Thread: Beijing Duck Soup / Olympic Urbanism(s) / Provisional Bibliography
PROVISIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
NOTE: Both hyperlinks and static URLs are provided for your convenience.
NEW YORK 2012?
1/ New York's Olympics Aspirations: City Leaders Bid for 2012 Games (Newsday, 12/16/00) - This hyperlink is no longer functioning and you will have to search the Newsday site to locate the item
2/ The "X" Men (New York Magazine, 01/15/01)
http://www.newyorkmag.com/page.cfm?page_id=4261
3/ If New York Gets Olympics in 2012, Who Gets the Tab? (Newsday, 09/26/00) - This hyperlink is no longer functioning and you will have to search the Newsday site to locate the item
4/ New York City is Off and Running for the 2012 Olympics - by Mayor Rudy Giuliani (Weekly Column, 03/27/00)
http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/2000a/weekly/wkly0327.html
5/ A. Guiney, "NYC bids for 2012 Olympics", Architecture 89, no. 5 (May 2000), 41
6/ The New York City 2012 Olympic Bid Official Site (Requires Shockwave)
http://www.nyc2012.com/
7/ New York City Shortlisted for 2012 Summer Olympics (The New York Times, 08/28/02)
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/28/nyregion/28OLYM.html
8/ Regarding the vast and absurd machinations surrounding the attempt to build a stadium for the Olympics (the Jets) on the Far West Side of Manhattan (a.k.a. the Westside railyards), see The Village Voice (March 2-8, 2005), Neil DeMause, "If They Build It, You'll Pay", pp. 18-19, and Paul Moses, "Giving Away the Store", pp. 20-21
London was selected for the 212 Summer Games ...
BEIJING 2008
1/ "The Bill for These Games Could Exceed $20 Billion" (The New York Times, 07/14/01)
"Beijing is the latest in a long line of upwardly mobile cities to seize on the Olympics as a way to better itself. Some, like Sydney, which played host to the Summer Games last year, benefited from the increased visibility. Tourist arrivals there increased 15 percent in the last quarter, beating the forecasts.
But other cities that have hosted the Olympics, like Montreal and Barcelona, were saddled with billions of dollars in debt. Even Los Angeles and Atlanta, which turned a profit on their Games, reaped little in the way of long-term economic benefits [...]
At $20 billion, the Games would not even be the country's biggest public-works project. That remains the Three Gorges Dam, which is rising on the Yangtze River in central China at a cost of more than $30 billion. All told, the government spends $100 billion a year on public investments.
'The infrastructure projects in Beijing could draw resources away from other parts of the country, because China is still fiscally constrained,' said Dong Tao, a China economist at Credit Suisse First Boston here.
Still, Tao said that the Olympics would boost confidence in China, particularly among foreign investors. He noted that Beijing wants these Games to be state-of-the- art, which will stimulate China's growing information technology industry as well as open the door to foreign companies.
As these companies scramble to provide mobile phones and fiber-optic networks at the Olympics, Goldman Sachs estimates that foreign direct investment in Beijing will jump from $1.5 billion in 2000 to nearly $5 billion in 2008.
Another major opportunity for China is in tourism. The country currently attracts 10 million tourists a year, generating about $16 billion in foreign exchange revenues. That is about the same as tiny Hong Kong. Xie said a successful Olympics could double or triple that number.
Goldman Sachs estimates that tourism revenue will grow 18 percent a year between 2002 and 2008. That, combined with the public works spending, leads the company to estimate that the Games will add 0.3 percent a year to China's economic growth between 2002 and 2008, or a cumulative gain of $32 billion."
2/ Can Communism Compete With the Olympics? - by Zbigniew Brzezinzki (The New York Times, 07/14/01)
http://nytimes.com/2001/07/14/opinion/14BRZE.html
3/ Beijing Bid Goes 'Green' - by Nic Hopkins (CNN, 07/10/01)
http://www5.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/07/10/china.oly.hopkins/index.html
4/ R. Such, "China Tries to Clean Up Its Act for 2008 Games (Beijing making changes to please IOC officials and win bid to host the Olympics)", Architecture 90, no. 3 (Mar 2001), 34
NEW BEIJING, GREAT OLYMPICS - "As the modern Olympic Movement entered the new millennium, China, the biggest developing country in the world, will definitely contribute to the spread of the Olympic Ideal in an extensive and innovative way." - The Official Sitehttp://www.beijing-olympic.org.cn/eolympic/xay/xay_index.htm
ATHENS 2004
1/ A. Tzonis, A. Rodi, "Rubble-rousing (The largest archaeological dig in the world, Athens subway expansion in preparation for the 2004 Olympics)", Architecture vol. 89, no. 10 (Oct 2000), 71+
SYDNEY 2000
1/ Sydney Olympics and the Environment (Sydney Case) (Trade & the Environment Database)
http://www.american.edu/TED/SYDNEY.HTM
2/ F. Fenner, "Ground Work (Despite a modest budget, time pressures and a toxic site, the Sydney Olympics sponsored a range of contextually significant permanent art works)", Art in America 89, no. 5 (May 2001), 89+
3/ I. Perlman, "Look of the Games (The Sydney Olympics venue, last summer, today, and hereafter)", Landscape Architecture 91, no. 2 (Feb 2001), 76+
4/ J. F. Kolleeny, "Green Games: Give Earth a Sporting Chance (The Sydney Olympics have gone further than any other olympics in addressing environment concerns)", Architectural Record 9 (2000), 167
5/ A. Susskind, "While the 2000 Olympics Loom, Sydney Gets Reborn", Architectural Record 188, no. 6 (June 2000), 55+
6/ A. Susskind, "New Piano tower to shine in Sydney for the Olympics, while Foster waits in wings (Renzo Piano's 41-story office tower overlooks the Sydney Harbour and Botanic Gardens, while Norman Foster's project for an office tower is on hold)", Architectural Record 188, no. 2 (Feb 2000), 27
7/ P. Bennett, "Big Ideas Down Under (Three major US firms have teamed up with public-sector designers to configure the site of the Olympics for the year 2000 in Sydney, Australia)", Landscape Architecture 89, no. 2 (Feb 1999), 60+
8/ C. Melhuish, "Sydney Olympics (Architectural features of Hargreaves-Associates master plan)", Architectural Design no. 142 (Nov-Dec 1999), 72-73
9/ C. Melhuish, "Iconic Architecture at the End of the Millennium - International Projects for the Millennium (A closer look at the Sydney Olympics, Expo-2000 Hanover and La Tour de la Terre)", Architectural Design no. 142 (Nov-Dec 1999), 64-65
10/ A. Susskind, "As Sydney's Olympics Near, New Structures Get Mixed Reviews", Architectural Record 187, no. 12 (Dec 1999), 59
ATLANTA 1996
1/ "Activists Meddle with Toronto Olympics Bid" (Varsity News, University of Toronto, 09/17/98)
"'Mega-projects and events are spectacles by nature and are based on emotion. The goal is to attract consumer money. The process itself has become a spectacle,' said Ute Lehrer, a professor at the University of California Los Angeles. She adds that the creation of a 'spectacle' is a means of silencing oppositional voices.
'At first, there are always lots of nice sentiments and promises to deal with issues of the poor and homeless for the city's image,' said J. David Hulchanski, a U of T professor in sociology and equity studies in education.
Hulchanski refers to Atlanta Georgia's empty promise after receiving the honour of hosting the 1996 summer games to include everyone in the 'bond of brotherhood' in 1990.
Instead of committing time and money to systemically change social inequalities, however, a new jail was built and a record number of 10,000 homeless people were arrested before the Games, he says.
Homeless people were also offered a one-way ticket out of Atlanta so long as they promised never to return ..."
Excerpt from Ute Lehrer's Mega-Projects and Mega-Events: Olympics in Berlin, presented at the public event "Olympic Dreams - Urban Nightmare?" organized by Bread Not Circuses, Metro Network for Social Justice, and International Network for Urban Research and Action, Toronto, September 16, 1998.
http://www.breadnotcircuses.org/home.html
2/ R. A. Barreneche, "Atlanta Char[r]ette for Public Spaces Proposals Generated for International-Boulevard in Preparation for the 1996 Olympics", Architecture-The AIA Journal 82, no. 12 (Dec 1993), 27
3/ P. Somma, "Atlanta - The Olympics and Ethnic Cleaning", Spazio e Societa - Space & Society 16, no. 64 (Oct-Dec 1993), 100-109
BARCELONA 1992
1/ An Economic Analysis of the Barcelona '92 Olympic Games: Resources, Financing, and Impact from The keys to success, Miquel de Moragas & Miquel Botella (eds.) (Barcelona: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1996)
http://www.blues.uab.es/olympic.studies/articles/brunet.html
2/ Historic Evolution and Urban Planning Typology of Olympic Village, Francesc Muñoz (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Geografia)
http://www.blues.uab.es/olympic.studies/viles/munoz.html
3/ Y. Conde, "Real-Estate Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 129-130
4/ V. Slapeta, "The City by the Seaside: Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 121-124
5/ X. Costas, "Reassuring Clarity: Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 114-116
6/ J. Lucan, "From One City to the Other: Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 112-113
7/ J. L. Mateo, "End of an Era: Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 110-111
8/ M. Botta, "Other Changes: Barcelona After the Olympics", Lotus International 77 (1993), 108-110
9/ D. Dillon, "Olympics Boost Barcelona's Urban Design", Architecture - The AIA Journal 81, no. 7 (July 1992), 26-27
10/ J. M. Puig dela Bellacasa, "Barcelona at the Time of the Olympics", Connaissance des Arts no. 485 (July-August 1992), 108-117
11/ M. Hancock, "Barcelona Dreaming: Design Consultancy Quod Commission to Design Street Furniture and Environmental Graphics for the 1992 Olympics", Design no. 506 (1991), 26-28
LOS ANGELES 1984
1/ M. Colombo, "Urban Designs of the Los Angeles Olympics", Domus no. 656 (1984)
2/ D. Walker, "Ephemeral Olympics: Temporary Contemporary Architecture in Los Angeles", Architectural Review 176, no. 1050 (1984)
GENERAL
1/ International Olympic Committee (IOC)
http://www.olympic.org/
2/ The Olympic Movement & The Environment (IOC)
http://www.olympic.org/ioc/e/org/enviro/enviro%5Fsamaranch%5Fe.html
3/ S. W. Pope, "The Olympics - A History of the Modern Games (by A. Guttmann)" [book review], Journal of American History 80, no. 2 (Sept 1993), 710
4/ H. Murray, "The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games (by A. Guttman)" [book review], Virginia Quarterly Review 69, no. 2 (Spring 1993), 353-357
5/ E. Drew, "Olympics", Antioch Review 51, no. 1 (Winter 1993), 38-44
O SALT LAKE CITY!
1/ At $2 Billion, Salt Lake Olympics Will Be Most Costly Ever (The Christian Science Monitor, 12/12/01)
http://www.csmonitor.com/2001/1212/p4s1-usec.html
2/ Greenest Games Ever? Not! (The Los Angeles Times, 02/03/02)
http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/suncommentary/la-000008454feb03.story?coll=la%2Dheadlines%2Dsuncomment
3/ IT and the Olympics - or, IT's the Olympics (BBC World Service, 02/08/02)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1809000/1809001.stm
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