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Part 1: Part 2 
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Part 1: Part 2
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| To
begin by clarifying one point--this is being put together under the heading
of "the descent of ANAZEH" rather than "the
genetic influence of *LEOPARD"
because we know ANAZEH has descent (within
the limits of reliability of studbook records, anyway, but that's another
whole story). At this late date and considering some of the pedigree contortions
the *LEOPARD descendants went through in the early
generations, I am not at all sure whether poor old *LEOPARD
has any genetic influence at all. I do know that I have no idea how to
go about computing it. (More of this later, when the subject of early redoubling
of the *LEOPARD line comes along.)
Randolph Huntington's pure Arab breeding program came about as a secondary project, in connection with his attempts to produce an American trotting breed--this story is gone into in the *LEOPARD and *LINDEN TREE historical review in this issue, in some detail. *LEOPARD was the origin and the inspiration for the purebred section of the Huntington stud--if he had not come along, Huntington would never have gotten a start in Arabs, and so *LEOPARD is essential to the story in that light. From a breeding standpoint Huntington did not make as much use of *LEOPARD, however, as he might have. Huntington was the first American Arabian breeder, which I suppose makes it inevitable that he was the first American Arabian breeder to be a proponent of intense inbreeding; this notion has been part of the breed's history here from its beginnings. What made things awkward from *LEOPARD's point of view was that Huntington became captivated by the notion of the "Maneghi racing strain" and the desirability of inbreeding this type. *LEOPARD was a Seglawi Jedran--so he became a distraction from the Huntington program almost as soon as he inspired it; thus apparently, the fact that *LEOPARD was bred to "his" mare *NAOMI 230 just once, leaving just one offspring in the program, his son ANAZEH, the object of this narrative. Ironically, *NAOMI herself was of mixed strains, not inbred (brother x sister) Maneghi as was thought at that time, since she was sired by a Kehilan stallion. Further, *KISMET and MAIDAN, two supposed Maneghis which played important pedigree role in the Vidal program which Huntington bought out, turn out to have had no recorded strains at all--thus making it difficult if not impossible to make much sense out of the claims of the *NAOMI family to represent "inbred Maneghi type" at least until Huntington got through with it. He did inbreed it to startling degrees. |
Even
though not inbred, *NAOMI was a very prepotent broodmare;
her outcrossed offspring *NAZLI and ANAZEH
resembled each other rather strongly, and ANAZEH looked
even more like *NAZLI's son *NIMR
(because both stallions were better looking than the mare). Bred to her
grandson *NIMR, *NAOMI produced
KHALED, another good-looking horse, though less attractive
about the head than his sire. NAAMAN (Anazeh x *Nazli)
 is
downright beautiful in the one photo of him which survives, but with further
inbreeding things got rather less pleasing -- there are not many photos
available from which to judge the intensely-bred results of this line,
but they do seem to have gotten rather coarse and angular, with a high
frequency of lopped ears, as things went on. Some of these inbreds outcrossed
very satisfactorily indeed, with a number of quite distinguished early
representatives, but I can't help speculating as to what might have happened
had a) Huntington kept on with his program a little longer (the most extreme
inbreds were produced by programs founded on his stock) or b) *LEOPARD
(or somebody else not closely related to *NAOMI)
been used more freely in the early days, giving a broader genetic base
to continue operations on. |
| Since
we are dealing not with what could have happened, but with the story as
it actually took place, we must refer to the Studbook rather than to my
imagination. ANAZEH is credited with just seven get
in Volume V, but of course there is no way of knowing how many of his offspring
went unregistered; his youngest listed foal was a 1900 model, eight years
before the Registry was founded, and no great deal of industry was devoted
to tracking down "lost" pre-Registry purebreds. The first point
to note is that neither of his outcross sons left descent; thus all *LEOPARD's
immediate descendants were inbred back to the prepotent *NAOMI, a fact
which had to militate against his visible influence. ANAZEH's first listed
foal, out of his dam *NAOMI, was also lost to the breed. The other four
get of ANAZEH all bred on to one degree or another.
It would appear that the Pennsylvanian Herman Hoopes bought the full siblings, NAARAH 256 and the handsome NAAMAN 116, around 1900, and presumably from Huntington. His breeding program, based on this pair and cooperating with Huntington's Maneghi project (since he bred to *Nimr in 1903 and Khaled in 1904), continued at least until 1911 and the production of NIMNAARAH 129, the only animal of this branch to leave descent and a "sure enough" inbred Maneghi; rather than try to explain the interactions here I refer the reader to her pedigree.
NIMNAARAH, fortunately for the sanity of pedigree readers, passed into the hands of Hamilton Carhartt of South Carolina, who bred four outcross foals (at least that many--note that only fillies are registered, suggesting the possibility of colts which may have dropped out of sight) from her by the desertbred *HOURAN, a Kehilan Tamri imported by Davenport. The next step is uncertain, but it appear that two NIMNAARAH daughter, HAARANMIN 451 and BINT NIMNAARAH 452, went to Traveler's Rest with General J.M.Dickinson for a brief stay, during which BINT NIMNAARAH was bred to Dickinson's ANTEZ. At any rate in 1932 both foaled fillies for John A. George of Indiana--BINT NIMNAARAH produced the ANTEZ daughter YDRISSA 947, and HARAANMIN produced the RIBAL daughter OURIDA 946, RIBAL being the George herd sire at that time. The George program does not seem to have existed very long; the last foals for which he is listed as breeder came in 1935. HAARANMIN produced two more fillies and a colt for the program before leaving for Texas, where she produced in the Walter Gillis breeding group. This program got off to a good start and went along for several generations but seems to have left descent among modern registered stock in only a few collateral lines. The George-bred HAARANMINs were luckier, and indeed count some of the breed's most influential horses among their number. Her son YOHANAH 1174 is quickly dismissed as he has no registered get; daughter MINA 1097 went to New York and produce three sons, two of which were used for breeding. HAARANMIN's second daughter BERLE 1021 by RIBAL, and thus full sister to OURIDA, produce a total of 14 foals in Indiana, Maryland and Pennsylvania by a variety of sires. Donald Shutz of North Manchester, In, recalls BERLE as "one of the taller mares" of her time and of good type, comparable to her sister OURIDA. I am most familiar with the members of this family which entered the "Double R" program, including my favorite of the lot, the splendid mare AMYR DOREEN 26232. This branch carried the *LEOPARD descent to England and Australia, for BAZZA 7306 (Zab x Berris) was exported to England's Briery Close Arabian Stud by Major and Mrs. T.W.I. Hedley, where she produced the filly BAZZAMA by AL-MARAH RADAMES. BAZZAMA is a highly-regarded matron for the Hedleys, and BAZZA's son SNOW KING by the former head sire at Briery Close, named GENERAL GRANT oddly enough, is in Australia. After YDRISSA, BINT NIMNAARAH produced IRMA 1022, blood sister to OURIDA and BERLE but rather less lucky in the stud; she produced three foals, including BAREK 1482 whose name one used to hear once in a while, but this line did not breed on any further. BINT NIMNAARAH's last registered foal, BINT NARMA 1094, did a bit better; her first foal was SHARIK 1784, the noted "high school" horse exhibited by Ward Wells of Oregon. BINT NARMA also produced three redoubled-*LEOPARD-line foals by ALLA AMARWARD 1140; two of these bred on, one being dam of, among others, the superb ABU FARWA daughter ALLA FARWA 13333 and the "ultimate show gelding" RIBAL DEYR 14400. The gelding is not doing much to carry on the *LEOPARD descent genetically (except of course to promote his collateral relatives), but he is quite a horse. |
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[Photos from the Gina Manion collection appearing with this article included: Ourida and Ydrissa, Rafissa, and the "*Leopard descendant in costume class."] |
That
sums up the NIMNAARAH branch of descent from ANAZEH--except
for most of it. OURIDA and YDRISSA
were the foundation mare of the Manions'program, which celebrated its 40th
year of Arabian breeding in 1976, and this group of *LEOPARD-
descended Arabians has been very influential indeed.
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