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ART “4” “2”-DAY 07 July

BIRTH: 1887 CHAGALL

^ Born on 07 July 1887 Marc Chagall, Belorussian French painter and designer who died on 28 March 1985.
     Chagall was distinguished for his surrealistic inventiveness. He is recognized as one of the most significant painters and graphic artists of the 20th century. His work treats subjects in a vein of humor and fantasy that draws deeply on the resources of the unconscious. Chagall's personal and unique imagery is often suffused with exquisite poetic inspiration.
      Chagall was born in Vitebsk, Belarus, and was educated in art in Saint Petersburg and, from 1910, in Paris, where he remained until 1914. Between 1915 and 1917 he lived in Saint Petersburg; after the Russian Revolution he was director of the Art Academy in Vitsyebsk from 1918 to 1919 and was art director of the Moscow Jewish State Theater from 1919 to 1922. Chagall painted several murals in the theater lobby and executed the settings for numerous productions. In 1923, he moved to France, where he spent the rest of his life, except for a period of residence in the United States from 1941 to 1948.
     On 23 September 1964 the Paris Opéra unveiled a stunning new ceiling painted as a gift by Chagall.
      Chagall died in St. Paul de Vence, France.
      Chagall's distinctive use of color and form is derived partly from Russian expressionism and was influenced decisively by French cubism. Crystallizing his style early, as in Candles in the Dark (1908), he later developed subtle variations. His numerous works represent characteristically vivid recollections of Russian-Jewish village scenes, as in Moi et le Village (1911), and incidents in his private life, as in the print series Mein Leben (1922), in addition to treatments of Jewish subjects, of which The Praying Jew (1914) is one.
      His works combine recollection with folklore and fantasy. Biblical themes characterize a series of etchings executed between 1925 and 1939, illustrating the Old Testament, and the 12 stained-glass windows in the Hadassah Hospital of the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center in Jerusalem (1962). In 1973 Musée National Message Biblique Marc Chagall was opened in Nice, France, to house hundreds of his biblical works. Chagall executed many prints illustrating literary classics. A canvas completed in 1964 covers the ceiling of the Opéra in Paris, and two large murals (1966) hang in the lobby of the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.

— LINKS
— Self-Portrait — Self~Portrait With 7 Fingers on One Hand
— Moi et le Village — Self-Portrait with black vest (1957, 60x48cm)
— War — White Crucifixion — Feastday — Jew at Prayer — Praying Jew
— Abraham About to Sacrifice Isaac — Parting of the Red Sea — Rainbow — Adam and Eve
— Dan stained glass window — Joseph stained glass window — Issachar stained glass window
— Levi stained glass window — Three Candles — Fiddler — Newspaper Seller — Coq
— Parade — Red Nude — Birthday — The Spoonful of Milk
— XlinkXCalvary (932x1000pix; 132kb) — Four Seasons (1974, 90x60cm)
— Paysage bleu (1958, 49x66cm) — Moses (1956, 59x41cm)
— Chagall Monumental (1973 book cover color lithograph 32x25cm) — untitled plate in the front of the book Chagall Monumental [sun, couple, hen, nude, face, figure] (1973, double page color lithograph 32x50cm) — untitled plate at p.15 in the book Homage to Marc Chagall [woman, town, face, goat] (1969 color lithograph 32x25cm) — Prints from the Mourlot Press (1964 catalogue cover color lithograph, 26x20cm)

^
Died on a 07 July:

1910 Hubert Salentin, German artist born on 15 January 1822. — {Est-ce que, ne se rendant pas compte que ses modèles étaient des noirs, les gens disaient de certains de ses portraits: “C'est sale en teint.”?}

^ 1897 Édouard Joseph Dantan, French artist born on 26 August 1848. — {Peignait-il des paysages d'hiver divers dits verts mais surtout blancs? Mais où sont Les Neiges Dantan? Pas sur l'internet, il semble.} Voici pour vous consoler et vous rafraichir:
— Monet [14 Nov 1840 – 05 Dec 1926]: Meules: effet de givre (1891, 65x92cm; 747x1064pix, 120kb — ZOOM to 1998x2835pix) — La charrette; route enneigée à Honfieur, avec la ferme Saint-Siméon
— Pissarro: La Route de Versailles a Louveciennes (effet de neige) (1869) _ Maison à Pontoise sous la neige (1879) — Goeneutte: Le Boulevard de Clichy sous la neige — Caillebotte: Boulevard Haussmann, neige — Gauguin: Village breton sous la neige (1894) — Lévy-Dhurmer: Bruges, effet de neige (1900) — Courbet [10 Jun 1819 — 31 Dec 1877]: Falaises sous la neige _ Biches dans la neige _ La diligence dans la neige — Le renard dans la neige — Maufra: Chaumières sous la neige (1891; 631x1076pix) — Sisley: Neige prématurée à Louveciennes — Le jardin sous la neige

1862 Friedrich August Matthias Gauermann, Austrian painter born on 20 September 1807. He was the son of the painter and copper engraver Jakob Gauermann [1773–1843] and the brother of the painter Carl Gauermann [1804–1829]. Friedrich was taught painting by his father, who emphasized especially the direct observation of nature. Friedrich Gauermann subsequently studied at the Vienna Akademie [1824–1827] in the landscape class of Josef Mössmer [1780–1845]. In Vienna Gauermann was especially attracted to the work of such 17th-century Dutch landscape painters as Philips Wouwerman, Jacob van Ruisdael, Allaert van Everdingen, Paulus Potter and Nicolaes Berchem, and he made copies of their paintings. He continued to admire such artists throughout his life, and in his own landscape painting he remained close to their form of realism. Gauermann also made study tours to see art collections in Munich and Dresden in 1827 and 1829.

^ 1850 Carl Anton Joseph Rottmann, German painter born on 11 January 1797 (1798?). — {When overhearing people discussing his theories of art, did he get tired of them saying: “That's rot, man.”}— He was taught by his father the university drawing master Friedrich Rottmann [1768–1816]; among the fellow students of Carl Rottmann were Carl Philipp Fohr and Ernst Fries. In 1815 Rottmann painted a large watercolor, Heidelberg Castle at Sunset . The idealistic forms and romantic lighting are derived from the Scottish painter George Augustus Wallis [1770–1847] who stayed in Heidelberg from 1812 to 1816 on his return from Rome where he had been friendly with Joseph Anton Koch. Rottmann’s first picture in oils was derived from two famous paintings in the collection of the Boisserée family, the Pearl of Brabant by Dieric Bouts the elder or the younger and the Seven Joys of the Virgin by Hans Memling. Such a synthesis of two different sets of images was to typify much of Rottmann’s later work. At about the same time Rottmann painted his idealized view of Eltz Fortress. However, his most beautiful early work in oils is Heidelberg Castle at Sunset with Crescent Moon (1820). This work already contains many individual motifs that are important in interpreting the content of Rottmann’s later work.

1817 Pierre-Jean Boquet, French artist born in 1751. — {Y a-t-il des bouquets de Boquet? Je ne trouve rien de lui dans l'internet.}

1658 (buried) Adriaen van Nieulandt II (or Nieuwelandt), Flemish painter, draftsman, engraver, and broker, born in 1587. Brother of Willem van Nieulandt II [1584-1635] and of Jacob van Nieulandt [1593 – 27 Dec 1616 bur.], Adriaen was a student of Pieter Isaacszoon and Frans Badens [1571–1618] in Amsterdam. Unlike his brother Willem, Adriaen apparently did not travel. In 1628 Adriaen was installed as a broker; he also valued works of art. Among his documented commissions were 11 paintings on copper for the chapel of King Christian IV of Denmark in Frederiksborg Castle near Hillerød (destr. by fire, 1859).

^
Born on a 07 July:

^ 1891 Lasar Segall, Lithuanian Brazilian painter and printmaker who died on 02 August 1957. In 1906 he enrolled in the Berlin Akademie, where he was a student of Lovis Corinth and Max Liebermann. He took part in the Berlin Freie Sezession in 1909 and in 1910 held a one-man show of Expressionist paintings at the Galerie Gurlitt in Dresden. In 1912 he went to Brazil, introducing Expressionist paintings to the country for the first time when he exhibited his work in Rio de Janeiro and in the interior of São Paulo state during 1913. From 1914 to 1923 he lived in Dresden, where he participated in Expressionist exhibitions and published a book of five etchings, Souvenirs of Vilna (Dresden, 1919). In 1923 he returned to Brazil to marry and settle in São Paulo, where his activities included the founding of the Sociedade Pro-Arte Moderna in 1932. — LINKS — [I did not find any Segall Sea gull, but I did find Frédéric Bazille's The Sea Gull (1864) — Gaston Lachaise's Sea Gull — Albert Joseph Moore's Sea-Gulls] — Gustave Courbet's The Girl with the Seagulls — Claude Monet's Seagulls (The Thames. Houses of Parliament)]

1847 Robert Russ, Austrian artist who died on 16 March 1922. — [Un Russ autrichien? Bon, mais y a-t-il un Russ russe? Au moins un Ostrillin russe?]

^ 1843 Hugo Fredrik Salmson, Swedish painter who died on 01 August 1894. — [He was not related to the Salmson of “Salmson and Delimlah”?] — He studied at the Akademi för de Fria Konsterna in Stockholm (1861–1867) and in 1868, on a scholarship, he went via Copenhagen and Düsseldorf to Paris, where he became a student of the history painter Pierre-Charles Comte [1823–1895]. Salmson was one of the first Swedish painters to be trained in Paris, where he remained. His earlier paintings, for example Tartuffe (1881), were experiments in the historical genre of the Salon tradition, but Salmson later became known for his Naturalistic pictures of peasant life inspired by Millet, Jules Breton, and also increasingly by Jules Bastien-Lepage.
Beet Weeders in Picardy (1878) caused a stir at the Salon in 1878 and made his name. Its theme is inspired by Max Liebermann’s Workers in a Turnip Field, exhibited at the Salon in 1876, but the latter’s vulgar Naturalism was tempered and slightly idealized in Salmson’s, in the spirit of Millet. Beet Weeders in Picardy has been regarded as an important work in the Swedish plein-air tradition, despite the fact that much of it was painted in the studio, and that the figures, harshly outlined against the cloudy grey sky, take up somewhat theatrical poses. A preliminary study in Göteborg Konstmuseum has greater spontaneity.
After his success with Beet Weeders, Salmson painted a large number of peasant scenes, taking his subjects from Picardy or from Skåne in southern Sweden, where he spent most of his summers from about 1883. Such works as At the Spinning Wheel (1883), with richly varied shades of gray, show a method of design and color treatment often reminiscent of Bastien-Lepage. Salmson also painted pure landscapes and portraits, including two self-portraits, one of them in 1870.

1833 Félicien Joseph Victor Robs, Belgian artist who died on 22 August 1898. — {He might have had a less negative reaction from English-speaking people to whom he was introduced if he had changed his last name to Lenz~Jenresly.}

1807 George Willem Opdenhoff, Dutch artist who died on 23 September 1873.

1775 Johann-Jakob Dorner II, German artist who died on 14 December 1852. He was presumably the son (or nephew?) of Johann-Jakob Dorner I [18 Jul 1741 – 22 May 1813].

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