711 AD

Arabs enter Spain.

717

Al-Hurr’s army enters France.

721

Al-Samh’s forces routed at Toulouse.

728

Muslim fleet raids Lérins Islands, off Cannes.

732

Abdul Rahman al-Ghafiqi’s forces lose Battle of Tours and Poitiers.

759

Franks recapture Narbonne.

827

Arabs launch naval raid on Oye in Brittany.

831

Arabs launch naval attack on Marseilles; sail up estuary of the Rhône.

848

Arles in Muslim hands.

869

Muslim adventurers raid Provence and construct a harbor in the Camargue.

889

Twenty Muslims sail up the Gulf of St. Tropez and found a colony at Fraxinet (Farakhshanit).

906

Muslims cross the defiles of the Dauphiné and Mont Cénis.

908

Muslims attack the valley of the Suse.

911

Muslims occupy the Alpine passes.

920

Abdul Rahman, uncle of Abdul Rahman iii, ruler of al-Andalus, crosses the Pyrenees and reaches Toulouse; Marseilles, Aix, Piedmont attacked from Fraxinet.

929

Fraxinet Muslims advance to borders of Liguria.

931

Hugh of Arles invites Byzantine fleet to help him against the Muslim colonists, but then makes peace with them; Muslims occupy Alpine heights.

940

Muslims occupy and colonize Toulon.

942-952

Muslim settlement at Nice; Muslim occupation of Grenoble; Muslim fortresses in Pièmont: Fressineto and Fenestrelle.

965

Muslims evacuate Grenoble.

970

Evacuation of Savoy by Muslims.

973

French town of Gap evacuated by Muslims; Battle of Tourtour and Muslim evacuation of most of Provence.

975

Muslim evacuation of Fraxinet.

1003

Muslims attack Antibes.

1019

Muslims attempt to recapture Narbonne; Maguelone attacked by Muslim freebooters.

1047

Muslim raid on Lérins Islands.