is given but seems
perfectly regular) (put aside, leave out, exclude, forsake)
-WJ:365 ABHOR feuya-; THE ABHORRED Sauron (þ)
-PHEW, Silm:418 ABIDE mar- (be settled of fixed) (fut. #maruva is
attested: maruvan "I will abide"); ABIDE BY himya-
(cleave to, stick to); ABIDING sanda (þ) (firm,
true); LAW-ABIDING sanya (þ) (regular, normal)
-UT:317/LotR:1003, KHIM, STAN ABUNDANCE úvë; ABUNDANT
úvëa (in a very great number), alya (rich, blessed,
prosperous) -UB, GALA ABYSS undumë -MC:222 cf. 215 ACCOUNT (noun) quentalë (history), lúmequenta
(chronological account, history) -KWET, LU ACROSS arta (athwart) (Note: arta also means "fort,
fortress") -LT2:335 ACTOR tyaro (agent, doer) -KYAR ACTUAL anwa (real, true) -ANA ACUTE tereva (fine, piercing); ACUTE, ACUTENESS laicë
(keen, sharp, *piercing) (Laicë prob. obsoletes laica
in LT2:337) -TER, LAIK ADHERING himba (sticking) -KHIM ADMIRAL ciryatur (only attested as the personal name
Ciryatur of an admiral, but the word means *"ship-ruler") -UT:239 ADULT (adj) vëa (manly, vigorous); ADULT MAN
vëaner; ADULT MALE nér (pl neri) (man)
-WEG, DER ADÛNAKHOR Herunúmen -UT:222, Silm:322 AEGNOR Aicanáro (so in Silm:435 and PM:345; MR:323
has Aicanár) (Sharp Flame, Fell Fire) AFTER #apa (only attested in compounds like Apanónar,
see below), #ep- (used in compounds when the second part of the
compound begins with a vowel, only attested in epessë "after-name"
- see NICKNAME.) THE AFTER-BORN Apanónar
(sg #Apanóna) (i.e., an Elvish name of Men, according to
WJ:387 "a word of lore, not used in daily speech")
-Silm:122/WJ:387, UT:266 AGAIN ata; AGAIN (prefix) en-, (prefix)
at-, ata- (back-, re-) (AT[AT]) AGE randa (cycle) -RAD AGENT tyaro (actor, doer) -KAR AGILE tyelca (swift) -KYELEK AGO yá -YA<
DD> AGONY qualmë (death), unqualë (death)
-KWAL AH (interj.) ai (alas) Ai! laurië lantar lassi Ah!
golden fall the leaves (Nam) AIR vista (= air as substance); lindë (tune, song,
singing); vilya older [MET] wilya (sky); vilma
(lower air) (perhaps changed to vista, but vilma was not
struck out in Etym); PUFF OF AIR hwesta (breeze,
breath); UPPER AIRS AND CLOUDS fanyarë (skies), AIRY
vilin (breezy) -WIS, LIN, WIL/LT1:273, SWES/LotR:1157, MC:223,
LT1:273 ALAS (interj.) ai (ah) (Etym also gives a word
nai, but this clashes with nai "be it that" in
Namárië.) -Nam/RGEO:66, NAY ALIVE cuina; BEING ALIVE (noun not adj) cuilë
(life) (LT1:257 gives coina, coirëa.)
-KUY ALL ilya (the whole) (Note: ilya becomes ilyë
before a plural noun: ilyë tier "all paths");
ALLNESS, THE ALL ilúvë
(the whole), ALL THAT IS WANTED fárë (plenitude,
sufficiency) -IL, Nam cf. RGEO:67, Silm:433/WJ:402, PHAR ALLOW lav- (yield, grant); NOT ALLOW TO CONTINUE nuhta-
(stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short) -DAB,
WJ:413 ALONE er (one, alone, only, but, still), eressë
(singly, only, also as noun: solitude) -ERE, LT1:269 ALPHABET tengwanda -TEK ALTOGETHER aqua (fully, completely, wholly) -WJ:392 *AMANIAN (only translated "of Aman"
by Tolkien) amanya.
Cf. also Úmanyar, Úamanyar, Alamanyar "those
not of Aman" (the Elves who started on the march from Cuiviénen but
did not reach Aman; contrast the Avamanyar, another name of the
Avari.) -WJ:411, 373, 370, MR:163 AMLOTH *Ambalotsë (Tolkien asterisked the word because
it was not attested, only a possible Quenya form of Amloth. See
"UPRISING-FLOWER".) -WJ:318 AMRAS Telufinwë (meaning "Last Finwë", not the
equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name. The short form of his name was
Telvo *"Last One". His mother-name [q.v.] was Ambarussa, but this
name was not used in narrative.) -PM:353 AMROD Pityafinwë (meaning "Little Finwë", not the
equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name. The short form of his name was
Pityo *"Little One". His mother-name [q.v.] was Ambarto, or
Umbarto, but these names were not used in narrative.) -PM:353 AN see A ANCIENT yára (belonging to or descending from former
times) -YA AND ar (possibly a before f [and
v?]: eldain a fírimoin "for elves and men" [FS], cf. a
valmarion "and of those of Valmar" [from "Antatye Voronwi" by C. Gilson,
Vinyar Tengwar #31 p. 10]) (In Sauron Defeated p. ii, o is translated
"and", but LotR, Silm and Etym all agree that the Quenya word for "and" is
ar.) AND YET a-nanta/ananta (but yet) -AR/Nam/FS,
NDAN ANGBAND Angamando (Iron-gaol) (so in MR:350 and Silm:428;
Etym has Angamanda) -MR:350, Silm:428, MBAD ANGELIC POWER Vala (pl. Valar or Vali, gen.
pl. Valion is attested in Fíriel's Song); ANGELIC SPIRIT
Ainu, f. Aini (holy one, god) -LotR:1157/BAL/FS, AYAN,
LT1:248 ANGELN (island in the Danish peninsula) Eriollo
-LT1:252 ANGROD Angaráto -Silm:428 ANIMAL #kelva (only pl. kelvar is attested,
translated "animals, living things that move" in Silm appendix
and WJ:341); laman (pl. lamni or lamani) ("usually
only applied to four-footed beasts, and never to reptiles and birds"); MALE
ANIMAL hanu (male) -Silm:52/53,/405:3AN, WJ:416 ANYBODY - if anybody: aiquen (whoever) -WJ:372 APRIL Víressë -LotR:1144/1146 AR-ADÛNAKHOR Tar-Herun&u
acute;men -UT:222,
Silm:322 AR-BELZAGAR Tar-Calmacil -UT:222 AR-GIMILZÔR Tar-Telemnar -UT:223 AR-INZILADÛN Tar-Palantir -UT:223,
Silm:324 AR-PHARAZÔN Tar-Calion -UT:224, Silm:324 AR-SAKALTHÔR Tar-Falassion -UT:223 AR-ZIMRAPHEL Tar-Míriel -UT:224,
Silm:324 AR-ZIMRATHÔN Tar-Hostamir -UT:222 ARCTURUS (a star) Morwinyon (said to mean "the glint
at dusk" or "glint in the dark") -LT1:260 ARE see BE ARGON Aracáno -PM:345 ARM ranco (pl ranqui) (LT2:335 gives rá
[there spelt râ], but this word is certainly obsolete: In
Etym, rá is glossed "lion".) -RAK ARMY hossë (band, troop) -LT2:340 ARNOR Arnanor, Arnanórë ("royal land")
-Letters:428 ARROW pilin (pl pilindi) -PÍLIM ART Carmë (making, production) -UT:396 ARTIFICIAL CAVE hróta (dwelling underground, rockhewn
hall) -PM:365 AS (prep) ve (like) -Nam/RGEO:66, 67 ASCENT rosta, ASCENSION orosta -LT1:267, 256 ASGARD Valinor, Valinórë (Tolkien
actually uses this gloss of Valinor, as Asgard is the City of the Gods
in Norse mythology) -LT1:272 ASIDE - stand aside! heca! - also with pronominal
affixes: sg hecat, pl hecal "you stay aside!" (be gone!) LEAVING
ASIDE hequa (not counting, excluding, except) -WJ:364, 365 *ASK #maquet- (only pa.t. maquentë is attested.
The word is not translated, but undoubtedly means "asked": 'Mana i-coimas
in-Eldaron?' maquentë Elendil [PM:403]. The question itself is
translated "What is the coimas of the Eldar?", so the rest must be
"Elendil asked". Furthermore, maquentë is transparently
quentë "said" with the interrogative element ma [PM:357]
prefixed.) ASLEEP lorna -LOS ASSEMBLE hosta- (gather, collect) -MC:223 ASSOCIATE otorno (sworn brother) osellë (þ)
(sworn sister) -TOR, THEL ASTRONOMER meneldil -Letters:386 ATHWART arta (across) (Note: arta also means "fort,
fortress"); GO ATHWART tara- (cross) -LT2:335, 347 AUGER teret (gimlet) -LT1:255 AUGUST Urimë (so in LotR; UT has
Úrimë) -LotR:1144, UT:302/470 AUTHORITY Máhan (pl Máhani is given, but seems
perfectly regular). Tolkien once stated that Valar should strictly be
translated "the Authorities" (MR:350), but Vala obviously cannot be used
to translate "authority" in general; it was used only of the Valar themselves
(WJ:404). Cf. also adj. valya "having (divine) authority or power".
Máhani was adopted from Valarin and originally probably referred
to the Valar themselves. We are not told whether Máhan could or
should be applied to a non-divine authority (at least it should not be
capitalized if so used). Note: Máhan means *"Supreme One" rather
than "authority" as an abstract. -MR:350, BAL, WJ:399/402 AUTUMN yávië (harvest - in the Calendar of
Imladris, yávië was a precisely defined period of 54 days,
but the word was also used without any exact definition), lasselanta
("leaf-fall", used of the beginning of winter or as a synonym of
quellë; see FADING. Also spelt lasse-lanta with a
hyphen), narquelion ("fire-fading" - this word from
Fíriel's Song and Etym seems to correspond to
narquelië in LotR, but the latter is the name of the
month corresponding to our October.) LT1:273 has yávan "autumn,
harvest", but this word may be obsoleted by yávië.
-LotR:1142, 1144, 1145/Silm:439/LT1:254, DAT, FS, NAR/KWAL, Letters:382 AVENUE OF TREES aldëon -LT1:249 AWAKE coiva- (so in LT1:257; read *cuiva- in mature
Quenya? Cf. the following:) AWAKENING (noun) cuivië
(obsoleting coivië in LT1:257), cuivë; AWAKENING
(adj) cuivëa -KUY/Silm:429 AWAY oa, oar (viewed from the point of view of the
thing, person, or place left). See also GO AWAY. -WJ:366 cf. 361 AWNING teltassë -GL:70 AXE pelecco -LT2:346
BABE lapsë -LAP BACK - LT2:338 mentions a Gnomish word alm, said to mean
"the broad of the back from shoulder to shoulder, back, shoulders". It is
stated that the "Qenya" cognate of this Gnomish word occurs in the name
Aikaldamor - i.e., #aldamo or #aldamor? But this is hardly
a valid word in mature Quenya. BACK- (prefix) at-, ata- (re-, again-); THOSE WHO GO
BACK Nandor (Elves that left the March from Cuiviénen)
-AT(AT), WJ:384 BACKWARDS nan- (prefix?) -MBAS BAD - Gnomish fêg is so glossed in GL:34, and this is
equated with Q faica, glossed "contemptible, mean" under
SPAY. BAKE masta- -MBAS BALE OUT calpa- (draw water, scoop out) -KALPA BALL coron -KOR BALROG Valarauko (pl. Valaraukar)
(so in the
Silmarillion - in Etym the Quenya form of Sindarin balrog is
malarauco, while LT1:250 gives Malcaraucë) -Silm:35/425/439,
RUK BAND nossë (army, troop) -LT2:340 BANK (esp. of river) ráva
-RAMBÁ BARK - Tolkien originally thought that parma "book" really
meant "skin, bark; parchment", with "book, writings" as the secondary meaning.
But in Etym parma is derived from a stem meaning "compose, put
together", obsoleting the old etymology. -LT2:346, contrast PAR BASE sundo (root, root-word) (pl. #sundar, isolated
from Tarmasundar in UT:166), talan (talam-) (floor,
ground), talma (foundation, root); BASE-STRUCTURE
sundocarmë -SUD, WJ:319, TALAM, TAL, LT:343 BATTER palpa- (beat) -PALAP BAY (small and landlocked) hópa (haven, harbour)
-KHOP BE The only forms of the verb "to be" in the published corpus are
ná "is" , nar "are", and nai "be it that"
(mistranslated "maybe" in LotR). The word ëa is variously
translated "is", "it is", "let it be". Fíriel's Song contains a word
ye "is", but ye may be obsolete in mature Quenya. For "was", some
writers have used né, pl. ("were") ner. Cf. also uin
and umin "I do not, am not" (1. pers. aorist), pa.t.
úmë. -Nam/RGEO:67, An Introduction to Elvish:5, Silm:21/391,
FS, UGU/UMU BE GONE! heca! - also with pronominal affixes: sg hecat,
pl hecal "you be gone!" (stand aside!) -WJ:364 BEACH falas (falass-), falassë (shore, line
of surf), falas, hresta (ablative hrestallo is
attested) -LT1:253, Silm:431, PHAL/LT2:339, MC:221/222/223 BEAR (vb) #col- (verb stem isolated from
#colindo "bearer". Cf. mel- "to love", melindo "lover".
#Col- can also be translated *"wear" [of clothes], cf. the past
participle colla "borne, worn".) BEAR FRUIT yavin (which
must mean *"I bear fruit", stem #yav-. Tolkien often employs the 1.
person aorist when mentioning a verb in his wordlists.) -LotR:989, cf.
Letters:308 and MEL, MR:385, LT1:273 BEAR (noun) morco -MORÓK BEARD fanga (obsoleting vanga in GL:21; GL:34 has
fangë "long beard", while GL:63 gives poa. Use
fanga.) -SPÁNAG BEARER #colindo (only attested in the pl compound
cormacolindor "Ring-bearers") -LotR:989, cf. Letters:308 BEAT palpa- (batter) -PALAP BEAUTIFUL vanya (Note: a homonym means "disappear"),
linda, calwa, vanima (nominal pl vanimar
"beautiful ones" and partitive plural genitive vanimálion are
attested) (fair, proper, right). According to MR:49, Maiar means
"the Beautiful", but in Quenya this is the name of an order of spirits and
cannot be used as a general adjective. BEAUTY vanessë -BAN,
SLIN, LT1:254, LotR:1017 cf. Letters:308, LT1:272, MR:49 BED caima; BEDCHAMBER caimasan (þ)
(pl. caimasambi); BEDRIDDEN caimassë, caimassëa
(sick); LYING IN BED (noun) caila (sickness) -KAY,
STAB BEE nier (honey-bee), nion -GL:60 BEECH feren, fernë (pl. ferni in
both cases) (LT2:343 gives neldor "beech"; this word may be obsolete in
mature Quenya.) -PHER BEECHEN ferinya -PHÉREN BEGET nosta- (also glossed "give birth"), onta-
(pa.t. ónë or ontanë); BEGETTER
#nostar (see note), ontaro (m.), ontarë
(f.) (parent). (In LotR, the form nostari "begetters,
parents" occurs; sg #nostar. Nostari was changed from
ontari in Tolkien's first draft [see SD:73], so he may have scrapped
ontaro, ontarë in favour of #nostar [or m.
*nostaro, f. *nostarë???] Did he also reject the verb
onta- in favour of nosta-?) -SD:73, ONO, LotR:1017 cf.
Letters:308 BEGINNING *yessë (Corrected from the actual reading
esse, derived from a stem that was marked with a query by Tolkien
because esse also = name. Evidence from LotR indicates that he decided
to change the stem in question from ESE to *YESE, thus
eliminating this homophony: In LotR:1142 we find yestarë,
apparently meaning *"first-day" - it is not translated, but it was the name of
the first day of the year and ré means "day". In Etym [stem
ESE] the word for "first" was esta. So for esta
"first", esse "beginning" and essea "?primary" [gloss
illegible], we should evidently read *yesta, *yessë and
yessëa.) -ESE/ESET BEGOTTEN - see FIRST-BEGOTTEN. BEHOLD cen- (see) (future tense cenuva is
attested) -MC:222 BEING ëala (spirit).Pl. ëalar is attested.
Eälar are spirits whose natural state it is to exist without a
physical body, e.g. Balrogs. -MR:165 BEING ALIVE (noun) cuilë -KUY BELEGOST Túrosto (Mickleburg) -WJ:389 BELERIAND Hecelmar, Heceldamar (lit. *"home of the
Eglath", q.v.) This is said to be the name for Beleriand used "in the language
of the loremasters of Aman". The cognate of Sindarin "Beleriand" is
#Valariandë; only the form Valarianden is attested (a
genitive formation from an earlier "Qenya" variant; in mature Quenya it would
be a dative). The latter may be the name used in Exilic Quenya. Beleriand was
also called Ingolondë "Land of the Gnomes [Noldor]". -WJ:365,
LR:202, ÑGOLOD BELL nyellë -NYEL BELLIED #cumba (isolated from sauricumba
"foulbellied"). This adjective may point to *cumbo or something
similar as the likely word for "belly". -SD:68, 72 BELOVED melda (dear). Cf. nessamelda, *"beloved of
Nessa", a flagrant evergreen tree brought to Númenor by the Eldar.
-MEL, UT:456 BELZAGAR Calmacil -UT:222 BEND #cúna- (derived from the adj. cúna
"bent"; see MC:223. In menel acúna "the heavens bending" the
word is used intransitively.) -MC:222/223 cf. 215 BENEATH undu (down, under) -UNU BENT cúna (curved; cúna is also used as
a verbal stem, see BEND), raica (crooked, wrong), cauca
(crooked, humped), sara (þ) (stiff dry grass)
-MC:223, RAYAK, LT1:257, STAR BERRY piucca -GL:64 (glossed "blackberry" in LT2:347) BESIDE ara, also ar- as prefix. -AR BETWEEN imbë -Nam/RGEO:67
BEYOND pella (a postposition in Quenya:
Andúnë pella "beyond the West", elenillor pella "from
beyond the stars") -Nam, MC:222 BIER tulma -LT1:270 BIG DIPPER see SICKLE OF THE VALAR. BIPED #attalya (Only pl Attalyar is attested.
The word was used of the Petty-dwarves, q.v.) -WJ:389 BIRD aiwë, filit (pl filici)
(Note: both aiwë and filit are stated to mean "small
bird", not "bird" in general), ambalë, ammalë (=
yellow bird), lindo (= "singer", singing bird). LT1:273 also has
wilin; this may or may not be a valid word in mature Quenya.
-AIWÊ, PHILIK, SMAL, LIN BIRTH, BIRTHDAY nosta; GIVE BIRTH nosta- (but in
later sources, nosta- is glossed "beget", q.v.) -LT1:272 BITE (vb) nac- BITE (noun) nahta
-NAK BITTER sára -SAG BLACK morë (in compounds mori-, e.g.
Moriquendi), morna, morqua; BLACKNESS
mórë (night); BLACKHANDED morimaitë, BLACKBERRY
piucca (only "berry" in GL:64); BLACK FOE Moringotto (the
oldest [MET] form was Moriñgotho) (Morgoth) -MOR, LT1:260,
LotR:1015/SD:68, 72, LT2:347, MR:194 BLADE hyanda (share), (sword blade:) +russë
(corruscation) -LT2:342, RUS BLAZE urya- (The stem this word is derived from was struck out in
Etym. However, several words that must be derived from the same stem occur in
LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it.) BLAZING HOT úrin
(Úrin also being a name of the Sun) -UR,
LT1:271 BLESS laita- (praise) (Imperative a laita and fut
#laituva are attested, the latter with pronominal endings:
laituvalmet, "we shall praise [or bless] them".) BLESSED
alya, almárëa (prosperous, rich, abundant),
herenya (wealthy, fortunate, rich), aman ("blessed, free from
evil" - Aman was "chiefly used as the name of the land where the Valar
dwelt." [WJ:399]. BLESSED BEING Manwë (the King of the
Valar); BLESSEDNESS vald- (so in LT1:272; nom. sg. must be either
*val or *valdë) (happiness), "BLESSINGS", BLESSEDNESS,
BLISS almië, almarë; FINAL BLISS manar, mandë
(doom, final end, fate, fortune) -LotR:989 cf Letters:308; GAL, KHER,
Letters:283, LT1:272, MAN/MANAD BLIGHT yaru (gloom) -GL:37 BLINK tihta- (peer) -MC:223 BLOCK tápë (3 pers sg aorist), pa.t. tampë
-TAP BLOOD sercë (so according to Silm appendix; Etym has
yár [yar-]) -Silm:437, YAR BLOSSOM (white) lossë, ("of flowers in bunches or
clusters":) *lohtë (corrected from the actual reading
loktë because Tolkien later decided that kt became ht
in Quenya.) -LOT, LT1:258 BLOT motto -MBOTH BLUE luin, #luinë (pl. luini in Nam; Etym
and LT1:262 has lúnë), ninwa, ulban
(adopted from Valarin; only used in Vanyarin Quenya), PALE
BLUE helwa -Nam/LT2:340, LT1:262, LUG, WJ:399, 3EL BOAT luntë; SMALL BOAT venë (vessel, dish) -LUT,
LT1:254 BODY hroa (In MR:330, Tolkien notes that hroa is
"roughly but not exactly equivalent to 'body'" [as opposed to "soul"]. Hroa
is also used = "physical matter"), DEAD BODY loico (corpse);
BODILY sarcuva (corporeal) -MR:216, 219; MC:223, LT2:347 BOLD verya, canya BOLDNESS verië -BER,
KAN BOLSTER nirwa (cushion) -NID BOND nútë (knot), vérë (troth, compact,
oath) Pl. probably *vérer, *núter not
*véri, *núti; cf. the similar formation
tyávë "taste", pl tyáver. -NUT, WED BONE axo (pl axor is attested) -MC:222,
223 BOOK parma (writings); BOOK LANGUAGE (=Quenya)
parmalambë -PAR/UT:219, 460, LT2:346 BORDER réna (edge, margin); ríma (edge,
hem) -REG, Rî BORN #nóna (isolated from Apanónar, the
"Afterborn") -Silm:122/381 BORNE colla (pa.p. of col- "bear") (worn).
Also used as a noun = "vestment, cloak". -MR:385 BOSOM palúrë (surface, bosom of earth),
súma (hollow cavity) -PAL, MC:223 BOSS OF SHIELD tolmen (isolated round hill) -LT1:269 BOTH yúyo -YÛ BOUND nauta (obliged) -NUT BOW (vb
) cawin ("I bow", 1. pers. aorist); BOW (noun)
quinga, cú (also = crescent Moon),
lúva, cúnë (crescent); RAINBOW
helyanwë ("sky-bridge"), Ilweran, Ilweranta
(LT2:348 has iluquinga "sky-bow", but this word was obsoleted when
Tolkien changed the meaning of ilu from "sky" to "universe".)
BOWLEGGED quingatelco (So it is translated, but this must really
be a noun: "bow-leg" [quinga + telco]. No Quenya adjectives end in
-o, unless this is the only one. Read *quingatelca for
"bow-legged"? Cf. one of the other words from the same source,
sincahonda, changed from sincahondo in an earlier draft - but at
that time Tolkien had already omitted quingatelco and hence did not
change its ending: See SD:72.) -LT1:257, SD 68, 72, KWIG, KU3, LT1:256,
LotR:1154, LT1:271 BOWL fion (goblet), #salpë (isolated from
tanyasalpë "Bowl of Fire") -LT1:253, 292 BRANCH olwa -GÓLOB BRAND yulma (Note: a homonym means "cup".) -YUL cf.
Nam BREAD masta; LIFE-BREAD (= lembas) coimas
(prob. *coimast-, cf. masta "bread") -MBAS, Silm:406/429
BREAK (vb) rac- (past participle rácina
"broken" is attested); BREAK APART terhat- (pa.t.
terhantë); BREAK ASUNDER hat- (pa.t.
hantë) -MC:223, SKAT BREATH (noun) hwesta (breeze, puff of air),
súlë (þ) (spirit) (earlier [MET] form
thúlë = Súlë ; BREATH
(vb) súya- (þ); BREATHER Súlimo
(þ) (a title of Manwë; this is the literal meaning
according to Silm:420); BREATH FORTH see EXPIRE. -SWES,
THÛ/LotR:1157 BREEZE hwesta (breath, puff of air), GENTLE BREEZE
vílë; BREEZY vilin (airy) -SWES, LotR:1157,
LT1:273 BRIDE indis (wife) (This word may obsolete akairis in
LT1:252) -NDIS/UT:8 BRIDEGROOM ender -NDER BRIDGE yanwë (joining, isthmus), yanta (yoke)
-YAT, LotR:1157 BRILLIANCE alcar, alcarë (splendour, radiance),
calassë (clarity); BRILLIANT alcarinqua (glorious)
-AKLA-R-/RGEO:73/UT:317/WJ:369/Silm:427, GL:39 BROAD - LT2:338 gives a word aica "broad, vast", but this is
probably obsoleted by aica "sharp, fell, terrible, dire" in later
writings. BROAD SWORD lango (also = prow of ship), BROAD-BLADED SWORD
ecet (short stabbing sword) -LAG, UT:284/432 BROKEN rácina -MC:223 BROOCH tancil (pin) -TAK BROOD luvu- (lower) -LT1:259 BROOK nellë (GL
:46 has wentë)
-NEN BROTHER toron (pl. torni) (= natural
brother); otorno sworn brother, associate BROTHERHOOD
onóro (of bloodkinship), otornassë (the
latter is evidently the "brotherhood" of otornor, sworn brothers) -TOR,
NÔ BROWN varnë (swart, dark brown) (in compounds
varni-) -BARÁN BUD tuima (sprout); BUDDING see SPRING-TIME. -TUY,
LT1:269 BUFFET taran, tarambo -LT2:337 BUILD carin ("I make, build", 1. pers. aorist - according to
FS and SD:246 the past tense is cárë, but Etym has
carnë; writers should probably use the latter (not to be confused
with the adjective carnë "red". Past participle #carna
*"built, made" is attested in Vincarna *"newly-made" in MR:305.)
BUILDING car (card-) (house), ampano (= especially
building of wood, wooden hall), ataquë (construction);
BUILDER samno (þ) (carpenter, wright) -KAR, PAN, TAK,
STAB BULL tarucco, tarunco -LT2:347 BUNCHES (of flowers) see BLOSSOM. BURDENSOME lumna (lying heavy, oppressive, ominous) -DUB BURLY polda (strong) -POL BU
RN usta- (transitive, e.g. *Fëanáro
ustanë i ciryar "Fëanor burnt the ships"), urya-
(intransitive, e.g. *i ciryar uryaner "the ships were burning")
-LT1:271 BUSH tussa -TUS BUT nan (so in Namárië and
Fíriel's Song; Etym has ná, nán.
Ná clashes with ná "is"); er (only, one,
alone, but, still); BUT YET a-nanta, ananta (and yet) -NDAN,
LT1:269, Nam/FS BUTTERFLY wilwarin (wilwarind-) -WIL/MC:222,
223/LT1:273 BUTTOCKS hacca (hams) -GL:47 -BY-mas (final element in place-names, see -TON)
-LT1:250
CALACIRIAN Calaciryan (prob.
*Calaciryand-), full form Calaciryandë (i.e.,
"the region of Eldamar...in and near the entrance to the ravine [of
Calacirya], where the Light was brighter and the land more beautiful") -RGEO:70
cf. LotR:252 CALL yello (shouth of triumph) -GYEL CANDLE lícuma (taper) -MC:223 CANOPY (vb) telta- (overshadow, screen), CANOPY (noun)
telimbo (sky) -TEL, LT1:268 CANNIBAL-OGRES Sarquindi (sg #Sarquindë?)
-LT2:347 CAPE mundo (nose, snout) (Note: mundo also means "ox".)
-MBUD CARANTHIR Morifinwë, short form Moryo (not
equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name, which is the cognate of his
"mother-name" [q.v.] Carnistir.) -PM:353 CARCANET firinga (necklace) -LT2:346/GL:36 CAROUSAL yulmë (drinking) (Note: a homonym means
"smouldering heat") -WJ:416 CARPENTER samno (þ) (wright, builder)
-STAB CARRY - GL:38 has yulu-, but in WJ:416 the same stem (there
spelt JULU) is said to mean "drink", indicating that yulu-
"carry" is obsolete in mature Quenya. Use rather #col-; see BEAR. CART norollë -GL:31 ?CASSIOPEIA Wilwarin (the identification of this
constellation is not certain. Wilwarin means "butterfly".)
-Silm:426 CASTLE OF CUSTODY - this is mentioned as the approximate meaning of
Mandos (stem Mandost-) -MR:350 CAT mëoi -LT2:348 CATCH (noun) atsa (hook, claw) -GAT CAUSE (vb) tyar- -KYAR CAVE felya, rondo
, rotelë; ARTIFICIAL CAVE
hróta (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall)
-PHÉLEG, ROD, LT2:347, PM:365 CAVITY (hollow) súma (bosom) -MC:223 CEASE hauta- (take a rest, stop), pusta- (stop, put a stop to),
tyel- (end) -KHAW, PUS, KYEL CELEBORN Telporno (Letters:425) or Teleporno
(UT:266). (The latter is stated to be the Telerin form, while
Telporno must be the form used in Noldorin Quenya. Cf.
Altáriel vs. Alatáriel; see GALADRIEL.) CELEBRIMBOR (= "Silver-fist") Telperinquar (possibly
*Telperinquár-. Cf. quárë
"fist"). -Silm:429 CELEGORM Turcafinwë, short form Turco
(not equivalent in sense to his Sindarin name, which is a cognate of his
mother-name [q.v.] Tyelcormo "hasty-riser"; the latter name was "never
used in narrative".) -PM:352, 353 CELOS Celussë (see UT:426) CENTRE endë (core, middle),
tólë -NÉD, ÉNED, LT1:269 CENTURY haranyë (or perhaps it means the last day of a
century - Tolkien's wording is not clear. The latter interpretation may be more
likely.) -LotR:1142 CHAIN Angainor (= "The Great Chain" with which Morgoth was twice
bound; LT1:249 has the form Angaino) -Silm:59 CHAMBER sambë (þ) (-san,
-samb- in compounds; cf. BEDCHAMBER) (room) -STAB CHAMPION aráto (eminent man) -Silm:428 CHANGE (vb) #ahya- (only pa.t. ahyanë is
attested) -PM:395 CHANNEL celma -KEL CHANT lirin ("I chant", 1. pers. aorist) (sing)
-LIR1 CHEESE tyuru- (so in GL:28; why the
hyphen?) CHERRY pio (this word was also applied to plums). CHERRY TREE
aipio (also used = "plum tree"???) -LT2:347, GL:18 CHIEF (adj) héra (principal); CHIEF (noun)
#turco (isolated from Turcomund "chief of bulls, *chief
bull"; this may not be pure Quenya, but Turco appears as a the short
name of Turcafinwë, Celegorm's Quenya name - though that is
translated "strong, powerful (in body)" rather than referring to more
"political" power) -KHER, Letters:423, PM:352 CHIEFTAIN haran (pl harni) (in Etym also = king, but in LotR
and other texts the Quenya word for "king" is aran pl. arani -
see KING), cáno, cánu (see COMMANDER)
(ruler, governor, commander) -3AR, UT:400 CHILD hína, also vocative hina with a short
vowel, used when addressing a (young) child. Pl. híni rather
than hínar; see CHILDREN OF ILÚVATAR below. "Child" as
the last element in compounds: -hin (-hín-, pl.
-híni), e.g. CHILDREN OF ERU Eruhíni
from sg. #Eruhin; CHILDREN OF ILÚVATAR Híni
Ilúvataro; MY CHILD hinya (short for
hínanya). (For "child", Etym also has seldë; Tolkien
changed the meaning from "daughter".) -WJ:403, Silm:387/432,
SEL-D- CHILL ninquë (pallid, white); BE CHILL (of weather)
nicu- (be cold) -WJ:417 cf. NIK-W- CHILLY ringa (damp, cold) -LT1:265 CHOKE quoro- (suffocate), CHOKED quorin (drowned)
-LT1:264 CHOOSING #cilmë (isolated from Essecilmë
"name-choosing", q.v.) -MR:214 CHRONOLOGICAL ACCOUNT lúmequenta (history)
-LU CIRCLE rindë; CIRCULAR rinda;
CIRCULAR ENCLOSURE ("especially on a hill-top") corin
-RIN, KOR/LT1:257 CITY osto (town with wall round) -OS CLAD vaina -LT1:272 CLAMOUR yalmë -NGYAL (see NGAL) CLAN nossë (family, "house") <
i>-NÔ CLARITY calassë (brilliance) -GL:39 CLASP tangwa (hasp) -TAK CLAW atsa (hook, catch), #racca (isolated from
raccalepta, see below); CLAW-FINGERED raccalepta -GAT,
SD:68, 72 CLEAN poica -POY CLEARED (of land) latin, latina (free, open)
-LAT CLEAVE hyarin ("I cleave", 1. pers. aorist), CLEAVER #hyando
in Sangahyando "Throng-cleaver, Cleaver of throngs" -SYAD,
LT2:342, LotR:1085 cf. Letters:425 CLEAVE TO himya- (abide by, stick to) -KHIM CLEFT yáwë (ravine, gulf); sanca (þ)
(split), hyatsë (gash), ciris (crack), falqua
(mountain pass, ravine), cilya (gorge, pass between hills) (so in
Etym, but cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen.
Calaciryo in Namárië] - though this clashes with cirya
"ship". An early version of Namárië actually had
Calacilyo, not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p.
5.) -YAG, STAK, SYAD, RGEO:70/WJ:403, LT2:337, 341, KIL CLIFF ollo (seaward precipice) (The alternative form
oldó may be archaic Quenya.) -LT1:252 CLOAK colla (vestment, actually a past participle "borne,
worn" used as a noun). GREY-CLOAK Sindacollo, Singollo (so
in Silm:421; MR:217 has