FINAL EXAM/INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE/
AMERICAN NATIONAL GOVERNMENT/R. ZIEGLER
Name____________________________________

Part I Matching
__1. legislature
__2. incumbency
__3. reapportionment
__4. redistricting
__5. gerrymandering
__6. Baker v Carr
__7. Reynolds v Sims
__8. oversight
__9. Speaker of the House
__10. whip
__11. seniority
__12. chairman
__13. subcommittees
__14. cloture
__15. filibuster
__16. conference committee
__17. constituency
__18. rider
__19. service strategy
__20. veto
__21. Watergate
__22. Whitewater
__23. 25th Amendment
__24. impeachment
__25. 17th Amendment
__26. 22nd Amendment

















Part II Matching
__1. pork-barrel
__2. electoral college
__3. cabinet
__4. War Powers Act
__5. government corporations
__6. independent agencies
__7. civil service
__8. patronage
__9. regulatory agencies
__10. policy implementation
__11. spoils system
__12. whistle blowing
__13. bureaucracy
__14. judicial restraint
__15. dissenting opinion
__16. concurring decision
__17. majority decision
__18. original jurisdiction
__19. precedent
__20. senatorial courtesy
__21. writ of certiorari
__22. original intent
__23. judicial activism
__24. stare decisis
__25. amicus curiae
__26. Executive Office of the President



















Part III Matching
__1. statutory law
__2. regulatory law
__3. budget deficit
__4. federal debt
__5. demand side economics
__6. deregulation
__7. Social Security Trust Fund
__8. externalities
__9. fiscal policy
__10. monetary policy
__11. inflation
__12. disinflatioin
__13. stagflation
__14. laissez faire
__15. supply side economics
__16. Federal Reserve
__17. FTC
__18. EPA
__19. OMB
__20. entitlements
__21. in-kind benefits
__22. means test
__23. transfer payment
__24. feminization of poverty
__25. legislative veto
__26. impoundment



















Part IV Matching
__1. cold war
__2. containment
__3. detente
__4. deterrence
__5. MAD
__6. SDI
__7. globalization
__8. free trade
__9. MNE
__10. protectionism
__11. isolationism
__12. CIA
__13. Joint Chiefs of Staff
__14. IMF
__15. GATT
__16. conditionalities
__17. NATO
__18. Alan Greenspan
__19. Newt Gingrich
__20. Colin Powell
__21. Third World
__22. Sandra Day O'Connor
__23. William Rehnquist
__24. Clarence Thomas
__25. Bretton Woods
__26. North/South Controversy


Part V

__1. socialization of the fruits of production
__2. socialization of the means of production
__3. Security Council
__4. General Assembly
__5. Secretary-General
__6. balance of trade
__7. balance of payments
__8. debtor nation
__9. discount rate
__10. reserve requirement
__11. moral suasion
__12. open market operations
__13. margin requirement
__14. money supply
__15. MV = PQ
__16. stagflation
__17. disinflation
__18. Phillips Curve
__19. Laffer Curve
__20. negligence formula
__21. greenhouse effect
__22. privatization
__23. appropriate technologies
__24. Kyoto Treaty
__25. NGO's
__26. G-7
__27. nuclear proliferation
__28. Third Way
__29. Milton Friedman
__30. per capita GDP
__31. regressive tax
__32. safety net
__33. negative income tax
__34. rent control
__35. minimum wage law
__36. OSHA
__37. sophomore surge
__38. minority-majority districts
__39. discharge petition
__40. continuting resolution

 
Part VI
 
__1. FAS157
__2. Mark to Market
__3. Mark to Maturity
__4. Sarbanes-Oxley
__5. Fannie Mae
__6. Community Reinvestment Act
__7. Buycks-Roberson v Citibank Bank 162 F.R.D.338
__8. Barney Frank
__9. Franklin Raines
__10. Federal Housing Enterprise Regulatory Reform Act of 2005
__11. Lawrence v Texas
__12. Clinton Rossiter
__13. Richard Neustadt
__14. James David Barber
__15. Fred Greenstein
__16. Jones and Parini
__17. Arthur Schlesinger
__18. Robert Belosch
__19. Theodore White
__20. Philip Agee
__21. Mujahudeen
__22. Contras
__23. Sandinistas
__24. Allen Dulles
__25. William Casey
__26. Oliver North
 
 


Part VII
 
__1. charter of negative rights
__2. Everson vs Board of Education
__3. George Reedy
__4. Kelo vs City of New London, CN
__5. Ban Ky Moon
__6. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
__7. Ear Marks
__8. 17th Amendment
__9. John Roberts
__10. Samuel Alito
__11. District of Columbia v Heller
__12. Surge
__13. Muslim Brotherhood
__14. Hezbollah
__15. Hamas
__16. Fairness Doctrine
__17. Fair Tax
__18. Phillippe Calderon
__19. Boland Amendment
__20. Angela Merkle
__21. Nikolas Sarkozy
__22. William Sunquist
__23. Cap and Trade
__24. Anthony Downs
__25. Jose Padilla
__26. Ex Parte: Merryman













ANSWERS TO PART I MATCHING
A. the scandals that led to the resignation of Richard Nixon.
B. an amendment attached to a bill in the legislature that may be completely
unrelated to it.
C. a law-making body
D. provided a procedure for appointing a Vice President and for Presidential
disability.
E. 1960' s Supreme Court case mandating the redrawing of the districts of
members of 
    the US House after each census to keep them equal in population (one man,
one vote).
F. the official elected by the majority party in the House of Representatives
who is its
    presiding officer.
G. after each census the number of members of Congress alotted to each state
based on
    its population is reconfigured.
H. provided for the direct election of the US Senators from each state.
I. redrawing the districts of elected officials following on each census.
J. action by members of the Senate to block passage of a bill they know will
pass
    if a vote were held by holding the floor in debate until it is tabled.
K. where most of the work of Congress is done.
L. legislative act of charging an elected or appointed official with
wrongdoing for a vote 
    on removal from office.
M.  made up of members from both houses, its job is to work out differences
betweeen
    House and Senate passed versions of the bill.
N. a petition by 2/3 of the Senators to cut off debate to end a filibuster
and vote on a bill.
O.  those an elected official represents.
P.  refers to holding office.
Q.  Supreme Court applied the principle of one man, one vote to all
representative legislative bodies.
R. length of service which has much to do with a members power and rank in
Congress.
S. act of the president to reject a bill passed by the congress and sent to
him.
T.  limited the time anyone could serve as President.
U. the role of Congress in implementation and evaluation of policy.
V. the provision of assistance by elected officials to their constituencies.
W.  the most powerful person on a committee and its presiding officer.
X. the scandals involved around Clinton and his associates in land dealings
in Arkansas.
Y.  the redrawing of legislative district boundaries to favor one party or
group.
Z. the party member whose job it is to line up votes.



















ANSWERS TO PART II MATCHING
A. made up of the heads of the executive departments who meet to advise the
President.
B. act of reporting to proper authority or superiors unethical conduct of
colleagues.
C. practice of President taking suggestions of whom to appoint to open
federal judge seats
    from members of his own party in the Senate.
D. 'let the decision stand' -- means that a court decision in a case lets
established law rule.
E. Supreme Court determination to accept a case that has been brought to it.
F. past court decisions which constitute a body of law that courts draw upon
in making decisions
G. resulting from a compromise made at the Constitutional convention, it
actually elects the
    President and Vice President.
H. philosophy in jurisprudence that courts should seek to render decisions
based on what
    the Framers of the Constitution intended.
I. the area of authority in which a particular court can hear cases.
J. contemporary school of legal thinking which holds that courts should make
law where
    it has not been done by legislatures to fit the needs of modern society.
K. written by one of the Supreme Court Justices who prevail in a decision
expressing
    their reasoning in making the decision and which serves as basis for
other courts applying
    that decision in related cases.
L. the large body of governmental workers.
M. practice of assigning jobs to friends and supporters by a candidate who
wins election.
N. courts have ruled this kind of legislative veto invalid but not in this
case which orders
    a President to report to Congress and seek their approval if US troops
are deployed
    'in harm's way.'
O. examples would be the TVA, Amtrak, EX-IM Bank.
P. written by a Justice who agrees with the court's decision but for
different reasons.
Q. a brief in support of one side in a legal dispute before a court submitted
by counsel
    not directly involved in the litigation.
R. the traditional term for patronage beginning with the administration of
Andrew Jackson
    based on rewarding services tgey have rebdered or loyalty.
S. examples would be NRC, EPA, OSHA, FCC, FAA, and ICC.
T. written by a Justice who disagrees with the Court's decison elaborating
rationale for
    the disagreement.
U. Over the last century, most federal jobs have been awarded to applicants
through
    this practice which involves merit testing those who apply.
V. legislation of expenditures that are specifically designated to favor one
constituency.
W. The OEO and NASA would be examples of this type of federal agency.
X. legal theory that courts should limit their actions to interpreting
the law and not engage in 'legislating' by creating new law.
Y. the second stage of the policy process.
Z. includes those who work most closely under the President, in such areas as
daily
    operations involving security, economics and trade, expert advice, policy
formation, 
    White House staff, and public relations.















ANSWERS TO PART III MATCHING
A. it is suggested that in the near future, all of those who are poor in
America will be
    single mothers and their dependent  children.
B. made by an elected legislative body.
C. largely the domain of the Congress, this involves taxing and spending
policies.
D. almost exclusively the domain of the Federal Reserve, this involves money
supply
    and interest rates.
E. an annual shortfall of revenues of federal government compared to revenue
available.
F. act of Congress declared unconstitutional in the courts by which it seeks
to 'unspend'
    money it has appropriated when the executive branch acts to implement a
policy.
G. has authority to issue 'cease and desist orders' to businesses it deems
are involved
    in unethical or otherwise false advertising and similar activities, but
which means the agency
    must act to take the perpetrators to court if they do not agree with the
ruling.
H. general rise in the price level.
I. all Presidents until Ford had this authority to refuse to spend
appropriated funds if they
    did not wish to or disagreed with their use, but the Congress made it
illegal after Nixon resigned
    -- he had used it extensively to hold down federal spending.
J. the period of high inflation and a stagnant economy which marked the late
1970's.
K. the accumulated deficits of the US government.
L. economic philososphy holding that government should not intervene in the
economy
    xcept on a very limited level.
M. issued by a regulatory agency.
N. policy that marked such areas as trucking, banking, and airlines in the
late 70's and 80's and cut the   amount of federal regulation of those
industries.
O. prints our money, regulates banking, sets reserve requirement and margin
rate, clears
    checking, transacts federal bond activities, influences interest rates by
setting the discount rate,
    regulates  money supply, uses moral suasion to influence policies, and
more.
P. the current surpluses in this have been sufficient to make the federal
budget appear to be
    'balanced' because the government borrows them to offset deficits in the
general 
    operating budget.
Q. largely based on Keynesian philosophy, it holds that government
expenditures should be
    adjusted to make up for changes in federal revenues on gaps in
consumption and investment.
R. grants of money to individuals based on their memberships in groups
targeted by federal
    policy for assistance.
S. expresses concept that reductions in taxes and regulation should be
enacted to stimulate
    economic productive activity,  and the idea that cutting these will
stimulate economic activity
    and may even thus increase federal revenue collection.
T. set up by Nixon, it coordinates federal regulation involving the
environment.
U. requires recipients of federal money to demonstrate that they need the
money
    even if they otherwise would be entitled to it.
V. such expenditures to people of federal money as social security,
subsidies, unemployment,
    and welfare.
W. works with the President to develop a budget proposal to Congress which it
then basically
    ignores in working out the federal spending plans.
X. impacts of policies or practices on those not immediately involved in the
activity.
Y. continued levels of inflation which are lower than those experienced in
the previous period.
Z. government payment in cash eqivalent in a specified way such as food
stamps or rent vouchers.










ANSWERS TO PART IV MATCHING
A. the current and long time Chairman of the Federal Reserve System.
B.  this coordinates US espionage and counter-insurgency activities.
C. Reagan proposed development of a laser and particle based defensive shield
    to block attack on the US.
D. Supreme Court Justice appointed by  George Bush whose confirmation was
nearly
    derailed by liberal partisan attacks which he termed a 'high tech
lynching.' 
E. appointed to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan.
F. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
G. system of fixed exchange rates set up after WWII which lasted until 1973.
H.  the long time struggle between capitalism and communism.
I. the adversarial struggle betweeen the poor and emerging nations versus the
advanced sector.
J. Speaker of the House in the Republican 104th and 105th Congresses.
K. alliance among the US and other Northern European countries for mutual
defense efforts.
L. the undeveloped, developing, or underdeveloped nations of the world.
M. an international treaty for signatories to reduce barriers to trade among
them.
N. businesses which are involved in economic activity which crosses national
boundaries.
O. appointed by George Bush, he was the first African American Commander of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
    and was instrumental in carrying out Desert Storm.
P. the doctrine that prevailed in international relations for decades based
on the establishment of nuclear
    and conventional miliatry power that was substantive enough to preclude
aggression by an    adversary which had a similar capability precluding
attack on them.
Q. Cold War doctrine of US and its allies acting to limit the spread of
communism.
R. economic policy of putting in place barriers to trade to shield domestic
industries 
    from foreign competition
S. the  heads of the military branches which advise the President.
T. economic doctrine of removing national barriers to trade.
U. under the auspicies of the United Nations, it was set up in 1945 as a sort
of 'overdraft protection'
    for member nations involved in international currency exchange in order
to facilitate 
    world trade, which is funded by contributions from member states based on
the sizes 
    of their economies, accords voting to member nations based on the size of
their 
    contributions, and which requires nations which recieve its loans to
abide by its terms 
    to get them, supposedly to achieve freer trade but often resulting in
restricting growth 
    so much that the country's debt burden accelerates beyond  ability to
repay.
V. the direction of the world's economy toward international activity beyond
national boundaries.
W. a 'thawing out' of relations between the US and  Soviet Union during the
Cold War that occured
    at various junctures.
X. imposed by the IMF to recieve its loans, they vary from freer markets,
privatization and 
    less protectionism to devaluing currencies, spending reductions,
population control, 
    and appropriate technologies which limit the technology nations can
finance to that 
    which fits their state of development.
Y. term for the MAD doctrine of building overwhelming force that precludes
attack.
Z. idea that a nation should cut itself off from the world as much as
possible.


Answers to Part V 
A. duty, hbreach, harm, causal connection
B. equation of exchange
C. passed to authorize government spending when a budget has not been passed
D. rate of interest charged by Fed to member banks to borrow reserves which
             works as an anchor for most other interest rates
E. a tendency for members of Congress to get more votes the first time they run
             for reelection.
F. social democrat orientation of transferring the wealth from producers to  
       nonproducers
G. court and Congressional mandated drawing of districts to create a proportion
       of them which should elect minorities
H. policy initiative which functions to eliminate low paying entry level position jobs
I. Chicago School of Economics/neo-classical laissez faire orientation
J. hypothetical policy perspective said to be between capitalism and socialism,
       but which Mises described as a slippery slope to socialism
K. traditional socialist orientation of public/government control of wealth production
L. suggests the negative relationship between tax rates and revenue generated
       by them.
M. the spread of atomic weaponry to more nations.
N. the value of the goods and services produced in an economy divided by its
       population.
O. the 'down' payment required to buy stocks and set by the Federal Reserve
P. non-governmental organizations
Q. a stagnant economy at the same time that inflation is higher/as in the 1970's
R. the difference between the value of any nation's imports and exports.
S. a tax which is a heavier burden on lower incomes than higher ones, such as
       property tax and social security
T. parliamentary procedure to force a committee to report out a bill it is sitting on
U. supposedly what such programs as welfare provide for people
V. international agreement to force industrialized nations to cut their standards
      of living by limiting through arbitrary standards some negative externalities
      when advanced technology is the only way to really reduce them
W. this Friedman proposal did not pass but resulted in the creation of the
       earned income credit
X. regulation of this is one of the Fed's most vital powers
Y. supposed impact on earth's environment of industrialization and overpopulation
Z. Fed duty of buying and selling government securities through which it has
       a tremendous influence on money supply growth and interest rates
AA. this has led to the undermaintenance of living accomodations in many cities
BB. policy initiative of providing less expensive better programs by allowing them
       to be provided by the private sector
CC. each member nation of the UN has one vote in this 
DD. expresses the ordinary inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment
EE. the biggest economies in the world which also control the IMF and BID
FF. set up by Nixon allegedly to improve working conditions, but it has been
       insurance premiums, litigation, and technology that has effected that
GG. requirements for IMF loans which limit economic development of undeveloped
       nations by limiting them to low tech production methods
HH. phenomenon since the 1980's of relatively lower inflation and unemployment
II. the five permanent members on this have veto power over anything the UN 
       proposes to do
JJ. the difference between the value of all financial exchanges of a country 
       internationally
KK. the part of many deposits which the Fed mandates member banks must hold
       and deposit also on their books
LL. hints of Fed policy which have tremendous impact on economic markets
MM. chief administrative offices of the UN
NN. a nation which has more investments in it than it has outside of its borders --
defined inadequately as a nation which owes more than is owed it.


part VI answers
 
A. muslim rebels the CIA trained and armed to fight the Soviet army in Afghanistan in the 1980's
B. his book Hidden Hand Ike described the achievements of the Eisenhower Presidency
C. developed a methodology of comparing Presidents based on characteristics of active/passive
and positive/negative
D. anti-communist freedom fighters in Nicaraqua trained and armed by Reagan Administration
E. head of CIA fired by Kennedy over JFK's blundering at Cuba's Bay of Pigs
F. Presidential historian whose book The Imperial Presidency was critical of Nixon excesses
while ignoring the same things done by LBJ
G. Reagan's CIA director
H. Nicaraquan communists headed by Daniel Ortega
I. his book Presidential Power focused on methodologies of use of authority by Presidents
J. setting the value of assets to their value at maturity/sale/future value
K. lawsuit filed by Obama and other attorneys demanding that banks have to give mortgages
to poor under allegations of discrimination
L. leading Democrat Congressman who blocked Bush attempts to reform mortgage practices
on the basis that there was no problem in the industry
M. his book exposed and destroyed CIA operations and agents worldwide
N. Carter law that expanded prohibitions on redlining and led to forcing banks to give loans 
to people who could not afford them
O. the Imperial Congress described the abuses or the permanent Congress Democrats controlled
from 1950's to 1995.
P. ruled that a law prohibiting certain sexual acts between consenting adults was unconstitutional
and opened door to challenges of other state laws effecting adult behavior
Q. developed an off-shore plan to fund the Contras after Congress outlawed government assistance to them
R. legislation enacted to regulate accounting practices after such abuses as Enron in the 1990's although
the culprits were prosecuted under existing law, opening door for more federal control
S. Fannie Mae executive whose policies pushed loans to those who could not afford them and walked away from agency with $90 million in bonuses and was Obama adviser
T. effort by Bush to curtail mortgage industry abuses blocked by Democrats
U. determining worth of assets by present value
V. his series of books described the details of the presidential campaigns from 1960-1972.
W. wrote of the sundry 'hats' a president must wear 
X. Government sponsored agency (GSE) over mortgage industry which failed in 2008
Y. SEC regulation which altered accounting practices with government determination of asset valuation
and changed the status of major businesses in late 2008 from liquid to insolvent
Z. Presidential historian whose book Crisis Years described JFK's problem of being hamstrung
from too many cross currents of advice
 
 
 
Part VII Answers

A. conservative President of France
B. conservative President of Mexico
C. supreme court decision which manufactured the so-called 'separation of church and state
D. Lincoln had a pro-slavery agitator in Baltimore and held under martial law abridgement of 
habeas corpus.
E. conservative Chancellor of Germany
F. Palestinian terrorist group funded and armed by Iran in control in Gaza
G. An Economic Theory of Voting VC=P+Ec
H. wrote of the pendulum swing between Presidential and Congressional hegemony
I. Supreme Court voted 5-4 to allow government to expand eminent domain to allow seizure 
of property if it would get the government more tax dollars
J. Twilight of the Presidency
K. Secretary General of the United Nations
L. planned liberal censorship of radio by forcing any station to accept any alternative viewpoint
M. victory over terrorists in Iraq was secured by a 2007-8 increase in U.S. combat forces
N. allowing direct election of U.S. Senators reduced power of state government and political
parties while dramatically increasing the cost of seeking a Senate seat
O. Palestinian terrorist group funded and armed by Iran in control in southern Lebanon
P. would replace IRS, income tax, corporate taxes with a national sales tax which would stimulate
economic activity.
Q. Bush appointed him to replace Chief Justice William Rehnquist
R. Hispanic youth held under Patriot Act for his threat on tied to Al Qaeda, now in prison
S. Obama speaks of a philosophical alternative to the limited government of the Declaration 
and Constitution using this phrase of empowering government
T. Democrat Congress passed this after Hanoi attacked a Naval ship, giving the President authority
to undertake military action against North Vietnam
U. tax to be levied on Americans whose carbon footprint is too large by some govt standard
V. early 20th century organization which had ties to Nazis and led to development of radical
Islam and such groups as al Qaeda
W. applied the Second Amendment to the Washington, D.C., in effect 'nationaliziing' it for he first time
X. Bush appointed this originalist jurist to replace Sandra Day O'Connor on the Supreme Court
Y. funds provided by Congress members for projects or programs where the congressional direction  circumvents Executive Branch merit-based or competitive allocation processes, or specifies the location or recipient, or otherwise curtails the ability of the Executive Branch to manage critical aspects of the funds allocation process.
Z. the Democrat Congress passed this outlawing any U.S. governmental assistance to the Contras fighting
the Sandinista communists in Nicaraqua



176-196 A
155-175 B
134-154 C
112-132 D 





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