Chapter 10 Review
PSYCH 315

1. In the Behavior System Approach, developed by Timberlake and others, the assumption is made that

organisms are born with no knowledge; therefore, all knowledge must be acquired on the basis of experience
imprinting is an instinctive process; other changes in behavior can be explained through general laws of learning
classical and instrumental conditioning follow different principles of learning
learning modifies a pre-existing set of instinctive patterns of behavior

2. Pigs can be operationally conditioned very quickly to deposit coins in a “piggy bank” for food reinforcement. However, with continued training, the effectiveness of the operant behavior declines as the pigs begin to show more instinctive behavior toward the coins. The change in the pigs’ behavior is an example of

instinctive drift
mismanagement of the reinforcement
preparedness
instinctive predisposition

3. The appetitive structure view proposes that animal misbehavior is due to _______ in the situation.

operant conditioning
Pavlovian conditioning
species-specific defensive reactions (SSDR)
both Pavlovian and operant conditioning

4. Schedule-induced behavior is most likely seen in

variable ratio reinforcement schedules
variable ratio reinforcement schedules
compound reinforcement schedules
fixed-interval reinforcement schedules

5. According to Staddon and Simmelhag’s analysis of superstitious behavior in pigeons, two types of instinctive reactions occur on a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule. _______ behavior refers to the elicitation of responses appropriate to the receipt of the reinforcement and _______ behavior refers to the a set of instinctive reactions which are not directly related to the reinforcement.

consummatory; appetitive
natural; superstitious
fixed action pattern; random action pattern
terminal; interim

6. For birds that seek their food during the day, _______ cues are more salient than taste cues in the acquisition of an aversion.

auditory
odor
tactile
visual

7. Revusky (1971) proposed the concurrent interference view of flavor-aversion learning which claims that

animals can only develop flavor-aversions if they had once been made sick by consuming food
a flavor-aversion can only be learned if the animal has not consumed other foods between the initial food and the resulting illness
a sensitive period exists for the learning of flavor aversions
flavor-aversions are learned on the basis of operant, not Pavlovian, conditioning principles

8. A treatment used with humans that resembles the bait-shyness effect is

negative reinforcement
escape conditioning
time-out
aversion-therapy

9. Electrical stimulation of the _______ is painful and motivates avoidance behavior.

lateral geniculate body
red nucleus
medial forebrain bundle
periventricular system

10. Cocaine and amphetamines appear to have their reinforcing effects by interacting with the _______ neurotransmitter.

dopamine
acetylcholine
GABA
serotonin

Name:

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