THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF PHYSICS
NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION (THE LAW OF INERTIA):
A free particle (a particle subject to zero net force) always moves with constant velocity, or (which amounts to the same thing) without acceleration.
i.e.,
A free particle either moves in a straight line with constant speed or is at rest (zero velocity).
NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION:
The time rate of change of momentum of a particle is equal to the net force acting on the particle.
i.e.,
Fnet = dp/dt where, p=mv and if mass is constant, the law yields
Fnet = ma (m: mass, a: acceleration v: velocity)
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW OF MOTION (LAW OF ACTION AND REACTION):
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
i.e.,
Whenever one body exerts a force upon a second body, the second exerts an equal and opposite force upon the first.
PASCAL'S PRINCIPLE:
Pressure applied
anywhere on a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in every direction.