Types of Databases
Individual Database
- Also known as the microcomputer database.
- It is a collection of integrated files primarily used by just one
person.
- Data is stored either on the user's disk or on a LAN file server.
- Examples:
- Keeping records for a small business or store.
- Tracking customers and sales records for a small
store.
- Evaluating salespeople performance.
Company, or Shared Database
- Database created for use in a company.
- This type of database may be stored on a mainframe.
- Managed by a computer professional, known as a database
administrator.
- Access to this type of database is usually made through a link to
the main computer from a microcomputer through a network.
- Two types of company databases are:
- common operational - contains details about the
day to day operations
of the company, such as inventory, production, and sales.
- common user - contains selected information both from common
operational database and outside private databases. Managers and
top executives use these databases for strategic decision making.
- Examples:
- A department store can record all sales transactions
in the database.
- A sales manager can use this information to see which
salespeople are selling the most products.
- The manager can then determine year-end sales bonuses.
- The store's buyer can learn which products are selling
well or not selling and make adjustments when reordering.
- A top executive might combine overall store sales
trends with information from outside databases about consumer and
population trends.
- This information could be used to change the whole
merchandising strategy of the store.
Distributed Database
- Data in a company stored in several locations.
- Data is made accessible through communications networks.
- A database server on a client/server network may provide a link
between users and data.
- Examples:
- Database information can be at regional offices,
company headquarters, and overseas branches.
- Sales figures for the chain of department stores can
then be accessed by executives at the headquarter office for decision
making.
Proprietary Database
- A large database that an organization develops to cover certain
particular subjects.
- Access is usually offered to the public or selected outside
individuals for a fee.
- Sometimes called information utilities or data banks.
- Some proprietary databases are:
- CSi - offers consumer and business services, including
electronic mail.
- Dialog Information Services - offers business technical and
scientific information.
- Dow Jones News Retrieval - provides world news, and
information on business, investments, and stocks.
- Prodigy - offers news and information on business and
economics, and leisure.
- Companies usually charge a start-up fee and an hourly charge for
searching the database.
- There may also be a charge for the phone line or telecommunication
line.
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