Chapter 3 Review
PSYCH 335

1. A key causal event in the release of neurotransmitter molecules from vesicles into the synaptic cleft is the

influx of Cl- ions in response to the generation of an action potential at the axon hillock
influx of Ca++ ions in response to the arrival of an action potential at the button
efflux of Ca++ ions at the axon hillock
influx of Na+ ions in response to the arrival of an action potential at the button

2. There are two fundamentally different patterns of neurotransmitter synthesis, release, and action: one for

EPSPs and one for APs
first messengers and one for second messengers
chemical-gated channels and one for voltage-gated channels
small-molecule neurotransmitters and one for peptide neurotransmitters

3. The binding of a small-molecule neurotransmitter to its ionotropic receptor

opens or closes ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane
is always excitatory
initiates a brief rapid change in the membrane potential.
both a and c

4. G proteins

sometimes diffuse into the postsynaptic cell
always induce EPSPs
sometimes move along the outside of the postsynaptic membrane
none of the above

5. Which neurotransmitters mediate transmission at the vast majority of fast-acting, point-to-point synapses in the central nervous system?

amino acids
catecholamines
neuropeptides
both b and c

6. Which neurotransmitter is in a class by itself?

dopamine
GABA
acetylcholine
glutamate

7. Neuromodulators are neurotransmitters that

are not amino acids
are usually excitatory
increase or decrease the sensitivity of other neurons to the local effects of other neurotransmitters
both b and c

8. Benzodiazepines are

GABA agonists
GABA antagonists
antianxiety drugs
both A and C

9. How does cocaine influence dopamine synapses?

it absorbs dopamine
it breaks up dopamine in the synapse
it intereferes with the reuptake of dopamine
it excites dopamine synapses to release more dopamine

10. What was Loewi's evidence that neurotransmission depends on the release of chemicals

he proved that there is a delay in neural transmission in the synapse
he proved that neurons are separated by a microscopic gap called the synapse
he proved that transplanted extracellular fluid stimulates or inhibits heart rate
he proved that adrenaline directly accelerates the heartbeat

Name:

1