Theme: Veiled Vices
Content: Possibly a self-addressed sonnet about the counterpoint between outward beauty and hidden vices. Massive anagrammatic, metaphorical and punning word play.
How sweet and lovely
dost thou make the shame
Which, like a canker in the fragrant rose,
Doth spot the beauty of thy budding
name!
O, in what sweets dost thou thy sins enclose!
- “How well you embellish your faults.”
- Shame linked with name again, and the analogy of the canker in the flower as in other sonnets.
- Exclamatory delight at the paradox of the inner sin within the outwardly attractive.
- The author may be talking about himself.
- The budding name in line 3 may refer to the flower “Sweet William”.
- Possible further pun on sweets of “Sweet William” in line 4.
- Conversely, the reference to rose may be a pun on Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton.
- lovely contains a veiled phonetic anagram of “evil” (“evol”) signifying the way something of apparent beauty hides an inner vice which is the whole essence of this sonnet.
- The word lose is enclosed in the word enclose which is revealed explicitly in the final couplet.
- rose is capitalised in the Quarto: “Rose”.
- This is an o sonnet: heavy use of key words that include o features throughout with the pairing of O and enclose in line 4 to round off this quatrain.
- in what sweets dost thou thy sins enclose sums up the sonnet’s presentation of apparently sweet words that veil vices.
That tongue that tells
the story of thy days,
Making lascivious
comments on thy sport,
Cannot dispraise, but in a kind of praise,
Naming thy name, blesses an ill
report.
- “You can tell contemporary tales and are just as able to be lascivious and ameliorate an otherwise lewd text with your name, e.g. Sonnet 136.”
- Pun on ill for “Will”: the vice ill is veiled by his name “Will” - naming his name blesses an ill report by changing it to a “Will” report.
- tells also phonetically veils the word “ill” (“ell”).
- lascivious also veils a phonetic anagram of the word “evil” (“ivil”).
- lascivious also veils a phonetic anagram of the word “vices” (“vicis”).
- The budding name of Q1 now becomes a full naming thy name, reinforcing the preoccupation in the first 2 quatrains of the importance of the subject’s name.
- Another o based quatrain.
O, what a mansion
have those vices
got
Which for their habitation chose
out thee,
Where beauty's veil
doth
cover every blot
And all things turns to fair that eyes can see!
- “I am full of vices that are disguised by my graces that seduces others’ view of me.”
- Virtual euphoria at his own paradox.
- Mansion conveys the enormity of the vices as well as the space in which they are able to be disguised. Mansion is a euphemism for the human body and may contain a pun on "man".
- The word veil itself veils the word “ill” (“il”) that it contains.
- The word veil is also an anagram of “evil”.
- Mid-line rhyme of those and chose.
Take heed,
dear
heart, of this large privilege:
The hardest knife
ill used doth lose his
edge.
- “Keep your wits about you; keep them sharp; vice is the spice of life but take heed.”
- The address to dear heart reinforces the sonnet being directed at the author himself rather than at some other person, as “dear love” or similar would have done.
- The personification of the knife as his (instead of “its”) again correlates the subject with a male, and possibly the author.
- Vice was a character in the old morality plays who was commonly represented by a dagger, so vice is metaphorically alluded to again here in knife.
- Transformation of heed to heart to hardest.
- The word privilege again “veils” the word “ill” (“il”) that it contains.
- The word privilege also contains an anagram of “evil”.
- ill is now explicitly used in the conclusion to the sonnet thereby “unveiling” it.
- ill used also contains a phonetic anagram of “evil” (euil”).
- The word privilege is subsequently echoed in ill...edge.
Critical text © NigelDavies.home@Virgin.net