Amendments to the Constitution
Amendments 1-8 were so extensive we incorporated them directly into the Constitution.

Amendment No. 9
Section 1. All presidential appointments to the federal judiciary, including Supreme Court Justices and Federal District Judges, shall be subject to approval by a majority of the Chamber of Deputies until such time as the Senate becomes an active body.

Section 2. All presidential appointments to the federal judiciary, including Supreme Court Justices and Federal District Judges, shall be subject to approval by a majority of the Senate after such time as the Senate becomes an active body.

Amendment No. 10
Section 1. There shall be created in the Executive Branch the office of Vice-President.

Section 2. The Vice-President shall be elected in the same time and manner as the President.

Section 3. the Presidency when the President is incapacitated or absent. The Vice-President shall become the President upon the permanent incapacitation or absence of the President.

Section 4. The Vice-President shall preside over the Cyberian Senate at such time as that body commences operations.

Section 5. The Vice-President shall otherwise assist the President in the performance of his or her duties.

Amendment No. 11
Section 1. The following cabinet positions shall cease to exist:
Minister of Territorial Affairs
Minister of Trade and Industry
Minister of Health and Social Security
Minister of Education
Minister of Transportation
Minister of Fisheries and the Environment

Section 2: The duties of all the cabinet positions mentioned in Section 1 shall be vested in a single Minister of Internal Affairs.

Amendment No. 12
Section 1. Proportional representation for the Chamber of Deputies shall be 1 seat per 5 citizens, instead of 1 seat per 3.

Section 2. This amendment shall take affect two sessions after it is ratified.


Amendment No. 13
Section 1. All of Article VIII, Section 1 of the Constitution, after the first paragraph, is hereby repealed.

Section 2. All rights and restrictions in this Article are fully applicable to, and enforceable against, all levels of government in Cyberia, including federal, provincial, local and municipal governments.

Section 3. The following Sections shall be added to Article VIII, immediately following Section 3:

Section 4. The government shall make no law abridging or restricting freedom of speech, expression or assembly.

Section 5. The government shall make no law respecting any establishment or belief of religion, including any law favoring or disfavoring religion in any manner. The government shall make no law prohibiting the free, nongovernmental exercise of religion.

Section 6. The government shall make no law abridging the rights of adult citizens of sound mind and lawful character to lawfully own and bear arms, requiring citizens to quarter soldiers, or restricting the rights of citizens to petition the government for redress of grievances.

Section 7. All persons shall be free in their persons, bodies, homes, properties and effects from unreasonable searches and seizures and warrants for searches and seizures shall not issue except upon probable cause shown to a neutral and disinterested magistrate.

Section 8. All persons shall be guaranteed due process of law in all criminal and administrative procedures. No person shall be compelled to incriminate him or herself in any criminal or administrative proceeding. The government shall not restrict the right to own private property and shall not take the property of any person without offering just compensation therefore.

Section 9. The government shall enforce all laws equally, without regard to a person's race, national origin, religion or lack thereof, gender, sexual orientation, disability or handicap, age, economic status, previous condition of servitude or any other distinguishing characteristic not acquired by the voluntary choice of that person. All persons shall enjoy the equal protection of the laws.

Section 10. Any person accused of crimes shall be guaranteed a speedy and fair trial by a jury of his/her peers, information of the nature and cause of the accusation, the right to confront his/her accusers in a court of law and the right to present a defense with the effective assistance of counsel.

Section 11. Excessive bail and fines shall not be imposed and there shall be an absolute prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments, including, but not limited to, the death penalty.

Section 12. Persons shall be guaranteed the right to privacy in their personal lives and this right shall not be violated except under a warrant issued by a neutral and disinterested magistrate upon the presentation of probable cause of the commission of a crime by the person the warrant is issued against. The right of a woman to obtain an abortion shall not be abridged by the government nor shall the government make any law abridging the right to marry or procreate or to utilize methods of contraception.

Section 13. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude (the exception being punishment for a crime committed) shall exist in Cyberia. No person shall be forced or drafted into serving in the armed forces of Cyberia or any Province against his/her own will.

Section 14. All powers not delegated to Cyberia by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the Provinces, shall be reserved to the Provinces, or to the people.

Section 15. These rights shall be embodied by the National Assembly with appropriate legislation, enforced by the President, and shall pertain to all levels of government in Cyberia as well.


Amendment No. 14
The President shall not be required to be non-partisan, although he should serve the interests of the entire nation, and not just of his party.


Amendment No. 15
No member of the National Assembly shall, during the time for which he or she was elected, be appointed to any other civil office except for Cabinet members to the President, which shall have been created under the laws of Cyberia or any province. No person holding a provincial or local office shall be a member of the Assembly during his or her continuance in office. Members of the Assembly elected to the Presidency or other non-Assembly elected posts or appointed to any non-Assembly   office, excluding the Cabinet, shall be required to resign their seats in the Assembly before assuming the non-Assembly office.   No person shall stand for election to more than one electoral office simultaneously.


Amendment No. 16
The President must be a citizen of Cyberia. The President must not hold any other elected or appointed office for the whole of Cyberia or for one of its provinces or territories.


Amendment No. 17
Section 1: The title of ‘deputy at large’ is amended to ‘deputy’ and the title ‘deputy for a province’ is amended to ‘senator’.

Section 2: If the seat of a deputy becomes vacant a new deputy shall be appointed by the President to serve the remainder of the term of office of the vacating deputy.

Section 2.1: If the former deputy was a member of a political party the appointment shall be made by and with the advice and consent of the party of the former deputy.

Section 2.2: If the former deputy was an independent the appointment shall be made from among those citizens who independents.

Section 3: If the seat of a senator becomes vacant a new senator shall be appointed by the Governor of the province where the former senator was elected to serve the remainder of the term of office of the former senator.

Section 3.1: If the former senator was a member of a political party the appointment shall be made by and with the advice and consent of the party of the former senator.

Section 3.2: If the former senator was an independent the appointment shall be made from among those citizens who independents.

Section 4: Where the Constitution of a Province provides for a popular election to fill a vacancy for senator for the Province, the Constitution of the Province is to prevail over this Amendment.


Amendment No. 18
Section 1: There shall be an Electoral Commissioner who shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Chamber of Deputies and (when established) the Senate.

Section 2: Purposely left blank.

Section 3: The Electoral Commissioner shall be independent, and subject only to the Constitution and the law, and they must be impartial and must exercise their powers and perform their functions without fear, favour or prejudice.

Section 4: The Electoral Commissioner may not hold any elective office; an Electoral Commissioner who nominates for such an office is deemed to have resigned.

Section 5: No-one may interfere with the functioning of the Electoral Commissioner.

Section 6: The Electoral Commissioner is accountable to the National Assembly, and must report on their activities and the performance of their functions to the Assembly at least once a year.

Section 7: The Electoral Commissioner shall -

Section 7.1: assist the President in administerin the census and be kept informed by the President of all census information;

Section 7.2: conduct federal, provincial and local election;

Section 7.3: ensure that those elections are free and fair; and

Section 7.4: declare the results of those elections within a period that must be as short as reasonably possible.

Section 8: The actions of the Electoral Commissioner are subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court.

Section 9: The Electoral Commissioner is subject to impeachment, in addition the Supreme Court may suspend the Electoral Commissioner for proven misbehavior on the application of the National Assembly, the President, or the head of any political party.


Amendment No. 19
Section l: The President may appoint ministers to administer such departments of the Commonwealth as the President may establish.

Section 2: Until the National Assembly otherwise provides, the Ministers shall not exceed seven in number, and shall hold such offices as the National Assembly prescribes, or, in the absence of provision, as the President directs.


Amendment No. 20
Section 1: The Cabinet-level position of Director of the Census shall be created. The Director of the Census shall have the responsibility of conducting the Cyberian Census as prescribed by the Constitution and this Amendment. The Director of the Census shall be appointed by the same procedure as other Cabinet officers and shall be subject to impeachment as prescribed by the Constitutution.

Section 2: Three (3) weeks prior to each election for the Chamber of Deputies, the Director of the Census shall consult the current Citizens List and send each citizen on the list an e-mail requesting each citizen to indicate whether he/she intends to continue to be a Cyberian citizen. Only those citizens who respond to the e-mail in a positive manner by the end of the day of the election shall be included in the new Citizens List and be counted as Cyberian Citizens. The casting of a vote in the Chamber election shall be considered a positive response to the e-mail as will a positive response to the e-mail, either by return e-mail to the Director of the Census or by posting such response on any of Cyberia’s public forums.

Section 2.1: The Director of the Census shall post the current Citizens List on the Cyberian Website within one (1) week of the date of the Chamber election.

Section 3: Any citizen who is removed from the Citizens List for failure to comply with the requirements of Section 2 of this Amendment shall be allowed to automatically reinstate his/her citizenship by e-mailing his/her expressed desire to do so to the Director of the Census. Such automatic reinstatement shall be available to such former citizens until the next Chamber election after they are removed from the Citizens List. After that, such former citizens must reapply in the normal fashion.

Amendment No. 21
1. INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM AND RECALL. The Cyberian people may propose and enact laws by the initiative, and approve or reject acts of the National Assembly by the referendum. The Cyberian people may also remove their elected representatives by the recall.

2. APPLICATION. An initiative or referendum is proposed by an application containing the bill to be initiated or the act to be referred. The application must be signed by not less than 3 qualified voters as sponsors, and must be filed with the Electoral Commissioner, who must if it is in proper form so certify. Denial of certification is to be subject to judicial review.

3. PETITION. After certification of the application, a petition containing a summary of the subject matter must be prepared by the Electoral Commissioner for circulation by the sponsors. If signed by qualified voters, equal in number to 20 per cent of those who voted in the preceding federal election and resident in at least half of the Provinces and Territories of the Commonwealth, it may be filed with the Electoral Commissioner.

4. INITIATIVE ELECTION. An initiative petition may be filed at any time. The Electoral Commissioner must prepare a ballot title and proposition summarizing the proposed law, and must place them on the ballot for the first federal election held more than 21 days after the filing. If, before the election, substantially the same measure has been enacted, the petition is void.

5. REFERENDUM ELECTION. A referendum petition may be filed only within 14 days after the act was passed. The Electoral Commissioner must prepare a ballot title and proposition summarizing the act and must place them on the ballot for the first federal election held more than 21 days the filing.

6. ENACTMENT. If a majority of the votes cast on the proposition favour its adoption and that majority is equal to at least 60% of the number who voted in the preceding federal election, the initiated measure is enacted, otherwise it is rejected.

6.1 The Electoral Commissioner must certify the election returns.
6.2 An initiated law becomes effective 7 days after certification, is not subject to veto, and may not be repealed by the National Assembly within 6 months of its effective date. It may be amended at any time.
6.3 An act rejected by referendum is void 7 days after certification.
6.4 Additional procedures for the initiative and referendum may be prescribed by the electoral code.

7. RESTRICTIONS.

7.1 The initiative must not be used to dedicate revenues, make or repeal appropriations, create courts, define the jurisdiction of courts or prescribe their rules, or enact local or special legislation.
7.2 The referendum must not be applied to dedications of revenue, to appropriations, to local or special legislation, or to laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety.

8. RECALL. Recall is the power of the electors to remove an elective officer.

8.1 Recall of an officer is initiated by delivering to the Electoral Commissioner a petition alleging reason for recall. Sufficiency of reason is not reviewable. Proponents have 10 days to file signed petitions.
8.2 A petition to recall a President or Vice-President must be signed by electors equal in number to 20 percent of the last vote for the office, with signatures from at least half the Provinces or Territories equal in number to 1 percent of the last vote for the office in the Province or Territory.
8.3 Signatures to recall Deputies and Senators must equal in number 20 percent of the last vote for the office.
8.4 An election to determine whether to recall an officer and, if appropriate, to elect a successor must be called by the Electoral Commissioner and held not less than 20 days nor more than 30 days from the date of certification of sufficient signatures.
8.5 If the majority vote on the question is to recall, the officer is removed and, if there is a candidate, the candidate elected as the successor is to serve the remainder of the unexpired term.
8.6 Deputies may only be recalled by a petition for the dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies as a whole.
8.7 The officer may not be a candidate in the election of their successor under this Section.
8.8 Another recall may not be initiated against the officer until 6 months after the election.
8.9 Additional procedures for the recall may be prescribed by the electoral code.
8.10 The electoral code must provide for recall of provincial, territorial and local officers. This section does not affect Provinces and Territories whose Constitutions provide for recall, or Localities whose charters provide for recall.

Amendment No. 22
1 RIGHT TO VOTE. Every citizen of the Commonwealth may vote in any federal, provincial, territorial or local election save that they must be resident of the province, territory or locality concerned.

2 DISQUALIFICATIONS. No person may vote who has been convicted of a felony involving moral turpitude unless their civil rights have been restored. No person may vote who has been judicially determined to be of unsound mind unless the disability has been removed.

3 ELECTORAL CODE. The National Assembly must pass an electoral code prescribing:

3.1 corrupt practices;
3.2 the timing of general elections;
3.3 an election process including a nominations deadline;
3.4 a process for challenging the result of an election according to law; and
3.5 such other matters as seem necessary.

4 METHOD OF VOTING The deputies, senators and president must be elected by the single, transferable vote.

5 SECRET BALLOT. Secrecy of voting must be preserved.

6 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION There must be an Electoral Commissioner who must be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Chamber of Deputies and (when established) the Senate.

6.1 The Electoral Commissioner must be independent, and subject only to the Constitution and the law, and they must be impartial and must exercise their powers and perform their functions without fear, favour or prejudice.
6.2 The Electoral Commissioner may not hold any elective office; an Electoral Commissioner who nominates for such an office is deemed to have resigned.
6.3 No-one may interfere with the functioning of the Electoral Commissioner.
6.4 The Electoral Commissioner is accountable to the National Assembly, and must report on their activities and the performance of their functions to the Assembly at least once a year.
6.5 The Electoral Commissioner must -
6.5.1 assist the President in administering the census and be kept informed by the President of all census information;
6.5.2 conduct federal, provincial and local elections;
6.5.3 ensure that those elections are free and fair; and
6.5.4 declare the results of those elections within a period that must be as short as reasonably possible.
6.6 The actions of the Electoral Commissioner are subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court.
6.7 The Electoral Commissioner is subject to impeachment, in addition the Supreme Court may suspend the Electoral Commissioner for proven misbehavior on the application of the National Assembly, the President, or the head of any political party.

7 ELECTION CHALLENGES. The procedure for determining election contests must include a right of appeal to the courts.

8 GENERAL ELECTIONS. General elections must be held on the first Saturday and Sunday in October, February, May and June in every year, but the month and day may be changed by law.

9 REPEAL. Amendment 18 is repealed. 1