Imperialism: the policy of extending ones country’s rule over many lands

Protectorate: a country or state that is controlled by an outside gov’t

Condominium: a country ruled bytwo other countries

Extraterritorial rights: exemption form having to obey the laws of the local territory

Sphere of influence: a region dominated by, but not ruled by, a foreign country

1. David Livingstone was one of the best of Europes missionaries. A minister from Scotland, he went to Africa in 1841 t preach the gospel. He hated to see Africanns being sold into slavery. Britain stopped slavery in east Afriaca. It continued so he and a band of natives went for proof and dissappeared. However, Henry Stanley, a hired reporter, found him.
2. King Leopold II of Belgium took the Belgian Congo in Africa. It was a race for African territories. This alarmed other countries greatly. In fear of war, the countries met and set rules for this competition, no African leaders came however.
3. In the cape colony the British discovered a group of Dutch settlers who called themselves Boers. Most were strict Calvinists and used their belifes to justify their harsh treatment of the natives. Because they hated being under British rule, tension mounted but were eventually overrun by uitlanders or foreign settlers.
4. Britain had began to take intrest in India and created the East India Co. They were eager to take over the Mughals who were the ruling force at the time. By 1757 they controlled the area of Bagledesh and the Ganges River territory in the north.
5. The company had an army of sepoys or Indian soldiers. The sepoys in 1857 rebelled because their guns were sealed with pork fat and they became outraged since they were all Muslims and Hindus. An all out rebellion took place and then the Hindus and Muslims began to war as well.
6. The Sikhs were a religeous group and had long been hostile to the Mughals. They became the mainstay of the company’s army.
7. Indians became outraged that they were second-class citizens in their own country and at the segregation. Europeans made 20% more money than an Indian. The Indian National Congress began and insisted for equal opportunities, by the 1900’s they were asking for self-government.
8. The Muslim League was basically the same as the I.N.C. They began their group in 1906.
9. The British could not sell goods in China well since their goods were considered inferior. They needed a product that people would by in mass amounts, opium was the awnser. Britain smuggled it in and it was bought at high prices since it is a highly addictive narcotic. The Opium War began and was fought at sea between Britain and China. The treaty was ended with a treaty but it was the first of many unequal treatys for China.
10. In later years many European nations began to divide up China. America feared they would be shut out. They made the Open-Door policy in 1899 that opened China to all nations. Many countries agreed to it.
11. China created many secret groups to get rid of these "foreign devils". In 1900 the Boxers, one of the groups, rebelled and surrounded the European section of the city for months. An army of troops from eight nations came and wiped them out.
12. In 1853 four U.S. ships commanded by Matthew Perry to open up foreign trade. Japan stood no chance against these iorn ships and huge cannons.
13. The Meiji era was a revolutionary time in Japan. Industrialization began and they began to modernize. They also built a strong modern army and navy.
14. Many americans had buisness relations with Cuba and depended on it for strtigic importance. They saw Cuba’s fight for freedom like their own and helped them war against Spain. On April 24, 1898 they went to war. In the end the U.S. won over Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam.
15. The Roosevelt Collary let the U.S. act as an international police officer in the Americas. It was used as an excuse for intervention to South America and Latin America.

3) France gained controll of parts of north and west Africa when Henry Stanley claimed most of the land in the name of King Leopold II. The French then invaded Algeria and then built the Suez Canal. Britain bought stock in the company that built it and used it to get to and take over Egypt. Later they felt they had to control the Nile and Sudan as well, so Egypt and Britain took it over.

4) The history of South Africa differs because the Boers were there first and put up a fight as did the natives. The war started when the Boers came under British rule and didn’t want to. In the end the Boers lost the fight.

5) What really started the rise in nationalism in India was when the sepoy mutiny occurred. However they were also annoyed with the taxes and how they did the construction and work, and the segregation. The Raj responded by protecting the Raj, they were only concerned about France and Russia.

6) China had a population of 300 million people. They were ruled by the Manchus in the Ch’ing Dynasty. People worked in small shops and was very efficient. After other countries came the nationalists wanted the foriegners out.

7) Japan kept from becoming a colonized nation by opening their ports, making treatys, and industrializing their life, economy and army. With this new power they became strong and expanded becoming an imperialistic power.