IVE HAKING WONG

(Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education)

Department of Hotel – Keeping and Tourism Studies

 

 

Course : 0017 / Year 2

Course Title : Certificate in Hotel ; Catering & Institutional Operation

Unit Title : Accommodation Operations

Assignment : Investigate methods of housekeeping service

Class Teacher : Miss Sindy Leung

Name of writer : Suen Fook Wing (Philip)

Leung Siu Hung (Finlay)

Lam Yiu Kwan (Different)

Lau Chi Wai (Billy)

Date and Year : 08-03-2000

 

Content:

  • INTRODUCTION

    High standards of cleanliness and safety have always been critically important to hospitals,

    Cleaning, the physical removal of organic material or soil from objects, is usually done by using water with or without detergents. Generally, cleaning is designed to remove rather than to kill microorganisms. Sterilization, on the other hand, is the destruction of all forms of microbial life; it is carried out in the hospital with steam under pressure, liquid or gaseous chemicals, or dry heat. Disinfection, defined as the intermediate measures between physical cleaning and sterilization, is carried out with pasteurization or chemical germicides.

    Although microorganisms are a normal contaminant of walls, floors, and other surfaces, these environmental surfaces rarely are associated with transmission of infections to patients or personnel. Therefore, extraordinary attempts to disinfect or sterilize these environmental surfaces are rarely indicated. However, routine cleaning and removal of soil are recommended. Recommendations for cleaning in the rooms of patients on isolation precautions have been published.

    CONTROL MEASURES

    Cleaning schedules and methods vary according to the area of the hospital, type of surface to be cleaned, and the amount and type of soil present. Horizontal surfaces (for example, bedside tables and hard-surfaced flooring) in patient-care areas are usually cleaned on a regular basis, where soiling or spills occur, and when a patient is discharged. Cleaning of walls, blinds, and curtains is recommended only if they are visibly soiled. Disinfectant fogging is an unsatisfactory method of decontaminating air and surfaces and is not recommended.

  • Domestic Service Control of Infection Policy

    A ward surface which is physically clean and dry is unlikely to represent an appreciable infection risk. Wet surfaces and equipment are more likely to encourage micro-organisms and to spread potential infection.

    Before starting a shift, cleaning equipment should always be clean and dry. Cleaning solutions should be freshly prepared and discarded straight after use .

    It is the responsibility of staff to follow cleaning procedures which reduce the risk of hospital acquired infection. To achieve this, a few straight forward rules need to be followed.

    Personal Hygiene

    A good standard of personal hygiene is necessary in as hospital environment. Clean overalls must be worn at all the times, long hair tied back and an overall tidy appearance maintained.

    Hand Washing and Drying

    A good hand washing and drying technique is essential to protect staff, patients and others from the spread of bacteria.

    Hand should be washed and thoroughly dried:

  • Colour Coding or Segregation of Equipment

    Colour Coding

    Cloths and Mark the handles of mops with coloured tape

  • Yellow
  • Departments and Wards
  • Blue
  • Wash basins, baths and showers
  • Green
  • Toilet and urinals.
  •  

     

  • Mop and Cloth Care

    After use mop heads should be removed, bagged in a net bag, cloths bagged and sent to the hospital laundry, or washed in the domestic service washing machine and dried in a tumble drier.

    Protective Clothing

    Protective clothing must be worn when carrying out the following procedure:

  • General cleaning and handing cleaning chemicals
  • Yellow rubber gloves
  • Kitchen cleaning and washing up
  • Red rubber gloves or disposable plastic apron
  • Food handling
  • Washable or disposable plastic apron
  • Cleaning human spillage
  • Disposable latex glove and disposable and plastic apron. Discard afterwards, wash and dry hands.
  • Isolation cases
  • Plastic aprons and disposable latex gloves. Hand washing and drying is essential.
  • Waste

    All waste must be kept covered and segregated according to type:

  • food
  • Black sacks with covered container emptied twice daily.
  • domestic
  • Black sacks
  • Clinical
  • Red sacks
  • sharps
  • Sharp boxes in red sacks
  •  

  • Rubbish collection- (ward and department)

    Equipment:

  •  

  • Method: General waste
    1.  
    2. Put on rubber gloves.
    3.  
    4. To avoid cuts and injury tip the contents of bins into a black waste sack. DO NOT put hands into bins to empty.
    5.  
    6. Where waste sack holders are used, remove the sack from the holder when 2/3 full.
    7.  
    8. Seal tops of sacks and place for collection at the rubbish collection point. This should be away from patient and public areas.

     

  • Method: clinical waste
    1.  
    2. Put on rubber gloves.
    3.  
    4. Medical and nursing staff should already have placed clinical waste into red rubbish sacks. These should bot be over full.
    5.  
    6. Secure the top of the sack and place separately from black sacks at the rubbish collection point.
    7.  
    8. Yellow plastic sharps boxes for the collection of e.g. used syringes, needles and surgical blades etc, should be sealed when 80% full and placed I a separate red clinical waste sack, kept separate from other red clinical waste sacks and labeled.
    9.  
    10. All red clinical waste bags must be labeled giving, ward/department of origin, hospital of origin, logo biohazard warning where appropriate.
    11.  
    12. Clinical waste should be stored separately for collection, preferably in a locked area, to ensure patient and public safety.
    13.  
    14. Waste storage areas must be cleaned daily.
    15.  
    16. NOTE: If staff experience a cut or needle stick injury they must report immediately t their supervisor and attend A&E for treatment.

     

     

  • Pest control

    The feeding of animals or birds is forbidden unless these are official pets belonging to the ward.

    To discourage pests food should be kept covered and refrigerated. Any sightings or evidence of pests should be reported immediately to a supervisor.

  • Pest Control at Hospital (21.2.2000)

     

    1. Main Block:

    Floor Unit/Ward Area
    G/F Dietetic Dept

    Supplies

    Linen

    Central Supporting

    Main Kitchen

    GM(AS)’s Store

    LER

    Staff Changing Room, Refuse Chute,

    Foreman Office, Admission Office

    1/F X Ray

    Central Admin

    MSW

    1060, 1061, 1063

    Uniform Store Office

    Office area

    2/F Physio Dept

    OT Dept

    2 toilets, 2 changing rooms, pantry, sluice room 2004

    Rm 2060, 2062, 2064

    3/F 3AB Rm 3018, 3029, 1 pantry, 2 toilets, 3021, 3024, 3009,

    2 toilets, 3019

      3CD 2 toilets, 1 pantry, 3004, flower beds, podium, 3045
    4/F 4AB Rm 4009, 4032 and 2 toilets, 1 pantry, 4016, 4021, 4015,

    4011, 4001, 4026, 4005, 4049, 4051, 4061, 4067, 4A MO office, patient lockers

      4CD 2 toilets, sluice rooms
    5/F 5AB 2 toilets, pantry, flower bed, window sills in the dayroom
      5CD 2 toilets, pantry, store room
    6/F 6AB 2 toilets, 6013, 6014, 6015, 6025, pantry, store, sluice rooms
      6CD 2 toilets, 1 pantry, 6071, store, sluice rooms
    7/F 7AB 1 toilets, 1 pantry and all rooms
      7CD 1 toilets, 1 pantry and all rooms
    8/F 8AB 2 toilets, pantry, store
      8CD 1 pantry, 2 toilets, 8049, 8058, 8061, 8071
    9/F 9AB 1 pantry, 2 toilets, 9009, 9015, 9023, 9029, 9030, 9032,

    sluice rooms, store

      9CD 2 toilets, 1 pantry, 9049, 9057, 9058, 9061, dirty utility,

    sluice rooms

     

    2. Nursing Quarter: The lobby, 26 rooms and corridors

    3. Drainage System in the Open Area

    4. Hydropool

    1. Block A: Male Staff Changing Room ,Frail Elderly Clinic

    6. Rear Staircase in Main Block

     

  • Use of a dry suction cleaner

    Use of a dry suction cleaner method:

    1.  
    2. Check your suction cleaner looks safe, if flex or plug is faulty, ( Do not use and report to your supervisor ).
    3.  
    4. Assemble suction cleaner with correct attachment. Wheel into area to be cleaned.
    5.  
    6. Move furniture to one side. Where furniture cannot be moved clean underneath.
    7.  
    8. Plug into the nearest electrical socket and switch on.
    9.  
    10. Always work with the flex behind you. Avoid flex across doorways and corridors.
    11.  
    12. When a section of floor is completed, switch off and unplug.
    13.  
    14. Replace furniture.
    15.  
    16. Move to next convenient electrical socket and continue.

     

  • Care of a dry suction cleaner

  •  

  • Care of a Suction cleaner:
    1.  
    2. When suction cleaning is complete, switch off, unplug and gently rewind flex round correct fixture.
    3.  
    4. Wheel to store.
    5.  
    6. Put o rubber gloves and half fill a plastic bucket with hot water and a squeeze of neutral detergent wring out yellow cloth in hot water and neutral detergent, damp dust attachments and inside the tub. Dry after wards. Put attachments away.
    7.  
    8. Empty bag into rubbish sack and replace.
  • Daily damp dusting round-Ward Areas

    Equipment:

  •  

  • Method:
    1.  
    2. Put on rubber glove.
    3.  
    4. Put rubbish from patients locker into rubbish sack.
    5.  
    6. Remove items from locker top, place on trolley.
    7.  
    8. Pour a little hot water with detergent into plastic bowl. Rinse out yellow cloth, Dust locker tops, bed table, bed head, control panel and outside of bed light (make sure this is switched off first). Damp dust window ,ledges adjacent to the bed, chairs and chairs seat, back and stools. Dry surfaces using paper towel.
    9.  
    10. Replace items on locker.
    11.  
    12. Tip dirty water from bowl into the empty bucket.
    13.  
    14. Move on to next bed, refill bowl. Repeat the procedure until the ward has been damp dusted.
  • Daily damp dusting round-Ward Areas (furniture)

    Equipment:

  •  

  • Method:
    1.  
    2. Damp dust all remaining ward furniture, fixture and fittings, tables, chairs, desks, work surfaces, TV, radio and telephone.
    3.  
    4. Remove marks from mirrors.
    5.  
    6. Damp dust and clean bins.
  • Daily clean of ward clean utility and treatment rooms
  • Equipment:
  •  

  • Method:
    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Empty waste bins.
    3. Suction clean floors including areas under moveable furniture. Dry spills before dry suction cleaning.
    4. Rinse yellow cloth in hot water neutral detergent solution, wring out and damp dust window ledges and work surfaces and dry. Change water frequently.
    5. Following the same method clean, where soiled, all pipes, furniture, fixtures and fittings and remove any marks from paint work and glass panels.
    6. Using bathroom cleaner and a blue cloth, clean washbasins, taps and surrounds. Rinse and dry.
    7. Replace supplies of soap and towels.
    8. Where required change screen curtains.
    9. Using mop with hot water neutral detergent mop floor.
    10. Wash and dry mop bucket. Sent mop head an clothes to laundry daily. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands.
  • Daily clean of ward- (dirty utility rooms)
  • Equipment:
  •  

  • Method:
    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Collect waste sacks and seal top.
    3. Remove any water from floor using paper towel
    4. Plug in suction cleaner, suction clean floor.
    5. Flush bowl and sink.
    6. Clean round inside a sink and bowl.
    7. Fill pastiche bucket with bot water and neutral detergent.
    8. Rinse out green cloth in hot water and neutral detergent, wring out and damp dust window ledges, empty shelves, furniture, work surfaces and bed pan racks and marks from pipes and towel holders.
    9. Rise out cloth, damp dust sack holders and fit with plastic rubbish sacks.
    10. Lean sink using a lavatory brush and green cloth. Remember to include stoppers, taps, tap base, plug hole. Polish taps and dry with paper towel.
    11. Using a lavatory brush, clean the inside of the sluice bowl, giving particular attention to water level and flow. Flush to rinse. Shake brush dry and place in holder.
    12. Wash metal rest, taps, sluice handles, using green cloth . dry with paper towels.
    13. Wash outside the base of sluice bowl and bedpan washing unit using same method.
    14. Fill mop bucket with hot water and a squeeze of neutral detergent, mop floor using green mop.
    15. Empty wash and dry buckets. Mops and cloths are sent to the laundry daily.
    16. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands.
  • Daily cleaning –Wards kitchen
    •  
    • Equipment:
    •  
    • Rubber gloves(red)
    •  
    • Plastic apron
    •  
    • Red cloth
    •  
    • Neutral detergent
    •  
    • Hot water
    •  
    • Green pad
    •  
    • Romp
    •  
    • Mop bucket
    •  
    • Black sack (black)
    •  
    • Paper towels
  • Method:
    1.  
    2. Put on rubber gloves and plastic apron
    3.  
    4. Put away any food deliveries. Remove any spoilt or stale food from the refrigerator and remove any spills.
    5.  
    6. Empty waste bin damp dust holders and fit rubbish sack.
    7.  
    8. Fill sink with hot water and a squeeze of detergent. Wring out red cloth and remove any spillage from work surfaces, hot plate, microwave, inside and out, refrigerator and units, outside of furniture, fixture, fittings and splashmarks from wall . stubborn marks can be removed using a green pad and neutral detergent.
    9.  
    10. Using neutral detergent solution and red cloth, clean washbasins, inside and out, sinks, draining boars and surrounds. Include taps, tap bases and rims, plug holes and chains. Rinse and dry with paper towel.
    11.  
    12. Replace supplier of towels, nail brush and neutral detergent
    13.  
    14. Remove dirty from floor, and dust control mop
    15.  
    16. Half fill mop bucket with hot water and a squeeze of neutral detergent. Using a well wring out mop, damp mop floor
    17.  
    18. Empty wash and dry bucket, send mop and cloths to laundry daily
  • Daily clean of domestic equipment and check clean store
    • Display safety notice
  • Equipment:
    • Rubber gloves
    • Hot water
    • Cloths (yellow)
    • Mop buckets
    • Green cloth
    • Neutral detergent
    • Mop
    • Rubbish sack

     

  • Method:
    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Throw out any empty containers, and rubbish, place in rubbish sack. Ask your supervisor to requisition for any repairs or dispose of irrrepairable equipment.
    3. Remove any spots from the floor using mop bucket with hot water, detergent and yellow mop.
    4. Empty, wash and dry bucket.
    5. Clean bucket sink and surrounds using bathroom and toilet cleaner on a yellow cloth. Clean inside and outside
    6. Seal rubbish, take to collect point.
    7. Placed used mop heads and cloths into net bag’s and end for machine washing.
    8. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands.
  • Mopping a floor (using a double bucket system)
    • Display safety notice
  • Equipment:
    • Mop bucket
    • Mop
    • Rubber gloves
    • Hot water
    • Neutral detergent

     

  • Floor must be dry suction cleaned or dust controlled first

    Method:

    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Half fill first mop bucket with hot water and detergent.
    3. Where appropriate move furniture to one side.
    4. Rinse out the mop in water detergent, wring well into second mop bucket using wringer. It is only necessary or the mop to be damp.
    5. Mop floor edges first and then mop in a figure of 8-action, moving backwards. This allows you to walk on a dry floor.
    6. When the area is complete, replace furniture, move on and repeat the procedure change water frequently. Empty wash and dry bucket. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands. Mops are sent to the laundry daily for machine washing and drying.
  • Daily clean of washbasins/baths/showers
    •  
    • Display safety notice
  • Equipment:
    •  
    • Mop bucket
    •  
    • Mop
    •  
    • Rubbish sack
    •  
    • Paper towels and toilet soap
    •  
    • Rubber gloves
    •  
    • Hot water
    •  
    • Dust control floor mop
  • Method:
    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Change rubbish sack.
    3. Squeeze a little bathroom cleaner onto a blue cloth and clean each washbasin/bath/shower tray inside and out. Remember to include taps, tap rim and base, plug holes, plus, plug chains and splash back. Dry surfaces and polish taps.
    4. Half fill plastic bucket with hot water and one squeeze of neutral detergent. Rinse and wring out blue cloth and damp dust the surfaces of furniture, fixtures, fittings, shower, bath mats and towel holders dry surfaces. Change the water frequently.
    5. Using the same procedure, wipe waste bins and reline with a plastic bag as necessary.
    6. Remove marks from mirrors and polish.
    7. Replenish toilet soap and paper towels.
    8. Half fill mop bucket with hot water and a little neural detergent.
    9. Empty, wash and dry buckets. Send cloth, mop and dust control mop to laundry daily. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands.
  • Daily clean-Toilets and urinals
    • Display safety notice
    • Equipment:
    • Rubber gloves
    • Rubbish sack (black)
    • Lavatory brush
    • Plastic bucket
    • Neutral detergent
    • Green cloth
    • Air fresheners
    • Toilet cleaner
    • Mop bucket
    • Mop
    • Paper towels
    • Toilet tissue hot water
  • Method:
    1. Put on rubber gloves.
    2. Close WC lid and flush. Squirt a little toilet cleaner around WC pan, urinal and stone. Leave.
    3. Empty waste bins into rubbish sack.
    4. Half fill plastic bucket with hot water and a squeeze of neutral detergent.
    5. Rinse and wring out green cloth and damp dust door handle.
    6. Using lavatory brush clean urinal stone, inside of WC and urinals pans. Flush brush under water flow, shake dry and place in holder.
    7. Wash outside of WC urinal pans using green cloth wrung out in hot water detergent. Wash both sides of WC seat including hinges and pipes behind fittings and dry.
    8. Change water between toilets.
    9. Remove dirty from floor and dust control.
    10. Replace toilet tissue and air fresher where needed.
    11. Half fill mop bucket with hot water and a little neutral detergent mop floor.
    12. Empty, wash and dry bucket. Send mop and cloths to laundry daily. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands. Store rubber gloves separately in cleaner room.
  • Daily clean of circulation areas, corridors and staircases
    • Display safety notice
  • Equipment:
    • Yellow cloth
    • Plastic bucket
    • Hot water
    • Rubber gloves
    • Dry suction cleaner
    • Carpet shampoo
    • Dust control mop
    • Black rubbish sack
    • Neutral detergent
    • Mop
    • Mop bucket

     

  • Method:
    1. Assemble equipment on cleaners trolley and put on rubber gloves.
    2. Empty ashtrays and waste containers into rubbish sack. (to avoid injury and cuts do not put hands into waste bins.) damp clean ashtrays, remove marks from containers and reline containers and reline containers where appropriate.
    3. Suction clean hard floors and carpets, stairs, entrance mats and lift door grooves. Hard floors may be dust control mopped as an alternative. Dust mop heads to be dry suction cleaned as they become dirty.
    4. Half fill plastic bucket with hot water and a squeeze of neutral detergent. Rinse and wring out yellow cloth and remove any spillage from vending machine, furniture, fittings, telephones, surfaces, benches, bannisters, bannister rails, ledges, fixture, fittings, window sills, pipes, lift door, control panels, skirting boards and low level surfaces. Change water frequently.
    5. Dry surfaces after cleaning.
    6. Using a double bucket system, neutral detergent with hot water and yellow mop, damp mop floors and stairs. Remember to include floor edges, corners and stair tread uprights. Change water frequently.
    7. Empty, wash and dry buckets. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands. Mops and cloths and dust control mops are sent daily to the laundry for machine washing.
  • Floor maintenance
    • Display safety notice
  • Equipment:
    • Dry suction machine
    • Mop
    • Mop bucket
    • Hot water
    • Rubber gloves
    • Neutral detergent
    • Burnishing machine and drive disc
    • Green cloth

    Method:

    1. Dry suction clean floor.
    2. Put on rubber gloves.
    3. Using water with detergent solution and a mop, damp mop and clean floor.
    4. Assemble burnishing machine with drive disc and spray cleaning pad. Wheel to position.
    5. Plug in machine to the nearest electrical socket, working with the flex behind you, switch on, burnish area to dryness. Change pad frequently. Avoid trailing the cable across doorways an corridors.
    6. Repeat the procedure on small areas of the floor until the floor is completed.
    7. Switch off and unplug the machine. Clean burnishing machine use green cloth.
    8. Wash ads and leave to dry. Empty bucket and hand spray wash and dry. Wash and dry rubber gloves and hands.

    Epicare Antimicrobial Lotion Soap:(pH 9.7)

    Frequent hand washing by health care personal is recommended as part of an infection control program. Lotion Soap is carefully formulated for gentle cleaning.

    Direction for use: Wet skin and spread a small amount of Lotion Soap on hands.

    Work into a rich , Scrub well. Rinse completely and dry hands.

    PanTastic: Concentrated Pot and Pan Detergent(pH 7.0-8.0)

    Pot and Pan Washing:

    Sink One – fill sink using 1oz.of PanTastic per 10 gallons of hot water(110° -120° F).

    Adjust amount of product up or down according to soil loads.

    Sink Two- immerse pots and pans in clean water. Remove and let excess water run back into sink.

    Sink Three- fill sink with warm (75° -100° F). Use MIKROKLENE for a sanitizing rinse, following direction on label. After rinsing, remove, drain and air dry. Do not wipe. Follow local health department regulation for rinsing.

     

    Quik Fill 910: Concentrated Bathroom and Bowl Cleaner (pH 2)

    Direction for use: Heavy- Duty Bathroom Cleaner. Mix only with water .Can react

    violently with alkaline material or metals. Do not mix chlorinated

    detergents or sanitize-will cause hazardous vapors.

     

    Quik Fill 310: Neutral Detergent (pH 7.0-8.0)

    Direction for use: Do not mix with anything but water. Can be used with hot or cold,

    hard water. The cleaning and emulsifying power built with

    Quik Fill 310 enables it to easily maintain floors coated with metal

    interlock finishes. Quik Fill 310 does not leave film or laze and

    does not require rinsing.

     

    OASIS 133: All purpose cleaner & Degreaser concentrate.(pH 10-10.5)

    Direction for use: Do not mix with anything but water. Nonabrasive multipurpose

    cleaner for food service and housekeeping use. For general and

    greasy soils. Use on walls, floors, countertops, equipment, chrome,

    fixture, tile, sinks, shower doors and tubs.

     

    OASIS Enforce: Self – Foaming Chlorinated Alkaline Cleaner(pH >13)

    Direction for use: Do not mix with anything but water. Chlorine cleaner for removing

    protein and other food soils from equipment and floors. Apply by

    foam , spray or soak to clean. Easy rinsing – leaves no film or

    residue.

     

    Medallion : Stainless steel cleaner and polish

    Direction for use: Spray Medllion on area to be cleaned. Wipe off with a clean dry

    cloth until shiny. Medallion forms a long lasting protective coating

    that repels water, prevents penetration of harmful liquids and

    retains its gloss indefinitely.

      • Restores sheen to stainless steel.
      • Removes light soils from surfaces.
  • 3 M brand stainless steel clean and polish/MEDALLION (stainless steel cleaner and polish.)

    Direction for use : - cleans and polish in one operations

      • leaves no greasy film
      • Does outstanding job on stainless steel, chrome, architectural. aluminum and other interior metal surface.
      •  

    FUNCHEM LDQE (remove wax) AND HK polygloss20

    Direction for use : - pour FUNCHEM LDQE on to the floor.

    -leave it about 20 min

  • -pour hot water onto the floor where the area cover by -FUNCHEM LDQE . Then the existing layer wax will be -float up.

    -Remove the wax

    -Polish a first layer wax and let it dry

    -Then polish the second layer wax out the floor and then the floor is created pleasant shine.

    HIGH GEAR (multi-purpose degrease) (add water adjust by machine.)

  • Direction for use for mop floor

  • for break floor using machine

    1- 10 dilution.

    OASIS COMPAC (multi-purpose cleaner) (add water adjust by machine.)

  • Direction for use for housekeeping use
  • for general and greasy soil use one wall floor. Countertop equipment, fixture, tile sinks and tubs.

  • APPLICATION GUIDE :fill spray bottle with solution

    spray surface to be cleaned with solution

    wipe clean and dry with a clean cloth or sponge.

    OASIS COMPAC (QUAT SANITIZER)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:- use on walls

    -Countertops and fixture equipment

    Direction for use : fill spray bottle with solution

    Spray out wall countertops or other surface

  • Not need to rinse with clean water. Let it dry naturally or blow it dry.

    Evergreen H2O All Purpose Disinfectant Cleaner

    Direction for use :

  • Material Water Ratio

  • Floor tile Doors & Windows
  • Furniture & Leather
  • Toilet Closet
  • Bathtub, Basin
  • Routine Cleaning
  • 1:100
  • 1:100
  • 1:16
  • 1:16
  • Dulling Stains
  • 1:12
  • 1:12
  • 1:2
  • 1:2
  •  

  • Material Water Ratio

  • Tiled Wall
  • Stove Exhaust Fan
  • Ventilator
  • Aluminum Windows, Wall
  • Routine Cleaning
  • 1:16
  • 1:4
  • 1:4
  • 1:40
  • Dulling Stains
  • 1:2
  • 1:1
  • 1:1
  • 1:10
  •  

  • Material Water Ratio

  • Refrigerator Fire-Proof Tile
  • Car Engine
  •    
  • Routine Cleaning
  • 1:40
  • 1:4
  •    
  • Dulling Stains
  • 110
  • 1:1
  •    

     

  • Funchem HYPO-6

    (Liquid Bleach & Disinfectant) Sodium Hypochlorite Solution

    TSI – 113 (Liquid Germicidal Detergent)

    Direction of use : 5g-15gm Per 1 litre of water

    Linen system

  • INTRODUCTION

     

    Although soiled linen has been identified as a source of large numbers of pathogenic microorganisms, the risk of actual disease transmission appears negligible. Rather than rigid rules and regulations, hygienic and common sense storage and processing of clean and soiled linen are recommended.

     

    CONTROL MEASURES

     

    Soiled linen can be transported in the hospital by cart or chute. Bagging linen is indicated if chutes are used, since improperly designed chutes can be a means of spreading microorganisms throughout the hospital . Recommendations for handling soiled linen from patients on isolation precautions have been published .

     

    Soiled linen may or may not be sorted in the laundry before being loaded into washer/extractor units. Sorting before washing protects both machinery and linen from the effects of objects in the linen and reduces the potential for recontamination of clean linen that sorting after washing requires. Sorting after washing minimizes the direct exposure of laundry personnel to infective material in the soiled linen and reduces airborne microbial contamination in the laundry . Protective apparel and appropriate ventilation can minimize these exposures.

     

    The microbicidal action of the normal laundering process is affected by several physical and chemical factors . Although dilution is not a microbicidal mechanism, it is responsible for the removal of significant quantities of microorganisms. Soaps or detergents loosen soil and also have some microbicidal properties. Hot water provides an effective means of destroying microorganisms, and a temperature of at least 71°C (160°F) for a minimum of 25 minutes is commonly recommended for hot-water washing. Chlorine bleach provides an extra margin of safety. A total available chlorine residual of 50-150ppm is usually achieved during the bleach cycle. The last action performed during the washing process is the addition of a mild acid to neutralize any alkalinity in the water supply, soap, or detergent. The rapid shift in pH from approximately 12 to 5 also may tend to inactivate some microorganisms.

     

    Recent studies have shown that a satisfactory reduction of microbial contamination can be achieved at lower water temperatures of 22-50°C when the cycling of the washer, the wash formula, and the amount of chlorine bleach are carefully monitored and controlled (6, 7). Instead of the microbicidal action of hot water, low temperature laundry cycles rely heavily on the presence of bleach to reduce levels of microbial contamination. Regardless of whether hot or cold water is used for washing, the temperatures reached in drying and especially during ironing provide additional significant microbicidal action.

     

    If hot water is used, linen should be washed with a detergent in water at least 71°C (160°F) for 25 minutes

     

    If low temperature (<70°C) laundry cycles are used, chemicals suitable for low-temperature washing at proper use concentration should be used

    END

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