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Functions:
| atan2(x,y)
| arctangent of x/y in radians
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| cos(expr)
| cosine of expr
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| exp(expr)
| exponential of expr
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| gsub(regular-expression, string1, string2)
| substitute string1 for all instances of regular-expression in string2. If string2 is not specified, use the current record $0.
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| index(string1, string2)
| return the position of string1 in string2
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| int(expr)
| integer value of expr
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| length(string)
| return the length of string
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| log(expr)
| natural logarithm of expr
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| match(string, regular-expression)
| return the position in string where regular-expression occurs. If not found, return 0. RSTART is set to starting position, and RLENGTH is set to the length of string.
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| rand()
| random number between 0 and 1
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| sin(expr)
| sine of expr in radians
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| split(string, array)
| split string into array using $FS
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| split(string, array, fs)
| split string into array using fs as separator
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| sprintf(format, expr)
| format expr according to the printf format
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| sqrt(expr)
| square root of expr
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| srand()
| new seed for rand (current time)
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| srand(expr)
| set the seed for rand to expr
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| sub(regular-expression, string1, string2)
| substitute string1 for the first instance of regular-expression in string2. If string2 not specified, use the current record $0.
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| substr(string, x)
| return the suffix of string starting at position x
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| substr(string, x, n)
| return n character substring of string starting at position x
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| function name(args,...) {statements}
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| func name(args,...) {statements} name (expr, expr, . . .)
| define a function name
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Operators:
| =, +=, –=, *=, /=, %=, ^=
| assignment operators
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| ?:
| conditional expression
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| ||, &&, !
| logical OR, logical AND, logical NOT
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| ~, !~
| regular expression match/do not match
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| <, <=, >, >=, !=, ==
| relational operators
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| +, –
| add, subtract
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| *, /, %
| multiple, divide, modulo
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| +, –
| unary plus, unary minus
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| ^
| exponentiation
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| ++, ––
| increment, decrement
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Variables:
| $ARGC
| number of command-line arguments
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| $ARGV
| array of command-line arguments
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| $FILENAME
| current input file
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| $FNR
| record number in current input file
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| $FS
| input field separator (default blank and tab)
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| $NF
| number of fields in the current record
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| $NR
| number of current record
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| $OFMT
| output format for numbers (default %g)
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| $OFS
| output field separator (default blank)
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| $ORS
| output record separator (default newline)
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| $RLENGTH
| length of string matched by match()
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| $RS
| contains the input record separator (default newline)
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| $RSTART
| index of first character matched by match()
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| $SUBSEP
| subscript separator (default \034)
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| $0
| current input record
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| $n
| nth input field of current record
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