These mislocated cells imitate the menstrual cycle, first thickening and then bleeding as menstruation begins. Because the implants are embedded wi6thin other tissue, there is nowhere for the blood to go. The result is irritation of the surrounding tissue which may create a cyst to encapsulate the blister. The cyst, in turn, may become a scar or an adhesion (abnormal tissue that binds organs together).
It is estimated that 10 to 15 percent of American women of childbearing age have endometriosis. Most have no symptoms and require no treatment, but for some this is a progressive disease that becomes more painful and debilitating over time.
Although physicians often can feel patches of endometriosis during a pelvic examination, laparoscopy is the only way to confirm the finding. It is important to be certain, because ovarian cancer produces similar symptoms, and the hormones usually prescribed to treat endometriosis can make cancer grow faster. Laparoscopy is a minor procedure, often done on an out-patient basis.
Treatment for endometriosis includes surgery to remove implants and adhesions, hormonal medications to supress the active adhesions, pain medications to relieve the pain and pregnancy. Many patients also find relief through alternative medicine. Patient response to any of these suggested treatments vary. It is important to develop a working partnership with your dr to decide which treatment is most appropriate.
An excellent source of information is the Endometriosis Sourcebook which you can find in your local bookstore. For more information, see the links below: