 Reference Site Map |
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Other Abbreviation and Acronym Sites |
| abbr. - abbreviation, abbreviated | abr. - abridged, abridgment |
| acad. - academic, academy | adj. - adjective, adjourned, adjustment |
| adm. - administration, admiral | adv. - adverb |
| agr. / agri. / agric. - agricultural, agriculture | anon. - anonymous - author unknown |
| app. - appended, appendix, appointed | approx. - approximately |
| assn. - association | b. - base, bass, bat, battery, bay, book, born, brother |
| bact. - bacteria, bacteriology | bap. - baptized |
| bib. - Bible, biblical | bibliog. - bibliographer, bibliography, bibliographic |
| biog. - biographer, biography, biographical | biol. - biology |
| bk. - bank, block, book | bkg. - banking |
| bldg. - building | blvd. - boulevard |
| bot. - botanical, botany | bp. - bishop |
| brig. - brigade, brigadier | brig. gen. - brigadier general |
| bro. - brother | bur. - bureaus |
| c. - circa - about, used to cite doubtful dates in history | ca. - circa - about, approximate dates used in narrative |
| c.a. - chartered accountant, chief accountant, commercial agent, consular agent, controller of accounts | cal. - calendar, caliber, small calorie |
| cap. - capital, capitalize | capt. - captain |
| cath. - cathedral | cc / cc. / c.c. - cubic centimeters |
| cent. - centigrade, centimeter, central, century | cf. - Latin confer = compare |
| ch. - chaplain, chapter, check (chess), chief, child, children, Latin chirurgia = surgery, church | chap. - chaplain, chapter |
| chem. - chemical, chemist, chemistry | chm. - chairman, checkmate (chess) |
| chron. - chronology | cir. /circ. - circular, Latin circa = about |
| cit. - citation, cited, citizen | civ. - civil, civilian |
| clk. - clerk | cm / cm. - centimeter(s) |
| co. - company, county | c.o. / c/o - care of, carried over |
| c.o.d. - cash on delivery, collect on delivery | col. - collected, collector, college, colonel, colonial, colony, column |
| colloq. - colloquial, colloquialism | com. - comedy, command, commandant, commerce, commercial, commission(er), committee, commodore, common, communication, community |
| comdr. - commander | comr. - commissioner |
| comp. - compiler, compiled by | con. - concerto, consolidated, consul |
| cond. - conductor, conducted by | conf. - conference |
| cong. - congress | consol. - consolidated |
| constr. - construction | cont. - containing, contents, continent, continental, continue, continued |
| cont. / contd. - continued | corp. - corporal, corporation |
| cp. - candlepower, compare | cpl. - corporal |
| cr. - credit, creditor, creek | crit. - criticism |
| ct. - carat, cent, court | cu. - cubic |
| cwt. - hundredweight | d. - dam (pedigrees), date, daughter, day(s), dead, democrat, density, diameter, died |
| d. - pence, penny | dec. - deceased, declaration, declension, declination, decrease, Italian deprescendo = decreasing in loudness (music), |
| def. - definition, definite | deg. - degree(s) |
| dep. - department, departure, deposit, depot, deputy | dept. - department, deputy |
| der. / deriv. - derivation, derivative | diag. - diagram |
| dial. - dialect | dict. - dictionary |
| dim. - Italian diminuendo = diminishing in loudness (music) | dipl. - diplomat, diplomatic |
| dir. - director, directed by | disc. - discount, discovered |
| dist. - distinguished, district | distr. - distribution, distributed by |
| div. - dividend, division, divorced | dm / dm. - decameter, decimeter |
| do. - Latin ditto = the same | doc. - document |
| doz. - dozen | dpt. - department |
| dr. - debit, debtor, drachma, dram | d.t. - delirium tremens, double time |
| dup. / dupl. - duplicate | dwt. - pennyweight |
| e / e. - erg, errors (Baseball) | ea. - each |
| eccl. / eccles. - ecclesiastical | ecol. - ecology |
| econ. - economic, economics, economy | ed. - editor, edited, edited by, edition, editor eds. - editors |
| e.g. - Latin exempli gratia = for example | elec. / elect. - electric, electrical, electrician, electricity |
| elev. - elevation | emp. - emperor, empire, empress |
| e.m.u. - electromagnetic unit | enc. - enclosed |
| ency. / encyc. / encycl. - encyclopedia | eng. - engineer, engineering, engraved |
| entom. / entomol. - entomologist, entomology | esp. - especially |
| est. - established, estimate | et al. - Latin et alibi = and elsewhere,
Latin et alii, et aliae = and others |
| et passim. - and here and there - Used to cite non-sequential pagination | et seq. - Latin et sequens = and the following, Latin et sequentes or seqentia = and those that follow, meaning the pages that follow |
| etc. - Latin et cetera = and so forth | ex. - examined, example |
| exch. - exchange, exchequer | exec. - executive, executor |
| ex lib. - Latin ex libris = from the books of | f - Italian forte = loud (music) |
| f. - farad, father, farthing, fathom, feminine, fluid (ounce), folio (size), following, franc, frequency | fac. / fax - facsimile |
| fed. - federal, federated, federation | fem. - female, feminine |
| ff - Italian fortissimo = very loud (music); ff - folios (several sheets of folio size, or pages following) | ff. / fol. - folios, following |
| fig. - figure | fin. - finance |
| fl. - florin, flourished, fluid | fn. - footnote |
| fr. - fragment, franc, from | ft = feet, foot; ft. - fort |
| fwd. - foreword, foreword by | g / g. / gm - gram |
| gal / gall. - gallon | gaz. - gazette, gazetteer |
| gen. - gender, genera, general, genus | geog. - geographer, geographical, geography |
| geol. - geologic, geologist, geology | geom. - geometric, geometry |
| gloss. - glossary | gov. - governor |
| govt. - government | gr - grain(s), gram(s) |
| gram. - grammar, grammarian | hab. corp. - Latin habeas corpus = that you have the body |
| her. - heraldry | hist. - historian, historical, history |
| hort. - horticultural, horticulture | hr - hour(s) |
| ht. - height | ib. / ibid. - Latin ibidem = in the same place of the work as cited immediately above |
| id. - Latin idem = the same | i.e. - Latin id est = that is |
| illus. - illustrator, illustration, illustrated by | imp. - imperative, imperial, imports, Latin imprimatur = let it be printed |
| in. - inch, inches | in loc. cit. - Latin in loco citato = in the place cited |
| in re - in the matter of | inc. - including, income, incorporated |
| ins. - inches, insurance | inst. - instant, institute, institution |
| intl. - international | introd. - introduction, introduced by |
| is. - island, isle | jour. - journal |
| jr. - junior | jud. - judicial |
| k. - kilo, kilogram, thousand | kg - kilogram (note: no period after kg) |
| kilo. - kilogram, kilometer | km - kilometer (note: no period after km) |
| kt. - carat | kw - kilowatt (note: no period after kw) |
| l - liter | l, ll - line, lines |
| lab. - laboratory | lang. - language |
| lat. - latitude | lb - Latin libra = pound |
| lib. - liberal, library, librarian | lieut. / lt. - lieutenant |
| lit. - literally, literary, literature | ltd. - limited |
| loc. cit. - l.c. - Latin loco citato = in the place cited; in the same passage, same work, same page, by same publisher and same author as cited previously. | lon. / long. - longitude |
| m. - male, married, meridian, Latin meridies = noon, meter, mile, minute, month |
mach. - machine, machinist |
| mag. - magazine | maj. - major |
| mas. / masc. - masculine | math. - mathematician, mathematics |
| mdse. - merchandise | mech. - mechanical, mechanics |
| med. - medical, medicine, medieval | mem. / memo - Latin memento = remember, memorandum |
| mfg. - manufacturing | mfr. - manufacture, manufacturer |
| mg / mg. / mgm - milligram | mgr. - manager |
| mi - miles, mill (note: no period after mi) | misc. - miscellaneous |
| ml / ml. - milliliter | mm - millimeter(s), Latin millia = thousands |
| mo. - month(s) | mod. - moderate, modern |
| ms. / mss. - manuscript, manuscripts | mt. / mts. - mount, mountain, mountains |
| mus. - museum, music, musician | n / nn - note, notes |
| n. - noun | narr. - narrator, narrated by |
| natl. - national | nav. - naval, navigation |
| n.b. - Latin nota bene = mark well, take notice, note well | n.d. - no date of publication |
| n.n. - no name | neg. - negative |
| no. - number | non seq. - Latin non sequitur = it does not follow |
| n.p. - no place of publication, no publisher | n. pag. - no page number |
| obit. - obituary | obj. - object, objective |
| op. cit. - Latin opere citato = in the work cited, but not the same page | orch. - orchestra, orchestrated by |
| orig. - original, originally | oz. - ounce (Italian abbrev. of onza) |
| p. / pp. - page, pages | par. - paragraph, parallel |
| passim - here and there | pat. /patd. - patent, patented |
| pct. - percent | p.d. - Latin per diem = by the day |
| pen. - peninsular | per se - by itself, of itself |
| perf. - performer, performed by | philos. - philosopher, philosophy |
| phys. - physical, physician, physicist, physics | pl. - plate, plural |
| ppd. - postpaid, prepaid | pref. - preface, preface by |
| prin. - principal, principle | prod. - produced by, producer, production |
| pro tem. - Latin pro tempore = for the time being | pron. - pronoun, pronunciation |
| pseud. - pseudonym - pen name | psych. / psychol. - psychological, psychologist, psychology |
| pt - pint (note: no period after pt) | pt. - part, payment, point, port |
| pub. / publ. - public, publisher, publication, published by | pwt - pennyweight (note: no period after pwt) |
| q. - quarto, question | q.v. - Latin quod vide - which see |
| qr. - quarter | qt - quart (note: no period after qt) |
| qt. - quiet (slang) | qtd. - quoted |
| ques. - question | quot. - quotation |
| r.b.i. / rbi / RBI - run(s) batted in (Baseball) | quot. - quotation |
| rec. - receipt, recipe, record, recorded | ref. - referee, reference, reformed |
| reg. - regent, regiment, region, registered, registrar, regular, regulation | rel. - release |
| rev. - review, reviewed by, revision, revised, revised by | riv. - river |
| rpm - revolutions per minute | rps - revolutions per second |
| rpt. - reprint, reprinted by | s. - saint, second, semi-, shilling, silver, sire, solo, son, soprano, south |
| sc. - scene | sch. - school |
| sci. - science, scientific, scientist | sculp / sculp. - sculptor, sculptural, sculpture |
| sec - secant, second(s) | sec. / secy. - secretary |
| sec. / sect. - section | ser. - series |
| serg. / sergt. / sgt. - sergeant | [sic.] - thus in the source (exactly as quoted) |
| sing. - singular | sol. - solicitor |
| sp. - special, species, specific, specimen, spelling, spirit | sq. - square, sequence |
| sub. - submarine, substitute, suburb | subj. - subject, subjective, subjunctive |
| sup. - superior, supplement, supply, (Latin supra = above), supreme | supt. - superintendent |
| surg. - surgeon, surgery | sym. - symbol, symphony |
| syn. - synonym, synonymous | t. - temperature, tempo, (Latin tempore = in the time of), tenor, tense (grammar), territory, time, ton(s), town, transitive, troy (weight) |
| tbs. / tbsp. - tablespoon | tel. - telegram, telegraph, telephone |
| temp. - temperature, temporary | terr. - territory |
| theol. - theologian, theological, theology | topog. - topographical, topography |
| trans. / tr. - translated by, translation, translator | treas. - treasurer, treasury |
| trig. / trigon. - trigonometric, trigonometry | tsp. - teaspoon |
| twp. - township | ult. - ultimate |
| univ. - universal, university | usu. - usually |
| uv - ultraviolet (note: no period after uv) | v. - verb, verse, versus, Latin vide = see, voltage, von (German name), v. = toward, opposite |
| var. - variant | vb. - verb |
| vers. - version | vet. - veteran, veterinary |
| vide ante- see the preceding | vide infra - see below or the following |
| vide supra - see above | viz. - Latin videlicet = namely |
| vol. - volcano, volume | vox. pop. - Latin vox populi = voice of the people |
| v.p. - vice president, vice principal | v.s. - Latin vide supra = see above |
| vs. / v. - Latin versus = against (In legal citations, italicize names of litigants) | vs. / vss. - verse, verses |
| wpm - words per minute | writ. - writer, written by |
| wt - weight (no period after wt) | yd - yard(s) |
| yr - year | zn = zinc |
Note: When documenting sources using MLA style, the normal punctuations are omitted for degrees when used in parentheses, tables, works cited, footnotes, endnotes, etc. For example, B.A. is written as BA. Other abbreviations retain the periods if applicable, e.g. acad., bib., misc.
Italics = Latin
| BA - Bachelor of Arts | BBA - Bachelor of Business Administration |
| BS - Bachelor of Science | DA - Doctor of Arts |
| EdD - Doctor of Education | JD - Doctor of Law |
| LLB - Bachelor of Laws (legum baccalaureus) | LLD - Doctor of Laws (legum doctor) |
| LLM - Master of Laws (legum magister) | MA - Master of Arts |
| MBA - Master of Business Administration | MD - Doctor of Medicine (medicinae doctor) |
| MS - Master of Science | PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
Abbreviation from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Types of abbreviations include acronym and initialism (including three-letter acronyms), apocope, clipping, elision, syncope, syllabic abbreviation, and portmanteau.
Abbreviations. Correct usage of abbreviations, from Styleguide, Carnegie Mellon University (CMU).
Abbreviations (Music) from Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music.
Abbreviations, acronyms, trivial und trade names from Chemistry Biology Pharmacy Information Center, Zürich. Note: "und" is German for "and". Original title in German: Abkürzungen, Akronyme, Trivial- und Handelsnamen. Search uncommon abbreviations by alphabet, or search by abbreviation.
Abbreviations and Acronyms. On the correct usage of abbreviations and acronyms, from Style Guide, University of Colorado at Boulder.
Abbreviations and Official Names from Style Guide for Editors and Proofreaders of IDRC Books, Archive of International Development Research Centre (IDRC). Note: The two-letter designation for the Province of Québec is no longer PQ, but QC.
Abbreviations of Chemical Compounds. Example: Type in your keywords to search, e.g. asa = Results for ASA
- acetylsalicylic acid
+ CH3-COO-2-C6H4-COOH
+ 2-acetyloxy benzoic acid.
Abbreviations of University Degrees from everything2.com. See also:
AbbreviationZ: The A to Z of Acronyms & Abbreviations on the Net. The Opaui Guide to Lists of Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Initialisms on the World Wide Web.
ABC of Bulletin Board Terms for posting messages on Bulletin Boards, from BabyCentre.co.uk. Examples: AKA = Also known as, LOL = Laughing out loud, BTW = By the way, CUL = See you later, Yw/Ty = You're welcome/thank you. Emotions: :) or :-) = Smiling (Happy), :( or :-( = Frowning (Sad), :-o = Shouting, xxooxxoo = Love (or hugs) & kisses. See also Shorthand and Meaning from Genealogy.com. (Scroll way down the page to view Shorthand). Examples:
About.com: U.S. Government Acronyms and Abbreviations. A handy list of acronyms and abbreviations commonly used in United States Government. Where possible, links to related agencies, offices or related information are provided.
Acronym Finder. Look up acronyms, abbreviations and their meanings.
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Acronym Search. Your source for acronyms and abbreviations.
Acronyms & Abbreviations. Links compiled by Cheryl Nyberg, University of Washington School of Law, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library.
Acronyms and Abbreviations - in PDF, 6 pages from Air University Catalog, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.
Acronyms and Abbreviations Dictionary from businessballs.com.
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used at MIT from Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Acronyms and Abbreviations. List of acronyms and abbreviations used by Industry Canada sectors, branches, products, programs and services.
Acronyms Used in International Trade - in PDF, 17 pages. List of acronyms assembled by Nathan Associates Inc.
Air Traffic Management Glossary of Terms - Acronym - Meaning from Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC), U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Appendix A - International Abbreviations from CIA - The World Factbook.
ArgosBiotech: Directory of Abbreviations commonly used in biotechnology, biochemistry and the life sciences.
BABEL: A Glossary of Computer Oriented Abbreviations and Acronyms by Irving & Richard Kind.
Browse Acronyms & Abbreviations by Category from AbbreviationZ.com. Currently with over 411,330 Entries, 134 Categories, 311 Editors + MetaSearch. Top 100 Acronyms and Abbreviations.
Canadian Government Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Initialisms from Wilfrid Laurier University Library, Waterloo, ON.
The Canonical Astronomy Abbrev/Acro List. Astronomy abbreviations and acronyms.
Common Abbreviations from Fact Monster for kids.
Common Abbreviations, Common Symbols, Acronyms for Organizations, and Acronyms for Study Groups from Web-based Training Modules funded by the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program.
Common Abbreviations from University of Alabama Editorial Style Manual. Includes: commonly used Academic Degrees and their abbreviations, Days of the Week and Months, State and Postal Abbreviations, and Time Terminology.
Common Abbreviations - Acronyms from U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).
Common Abbreviations from U.S. Department of State.
Common Abbreviations and Acronynms from AllEarsNet.com - Deb's Unofficial Walt Disney World Information Guide.
Common Abbreviations and Acronyms in Electronics.
Common Abbreviations in Writing.
Common Abbreviations of Biochemical Terms from Metabolic Pathways of Biochemistry, the online reference of metabolism for students, scientists, and the world.
Common Abbreviations Used in International Narcotics Control Strategy Report.
Common Medical and Biophysical Abbreviations.
Common Proofreading Symbols and Common Proofreading Abbreviations from Capital Community College, Hartford CT.
Common Proofreading Symbols - in PDF from Nebraska Romance Writers.
Commonly Used Abbreviations for Birds from 4 Our Birds.
Computer Concepts: Do You Know? How to Use Common Abbreviations and Acronyms from EMC/Paradigm Publishing: College Resource Center.
Dictionary of Abbreviations and Acronyms in Geographic Information Systems, Cartography, and Remote Sensing from University of California, Berkeley, by Philip Hoehn and Mary Lynette Larsgaard. Designed by John Creaser. This dictionary decodes abbreviations and acronyms found in various publications including maps and websites. Browse A-Z, Numbers, Other Lists.
The Great Three-Letter Abbreviation Hunt and The Four-Letter Abbreviation Hunt.
How HTML acronyms and abbreviations can help online journalism by Adrian Holovaty. "... every acronym and abbreviation in a news story should be defined."
HyperWar - World War II on the WorldWideWeb - Abbreviations, Acronyms, Codewords, Terms.
Inter Active Terminology for Europe (IATE). European Commissions multilingual term bank. The automatic dictionary was launched in 1964. Entries are classified into 48 subject fields (ranging from medicine to public administration). Languages include Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish. A typical entry contains the term itself and its synonyms, together with definitions, explanatory notes, references, etc. At present the term bank contains about 5,500,000 entries (terms and abbreviations), subdivided into more than 800 collections.
Internet Acronym Server. Search for acronyms and for words used in acronyms. What's an Acronym? History of Acronyms.
List of acronyms and initialisms: 0-9, A-Z from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
List of Government Acronyms compiled by Deborah Hollis and Norberto Lozoya-Escobar, edited by Jennie Gerke, from University of Colorado at Boulder (UCB) Libraries. Search acronyms by first letter: A-Z.
List of U.S. Army acronyms and expressions from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Marines Acronym Listing A-Z from Official Marine Corps Web Site.
Medical Abbreviations Dictionary. A dictionary of over 200,000 medical, pharmaceutical, biomedical & healthcare acronyms and abbreviations, from MediLexicon. See also Common Medical Abbreviations from GlobalRPH.com.
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Medical Abbreviations - Free Online Version A - Z by Adrian M. Padurean, from Börm Bruckmeier Publishing.
Military Abbreviations and Acronyms of the US Armed Forces.
Military Abbreviations, Terms and Meanings - in PDF, 3 pages from Canadian Service Personnel military files, World War I.
Military Acronyms, Initialisms, and Abbreviations.
MilitaryWords.com. Military Words - site contains over 5,700 US Department of Defense terms and over 100,000 military and government acronyms and abbreviations.
Music Abbreviations from Abbreviations.com.
Organizational Acronyms - mainly for United States.
Physics Abbreviations from Abbreviations.com. Symbols and Abbreviations (Physics) by Kenneth R. Kehler. List of Common Physics Abbreviations from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Rx Riddles Solved! from Medical Library Association.
State Abbreviations and State Postal Codes from Fact Monster.
Telecommunications and Virtual Phone System Glossary of Terms from Freedom800. Commonly used terms include: ACD. ANI, ANSI, FDDI, ISDN, IVR, PBX, PDF, POTS, PSTN, SMS, SMS800, SOHO, TIF, VoIP.
US Army Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms (ABCA). Records Management and Declassification Agency. Search U.S. Army exact Abbreviation, Brevity Code, or Acronym, Acronym begins with, Acronym (wild card), Reverse lookup (Keywords), or Search by Criteria.
U.S. Government Acronyms and Abbreviations from About.com. See also GovSpeak: A Guide to Government Acronyms &s; Abbreviations by Kelly L. Smith.
United States Postal Service - Official USPS Abbreviations. State Abbreviations, Street Suffixes - abbreviations for Annex, Avenue, Boulevard ... Secondary Unit Designators - abbreviations for Apartment, Basement, Floor ...
Usenet Abbreviations and Acronyms by Dr J R Stockton, Surrey, UK.
Vietnam Veteran Marines Glossary: A-Z. Americans in Vietnam had their own unique language, and each unit had its own dialect. In the CAPs (Combined Action Program Marines), their dialect took words from English, Vietnamese and French, with expressions borrowed from street slang, Marine jargon, rock-and-roll and many other sources.
