Synchronous: The instruction in which the teacher and the learners, though not at the same physical location, are communicating with each other simultaneously, in real time.There are many forms of synchronous distance learning, such as: interactive T.V., audiographics, teleconferencing,computer conferencing, IRC, MOOS.
Asynchronous: The instruction in which the teacher and the learner have the freedom to choose the time they want to participate in the learning process, as the instruction and the response of the learner cannot take place at the same time. Some forms of asynchronous distance learning are: correspondence, audio-cassete courses, videotapes, e-mail, listserves, www-based courses.
When comparing those forms of communication in distant education we find pros and cons to both of them. Asynchronous instruction has the big advantage of time flexibility. That is also said to be its main disadvantage as students and teachers don't feel real pressure about responding, doing or correcting homework in time. Another special feature is that it gives the chance to all participants to think and structure better what they want to contribute to the learning process, due to the almost unlimited time that people can have. It also gives the chance to keep records of every aspect of the teaching process. Sychronous on the other hand, has the spontaneity and direct interaction of a real-class enviroment. Which will one choose? This depends on the nature of the material taught. There is not a good or bad one. A combination may be the best way in most cases where synchronous instruction could replace the traditional classroom lecture and asynchronous could be the "homework" or research part of a course.
Last modified: 10/8/97 By Tania Kiouprouli