A Glossary of Computer Terms

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Danger - This information may be hazardous to you peace of mind and is for the most part, completely unecessary for the use of a computer.


Glossary of Computer Terms   Last Updated on September 8, 1998

401	Authorization not found – enter correct password
56k Flex MODEM standard, Rockwell, also see V90 and X2
ACPI	Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ADF	Automatic Document Feeder
APM	Advanced Power Management
ASCII	American Standard Code for Information Exchange
ASF	Advanced Streaming Format .asf
AVI	Video File -.avi – Audio Visual Interleave
BAUD	Number of transmittable events/second – obsolete
BBS	Bulletin Board System
Bcc	Blind carbon copy
BIOS	Basic Input Output System – usually in chips on motherboard
Bit	Binary digit
BMP	Graphics in Bitmap Format -.bmp
BNC	Network coaxial cable connector
BPS	Bits per Second
Byte	8 Bits
Cache	Area on disk or in memory for temporary storage of information
Cc	Carbon Copy
CCC	Microsoft Chat Conversation file
CDA	Communications Decency Act – Declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court.
CDF	Channel Definition File
CLP	Clipboard File - .clp
COM	File extension for executable program code – stood for commands
COMx	Serial Ports – eg COM1, COM2, thru COM4
Cookie	Information stored on your computer by a website to facilitate their contacts with
	 you. Usually benign, but occasionally can cause problems.
CPU	Central Processing Unit
CRC	Cyclic Redundancy Checking
CSLIP	Compressed Serial line Internet Protocol
CSMA/CD	Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (Ethernet)
DB-15	Standard Display Connector
DB-25	Standard parallel or serial port connector
DB-9	Standard serial connector
DCC	Direct Cable Connect
DDE	Dynamic Data Exchange
DLL	Dynamic Link Library - .dll – contain executable code for windows
DMA	Direct Memory Access
DNS	Domain Name Server
DOS	Disc operating System
DPI	Dots per Inch – Measure of resolution for printers and monitors.
DSC	Digital Subscriber Lines – High speed data transfer 50x faster than 28.8
DSP	Digital Signal Processing
DVD	Digital Video Disc
EBD	Emergency Boot Disk
EISA	Extended Industry Standard Architecture – 32 bit slot for device card on a motherboard.
EXE	Program file -.exe
FAQ	Frequency Asked Questions
FAT	File Allocation Table
FDISK	DOS program to create or delete disk partitions
FTP	File Transfer Protocol
GDI	Graphic Device Interface
GIF	Graphics Interchange Format -.gif  
GIGABYTE - 1000 Megabytes
GUI	Graphical User Interface
HTML	HyperText Markup Language
HTTP	HyperText Transfer Protocol
I/O	Input/Output
ID	Digital Signature
IDE	Integrated Drive Electronics  - type of controller for devices
IMAP	Internet Message Access Protocol
IP	Internet Protocol
IRC	Internet Relay Chat
IRQ	Interrupt Request – device address
ISA	Industry Standard Architecture – 8 and 16 bit slot for device card on motherboard
ISDN	Integrated Services Digital Network – Internet connection
ISP	Internet Service Provider – eg AOL, Prodigy, Concentric
JPEG	Joint Photographic Experts Group – good for Internet graphics. Also .jpg
LAN	Local Area Network
LDAP	Light Directory Access Protocol
Line	Phone line port on MODEM
MCA	Micro Channel Architecture – IBM 32 bit slot device for PS/2
MEGABYTE - Approximately a Million Bytes
MHz	Megahertz – Speed at which information is processed.  Millions of cycles per second.
MIDI	Musical Instrument Digital Interface -.mid
MODEM	Modulator/Demodulator
MPEG	Motion Picture Experts’ Group
MSN	Microsoft Network
NNTP	Network News Transfer Protocol
404 Not found – specific document not found
OLE	Object Linking and Embedding – connects Microsoft Office Files
OS	Operating System
Parallel PC port – PRN and LPT1 thru LPT4 used for printers, scanner, etc.
PCI	Peripheral Component Interface
PCL	Printer Control Language
PCX	Graphics file -.pcx
PGP	Pretty Good Privacy – secure e-mail
PICS	Platform for Internet Content Selection
PIF	Program Information File
POP3	Post Office Protocol 3 – Mail server, incoming
PPP	Point-To-Point protocol
PS/2 port Standard connector for PS/2 Mouse
Pull	Having to go after data and bring it in.
Push	The source of the data automatically sends it to you.
QT file	Quick Time video file -.qt
QTW	Windows version of Apple Quicktime format.
RA	Real Audio -.ra
RAM	Random Access Memory
RD	Receiving Data – icon in System Tray
Registry - Windows 95 control information - replaced .ini used in 3.1
RGB	Color numerical description by red, green, blue components
RJ-11	Standard US telephone connector
ROM	Read Only Memory
RSACi	Recreational Software Advisory Council for the Internet – web site ratings
RTF	Rich Text File -.rtf
RV	Real Video -.rv
S/MIME	Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SCSI	Small Computer System Interface – another type of controller
SDRAM	Synchronous Dynamic RAM
SET	Secure Electronic Transaction
SGML	Standard Generalized Markup Language
SIM	Subscriber Identity Module
SIMM	Single In-Line Memory Module
Slot 1	New standard used on Pentium II chips
Slot 2	Latest Pentium standard
SMPT	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol – Mail server, outgoing
Socket 7 CPU to motherboard interface on Pentium class chips
SPA	Secure Password Authentication
SPID	Service Profile Identifiers
SQL	Structured Query Language
SSL	Secure Sockets Layer
SVGA	Display with greater resolution than VGA
TCP/IP	Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TD	Transmitting Data – icon in System Tray
Teleco	Phone plug-in port on MODEM
TERABYTE 1024 Gigabytes or about one trillion characters
TIF	Tagged-Image Format -.tif
Tracks	Magnetic rings on diskettes and hard drives used to record data.
TTL	Time To Live – packet passing times
TWAIN	Technology Without An Important Name – computer/scanner communication 
	   standard
TXT	Text file -.txt
UART	Universal Asynchronous Receiver – transmitter chip in serial communications
ULS	User Location Service
UNIX	Operating System
URL	Uniform Resource Locator
USB	Universal Serial Bus – Industry standard connector
V90  	New standard for 56K modems – replaces Flex & X2
VCF	Virtual Business Card File -.vcf
VESA	Video Electronics Standard Association – 386/486 ISA bus extension
VGA	Type of display
VRML	Virtual Reality Markup Language – 3D environment HTML
WAN	Wide Area Network
Win.ini	Initialization file
WUG-NET	Windows User Group – www.wugnet.com
WWW	World Wide Net
WYSIWYG	What You See Is What You Get
X2	MODEM standard, US Robotics for 56K – see V90 for new
References:
Windows 98 Complete Reference
By J. Levine and M. Young
Publisher:  Osborne
Upgrading and Repairing Your PC
By D. Johnson and T. Stouffer
Infoseek Website – http://www.u???
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