| NAME | YEARS |
| Dynasty of Constantine | |
| Constantine I the Great | 324-337 |
| Constantine II, Constantius, and Constans | 337-340 |
| Constantius | 340-361 |
| Julian | 361-363 |
| Jovian | 363-364 |
| Valentian I and Valens | 364-375 |
| Valens, Gratian and Valentian II | 375-378 |
| Dynasty of Theodosius | |
| Theodosius I the Great | 378-395 |
| Arcadius | 395-408 |
| Theodosius II | 408-450 |
| Marcian | 450-474 |
| Dynasty of Leo | |
| Leo I | 457-474 |
| Leo II | 474 |
| Zeno | 474-491 |
| Anastasius | 491-518 |
| Dynasty of Justinian | |
| Justin | 518-527 |
| Justinian I | 527-565 |
| Justin II | 565-578 |
| Tiberius II | 578-582 |
| Maurice | 582-602 |
| Phocas | 602-610 |
| Dynasty of Heraclius | |
| Heraclius | 610-641 |
| Constans II | 641-668 |
| Constantine IV | 668-685 |
| Justinian II (banished) | 685-695 |
| Leontius | 695-698 |
| Tiberius III | 698-705 |
| Justinian II (restored) | 705-711 |
| No Dynasty | |
| Bardanes | 711-713 |
| Anastasius II | 713-716 |
| Theodosius III | 716-717 |
| Isaurian Dynasty | |
| Leo III | 717-741 |
| Constantien V Copronymus | 741-775 |
| Leo IV | 775-780 |
| Constantine VI | 780-797 |
| Irene | 797-802 |
| No Dynasty | |
| Nicephorus I | 802-811 |
| Strauracius | 811 |
| Michael I | 811-813 |
| Leo V | 813-820 |
| Phrygian Dynasty | |
| Michael II | 820-829 |
| Theophilus | 829-842 |
| Michael III | 842-867 |
| Macedonian Dynasty | |
| Basil I | 867-886 |
| Leo VI and Alexander | 886-912 |
| Alexander | 913 |
| Constantine VII Porphygenitus Romanus I Lecapenus Constantine (VIII) |
913-959 919-944 924 |
| Romanus II | 959-963 |
| Nicephorus II Phocas | 963-969 |
| John Tzimisces | 969-976 |
| Basil II Bulgaroctonus | 976-1025 |
| Constantine VIII | 1025-1028 |
| Romanus III Argyrus | 1028-1034 |
| Michael IV the Paphlagonian | 1034-1041 |
| Michael V Calaphates | 1041-1042 |
| Zoe and Theodora | 1042 |
| Constantine IX Monomachus | 1042-1055 |
| Theodora | 1055-1056 |
| Michael VI Stratioticus | 1056-1057 |
| Prelude to Comnenian Dynasty | |
| Isaac I Comnenos | 1057-1059 |
| Constantine X Ducas | 1059-1067 |
| Romanus IV Diogenes | 1067-1071 |
| Michael VII Doukas | 1071-1078 |
| Nicephorus III Botaniates | 1078-1081 |
| Dynasty of the Comneni | |
| Alexius I Comnenos | 1081-1118 |
| John II Comnenos | 1118-1143 |
| Manuel I Comnenos | 1143-1180 |
| Alexius II Comnenos | 1180-1183 |
| Andronicus I Comnenos | 1183-1185 |
| Dynasty of the Angeli | |
| Isaac II | 1185-1195 |
| Alexius III | 1195-1203 |
| Isaac II (restored) with Alexius IV | 1203-1204 |
| Alexius V Ducas Murtzuphlus | 1204 |
| Fall of Constantinople | 1204 |
| Lascarid Dynasty in Nicaea | |
| Theodore I Lascaris | 1204-1222 |
| John III Ducas Vatatzes | 1222-1254 |
| Theodore II Lascaris | 1254-1258 |
| John IV Lascaris | 1258-1261 |
| Dynasty of the Palaeologi | |
| Michael VIII Paleologus | 1258-1282 |
| Recapture of Constantinople | 1261 |
| Andronicus II | 1282-1343 |
| Michael IX | 1293-1320 |
| Andronicus III | 1341-1376 |
| John V | 1341-1376 |
| John VI Cantancuzenus | 1341-1354 |
| Andronicus IV | 1376-1379 |
| John V (restored) | 1379-1391 |
| John VII | 1390 |
| Manuel II | 1391-1425 |
| John VIII | 1425-1448 |
| Constantine XI Dragases | 1449-1453 |
| Fall of Constantinople | 29 May 1453 |