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Aug 26| HISTORY
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>> Events, deaths, births, of 27 AUG [For Aug 27 Julian go to Gregorian date: 1583~1699: Sep 06 1700s: Sep 07 1800s: Sep 08 1900~2099: Sep 09] |
On
a 27 August: 2003 At 09:51 UT Mars is at its closest to the Earth since 12 September 57'617 BC: 55'760'000 km. For several weeks it has appeared brighter than any star or planet except Venus. It will not be that close until 28 August 2287. 2002 HealthSouth Corporation (HRC) announces plans to split in two to shield its strong surgery center division from expected earnings weakness in its rehabilitation services, due to changes in Medicare [next story]. The stock of Healthsouth Corporation (HRC) is downgraded by UBS Warburg from Strong Buy to Buy. On the New York Stock Exchange, HRC drops from its previous close of $11.97 to an intraday low of $6.24 and closes at $6.71. It had started trading on 29 September 1997, at $26.63, and then rose to $30.56 on 27 April 1998. From there it dropped as low as $4.81 on 27 December 1999, but then recovered to as much as $18.48 on 04 September 2001. [5~year price chart >] 2002 Older people in 23 states of the US will have a new option in Medicare: managed care plans that offer prescription drug coverage and are more flexible than HMOs, much like those chosen by many people under age 65. Under an experimental plan announced today, up to 11 million Medicare participants in 23 states can sign up for preferred provider organizations, where coverage is cheap as long as patients use doctors and hospitals that are on the insurance company's list. Unlike health maintenance organizations, PPOs allow subscribers to visit doctors outside the network, but they have to pay extra. All 33 health plans participating in the program intend to offer prescription drug coverage. The traditional Medicare program, where patients can see any doctor they want, has never offered drug coverage outside of hospitals. So older people who want coverage have been forced to buy expensive supplementary coverage or join HMOs. Officials hope the new plans prove both popular with seniors and financially viable for insurance companies, who have pulled out of the Medicare HMO program in droves. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson noted that nearly half of all people in the US under age 65 are in PPOs. "If this is so popular with Americans under 65, we should provide the same choices for our seniors," he said. Congress has been debating how to add prescription drug coverage to Medicare so that all participants can get help with their drug bills. Disagreements over how to structure the program and how much to spend have tied up the issue, and no bill is expected to pass this year. Many seniors signed up for HMOs to get drug coverage, but those plans have complained that they didn't get enough money to cover participants and many have dropped out. About 12% of Medicare participants remain in HMOs now. Under the pilot program announced Tuesday, plans agree to offer coverage for at least three years. They will typically be paid more per enrollee than health plans offering HMOs are paid. If spending on participants winds up being significantly higher or significantly lower, the loss or the savings will be shared with the federal government. Seniors can sign up for the new plans beginning in November 2002, with coverage starting on 01 January 2003. The option will be available to about 11 million Medicare participants. Plans intend to offer PPOs in all or parts of 23 states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, North Carolina, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Washington.
2001 The Norwegian cargo ship Tampa rescues 434 refugees from Afghanistan and Sri Lanka from crippled Indonesian ferry KM Palapa early in the day. The refugees insist that their rescuers take them to Australia and not back to Indonesia. But when the overloaded Tampa, with the suffering refugees on deck under the tropical sun, approaches Australia's Christmas Island, Australian Prime Minister John Howard, in a demagogic move as elections approach, inhumanely refuses it entry. The refugees would continue to suffer until at last, on 3 September 2001, they are transfered to a troop ship that takes some of them to more hospitable New Zealand, and the others to be processed to be sent anywhere but Australia, on tiny Nauru island. |
1989 100 march through Bensonhurst protesting racial killings 1984 President Reagan announces the Teacher in Space project 1981 Divers begin to recover a safe found aboard the sunken Andrea Doria 1979 The US IRS establishes the position of Taxpayer Ombudsman, the "taxpayer's advocate in resolving problems, 1975 Veronica and Colin Scargill (England) complete tandem bicycle ride, a record 29'000 km around the world
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1966 Francis Chichester begins the first solo sail
around the world 1966 Race riot in Waukegan Illinois 1963 Cambodia severs ties with South Vietnam. .
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1945 US troops land in Japan after Japanese surrender. 1945 B-29 Superfortress bombers begin to drop supplies into Allied prisoner of war camps in China.
1928 Fifteen nations sign the Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact, outlawing war and calling for the settlement of disputes through arbitration. Forty-seven other countries eventually sign the pact. 1916 Italy declares war on Germany. 1913 Lt Peter Nestrov, of Imperial Russian Air Service, performs a loop in a monoplane at Kiev (first aerobatic maneuver in an airplane) 1910 Thomas Edison demonstrates the first "talking" pictures using a phonograph in his New Jersey laboratory. 1910 First radio broadcast from an airplane in flight, over Sheepshead Bay, New York. 1904 First jailing of a speeder, in Newport, Rhode Island. This was a harsh sentence in 1904 because traffic laws were still relatively new the first traffic code wasn’t implemented until 1903, when New York introduced a two-page book of regulations. Early traffic regulations varied drastically from state to state, some having no speed limits at all. |
1876 At age 13, future English clergyman G. Campbell Morgan preaches his first sermon. He later grew to become one of the most famous expository preachers and writers of late 19th century England and US. 1865 Rhenish missionary Ludwig I. Nommensen, 31, baptizes four families of the Batak tribe in North Sumatra (Indonesia) the first to be converted to the Christian faith. Nommensen later established a theological training school and in 1878 completed a translation of the New Testament into the Batak language. 1863 Skirmish at Bayou Meto (Reed's Bridge), Arkansas. 1863 Siege of Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, South Carolina continues. 1862 As the Second Battle of Bull Run rages, Confederate soldiers attack Loudoun County, Virginia. The Quaker-dominated Loudoun Rangers openly defied Virginia tradition to serve the Union. 1862 Stonewall Jackson captures and plunders Union supply depot at Manassas Junction, Virginia. |
1793 Maximilien Robespierre is elected to the Committee of Public Safety in Paris, France. 1789 French Natl Assembly issues "Decl of the Rights of Man and the Citizen" 1783 first hydrogen balloon flight (unmanned); reaches 900 m altitude 1665 Ye Bare and Ye Cubb is first play performed in N. America (Acomac, Va) 1626 The Danes are crushed by the Catholic League in Germany, marking the end of Danish intervention in European wars. 26 -BC- Origin of Egyptian Era 65 av. J.C. Jules César s'apprète à débarquer en Grande Bretagne. Il est le seul à avoir réalisé ce rêve de tous les grands conquérants. De retour à Rome, César, qui veut accéder à l'empire, sera assassiné par des nobles républicains. Ce grand soldat fut aussi un grand homme d'état et un réformateur très avisé. |
1975 Haile Selassie, 83, in Addis Ababa, last emperor
of Ethiopia's 3000-year-old monarchy, almost a year after being overthrown. 1963 W E B Du Bois, 95, scholar/founder (NAACP), in Accra, Ghana 1958 Dr Ernest O Lawrence , 57, inventor (Cyclotron-Nobel 1939) 1953 Atanasio Soldati, Italian artist of the Concrete Art Movement, born on 25 August 1896. link to an image.
1912 José María Velasco, Mexican painter and teacher born on 06 July 1840. links to images and to a site. 1900 Antoine Vollon, French painter born on 23 April 1833. MORE ON VOLLON AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images.
1876 Eugène Dupeux Fromentin, French painter born on 24 October 1820. MORE ON FROMENTIN AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images.
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1831 François Dumont l'aîné, French artist
born on 07 January 1751. 1798 Louis Joseph Watteau de Lille, French artist born on 10 April 1731. Not to be confused with his famous uncle, Antoine Watteau [10 Oct 1684 18 Jul 1721] MORE ON THIS WATTEAU AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images.
1691 Gregor Brandmüller, Swiss artist born on 25 August 1661.
1664 Cornelis-Pieterszoon Bega, Dutch painter born on 15 November 1620. MORE ON BEGA AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images. 1651 Jacob-Adriaensz Backer, Dutch Baroque era portrait and history painter, born in 1608. MORE ON BACKER AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images. 1635 Lope Félix de Vega Carpio , 72, dramatist/poet (Angelica, Arcadia) 1576 Tiziano di Gregorio Tiziano Titian, Italian painter born in 1489 approximately. Portrait of Titian engraved by Agostino Carracci [1557 - 1602] after a Titian self~portrait. MORE ON TITIAN AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to many pictures. |
Births
which occurred on a 27 August: 1997 Tian Tian (= More and More) [photo grown-up >], male giant panda (tiny at birth), at the Research and Conservation Center for the Giant Panda in Wolong, China. He came to the US in December 2000 together with female giant panda Mei Xiang (=Beautiful Fragrance, born on 22 July 1998) on loan for 10 years to the National Zoo in Washington DC, for $10 million.So, assuming that the two pandas work 40 hours a week of regular time and 16 hours of overtime, they each earn for China $150 an hour for regular time and $225 an hour for overtime, plus they are housed and fed for free and they don't have any income tax, social security, or health insurance withheld. If you wanted a deal like that, you should have been born a member of a cute species of which there are not much more than 1000 left in the world. 1985 Alexandra Nechita, in Romania, child prodigy artist. She began working in pen and ink at the age of two. By age five she had graduated to watercolors. At seven she was using oils and acrylics. 1943 Luis Caballero, Colombian artist who died in 1995. 1932 Antonia Fraser, biographer (Mary Queen of Scots) 1929 Ira Levin author (Rosemary's Baby, Sleuth, This Perfect Day) 1912 Tarzan, by Edgar Rice Burroughs, first appears, in a magazine. Burroughs was born on 1 September 1875 in Chicago, the son of a wealthy businessman.He was educated at private schools in Chicago, at the prestigious Philips Academy, Andover, Mass. (from which he was expelled), and at Michigan Military Academy, where he subsequently taught briefly. He spent the years 1897 to 1911 in numerous unsuccessful jobs and business ventures in Chicago and Idaho. Eventually settling in Chicago with a wife and three children, Burroughs began writing advertising copy and then turned to pulp fiction. His first published piece, in the adventure magazine All-Story in 1911, was Under the Moons of Mars, introducing the invincible hero John Carter, who is transported to Mars apparently by astral projection, following a battle with Apaches in Arizona. The story was so successful that Burroughs turned to writing full-time. The 'Martian' series eventually reached eleven books. The first Tarzan story appears on 27 August 1912, followed in 1914 by Tarzan of the Apes in book form, the first of 25 such books about the son of an English nobleman abandoned in the African jungle during infancy and brought up by apes. Burroughs created in Tarzan a figure that instantly captured the popular fancy, as did his many tales set on Mars. The Tarzan stories were translated into more than 56 languages and were also popular in comic-strip, motion-picture, television, and radio versions. The protagonist in the Tarzan books is John Clayton, Lord Greystoke, whose aristocratic parents, John Clayton and his wife, Lady Alice, are abandoned on the west coast of Africa by mutinous sailors. Lady Alice dies insane and Tarzan's father is killed by a great ape named Kerchak. Tarzan is raised by an ape, Kala, and grows into a leader of the hairy tribe due to his intelligence and fighting skills. In the jungle Tarzan learns to read when he finds a book in the remnants of his parents hut. As he grows older, he finds that he had grown away from his ape people. Their interests and his were far removed. Another party of whites is marooned at the same west coast the Porters from Baltimore and William Clayton, the present Lord Greystoke. During the tale, Tarzan finds love, becomes a hero, and finds his aristocratic roots. Tarzan falls in love with Jane Porter, but in Tarzan of the Apes, Jane rejects his offer of marriage and accepts the proposal of William Greystoke. Nevertheless, eventually Jane Porter becomes Tarzan's wife, and they also have a son. With the help of animals mostly elephants and apes Tarzan gains the unofficial status of the king of the jungle, and gains immortality through an African shaman's secret formula. In several Tarzan books the invincible hero is involved with lost races, hidden cultures, or even with an entire lost continent. During his long career in the jungle, Tarzan battles against Germans, Japanese, and Communists. In the first four books the hero is known variously as "Tar-Zan" ("white-skin" in the ape tongue), "John Clayton," and "Lord Bloomstoke" (later changed to "Lord Greystoke"). Other popular series from Burroughs's pen were The Carson of Venus books, blending romance and comedy, the Pellucidar tales, located inside the Earth, and The Land That Time Forgot trilogy in total some 68 titles. In 1913 Burroughs founded his own publishing house Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. Burroughs-Tarzan Enterprises and Burroughs-Tarzan Pictures were founded in 1934. In addition to his four major adventure series, Burroughs wrote between the years 1912 and 1933 several other adventure novels, among them The Cave Girl (1925), in which a weak aristocrat develops into a warrior; two Western novels about a white Apache, The War Chief (1927) and Apache Devil (1933), sympathetic to Amerindians; and Beyond the Farthest Star, in which science-fiction is used to depict the brutality of war. In 1919 Burroughs purchased a large ranch in the San Fernando Valley, which he later developed into the suburb of Tarzana. To support his expensive lifestyle and to cover losses in financial investments, he wrote an average of three novels a year. The first Tarzan film was produced in 1918, When the Olympic swimming champion Johnny Weissmuller took the role in the 1930's, the films became very popular, though they were even worse than the novels, which Burroughs himself admitted were hardly literature.. In 1933 Burroughs was elected mayor of California Beach. During World War II Burroughs was a war correspondent in the South Pacific. He died of heart disease on 19 March 1950. LINKS BURROUGHS ONLINE: |
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1908 Lyndon Baynes Johnson, near Stonewall, Texas, (D) 36th president of the United States (1963-1969). He died on 22 January 1973. 1899 C.S. Forester English journalist and historical novelist, created Horatio Hornblower series. He died on 02 April 1966. 1890 Emmanuel Rudnitsky “Man Ray”, US photographer, painter, and filmmaker, who died on 18 November 1976. MORE ON “MAN RAY” AT ART 4 AUGUST with links to images. 1877 Lloyd C. Douglas, American Lutheran clergyman and religious novelist. Douglas published his first best-seller, Magnificent Obsession, in 1929, followed later by The Robe (1942) and The Big Fisherman (1948). 1884 Vincent Auriol, French politician. 1882 Samuel Goldwyn pioneer film maker/producer (MGM) 1874 Carl Bosch, German 1931 Nobel Prize-winning industrial chemist, who died on 26 April 1940.
1858 Giuseppe Peano, Piemontese mathematician who was the founder of symbolic logic and his interests centered on the foundations of mathematics and on the development of a formal logical language. He died on 20 April 1932. 1841 Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb , translator into English of SOPHOCLES ONLINE: Ajax Antigone Electra Oedipus at Colonus Oedipus Tyrannus Philoctetes The Trachiniae // other English translations of Sophocles (not by Jebb): Ajax Antigone Oedipus Rex Oedipus the King Oedipus the King The Oedipus Trilogy Philoctetes Philoktetes. 1809 Hannibal Hamlin (R) 15th US Vice-President (1861-1865), who died on 04 July 1891. 1791 Jozef T.L. Geirnaert, Belgian artist who died on 20 March 1859. 1770 Georg Wilhelm F Hegel, in Stuttgart, German idealist philosopher (dialectic) HEGEL ONLINE: (in English translations): The Shorter Logic The Phenomenology of Mind The Philosophy of History (PDF) Philosophy of Right (PDF). 551 B.C. Confucius (K'ung Fu-tzu), philosopher. CONFUCIUS ONLINE: (in English translations): Analects of Confucius Analects of Confucius Analects of Confucius The Doctrine of the Mean The Doctrine of the Mean The Great Learning The Great Learning |