People who have nickel allergies react to palladium. Adding dental metals like palladium heightens the risk of illness in some people. Palladium/Copper alloys contain up to 10% indium and can cause severe periodontal disease. Palladium/Copper alloys can be up to 10% Indium, Gallium, Zink, Tin and Cobalt.
Laboratory tests are showing the following toxic effects:
Obstruction of important enzymsystems like creatin-linase, aldolase, alcalite phospatase, carbon-anhydrase, trypsin, chymotropsin.
Disturbance of collage synthesis like bone and cartilage
Obstruction of thymidin in the DNA
Accumulation in diff. organs
Allergic reactions in people with nickel allergy
Early symptoms of toxicity:
Increased salivation
Pain in teeth and jaw
Tongue burning
Cold feeling in mouth
Metal taste
Peeling of mucous membrane around teeth
Fungus like coating in throat and sore throat
Painful, swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Late symptoms:
Dying of teeth
Granulomas
Puss pockets with dead tissue
Swollen tongue
Systemic early symptoms:
Extreme nervousness
Extreme tiredness
Confusion
Memory loss
Dizziness
Migrane headaches
Burning of eyes
Allergies
Impairment of immune system
Burning blisters on body
Systemic late signs:
Nerve pain in the face
Paralysis of face
Muscle cramps of tongue, lips, around eyes
Sinus infection
Bronchitis
Lung ailments without clear reason
Difficutly breathing at night
Problems with stomach, intestines, liver, bladder, kidneys
Weight loss
Joint and muscle pain
Muscle cramps and weakness
Earnoise
Visual disturbance
Depression
Insomnia
Outbreaks of sweat
Palpitation
Difficulty to concentrate
Adverse Health Effects of Palladium
By Bernie Windham
Metal cations in dental alloys such as mercury and palladium are continuously released and accumulate in the kidneys, liver, thyroid, brain, CNS, etc.(1,15). Mercury and palladium have high levels of galvanic current densities when near other metals, with the current densities of Pd alloys approx. 10 times higher than for high noble alloys(16). This causes extensive migration of mercury and palladium to saliva, tooth roots, jaw, gums, and other parts of the body(15,16).
Like mercury, palladium is cytotoxic and kills or damages cells(12,13,14). Palladium also causes considerable damage and degradation of DNA and exacerbates hydroxyl radical damage (13,14). Palladium also damages cell mitochondria and inhibits enzyme activity and function (9,10,11).
Palladium also causes significant numbers of allergic reactions as well as contact dermatitis, stomatitis, lichinoid reactions, and periodontal gum disease(4,5,6,7,8).
Because of its toxicity and high mobility, many cases of palladium poisoning have resulted and palladium in dental alloys has been banned in Switzerland. Likewise the German Health Ministry has been warning dentists since 1993 not to use palladium-copper alloys.
The warning against using palladium alloys came as a result of poisonings and lab tests in Germany that showed the following toxic effects of palladium: Obstruction of important enzyme systems like creatin-linase, aldolase, alcalite phospatase, carbon-anhydrease,trypsin, chymotropsin, cellulase; Disturbance of collage synthesis like bone and cartilage; Obstruction of thymidin in the DNA; Accumulation in body organs; Allergic reaction- esp. for people with nickel allergy.
Based on German studies and cases, early symptoms of palladium toxicity include:
increased salivation; pain in teeth and jaw; burning tounge; cold feeling in mouth; metal taste, peeling of mucous membrane around teeth; fungus like coating in throat and sore throat; painful, swollen lymph nodes in the neck; extreme nervousness, extreme tiredness, confusion, memory loss, dizziness, migraine headaches, burning of eyes, allergies, impairment of immune system, blisters on body.
Late symptoms of palladium poisoning include: dying of the teeth, granulomas, puss pockets with dead tissue, swollen tongue; nerve pain in the face; paralysis of face; muscle cramps of tongue, lips, around eyes; sinus infection, bronchitis and lung ailments without clear reason; difficulty breathing at night; problems with stomach,
intestines, liver, bladder, kidneys; weight loss; joint and muscle pain; muscle cramps and weakness; earnoise; visual disturbance; depression, insomnia; outbreaks of sweat, palpitations, difficulty concentrating.
References
(1) A.Schedle et al, "Response of fibroblasts to various metal cations", J Dent Res, Aug 1995, 74(8):1513-1520.
(2) L. Niemi et al, "In vitro cytotoxicity of Ag-Pd-Cu based alloys", J Biomed Mater Res, May 1985, 19(5):549-561.
(3) S.Takeda et al, "Corrosion behavior of Ag-Pd alloys and its cytotoxicity", shika Zairyo Kikai, Nov 1990, 9(6):825-830.
(4) A.M. Al-roubaie, "Condition of the periodontion of teeth with silver-palladium bridge", Fogorv Sz , Jul 1986, 79(7):207-212.
(5) D. Downey, "Contact mucositis due to palladium", Contact Dermatitis, Jul 1989, 21(1):54.
(6) J.A.Marcusson, "Contact allergies to palladium chloride", Contact Dermatitis, May 1996, 34(5): 320-323.
(7) J.Vilaplana et al, "Adverse oral mucous membrane reactions to dental prostheses", Feb 1994, 30(2): 80-84.
(8) A Henston-Pettersen, "Casting Alloy side effects", Adv Dent Res, Sep 1992, 6:38-43.
(9) G.M.Kolesova et al, "Effect of Palladium compounds on mitrochondrial enzymatic systems", Vopr Med Khim, sep 1979, 25(5):537-540.
(10) J.D. Spikes et al, "Enzyme inhibition by palladium", Biochem Biophys
Res Commun, 1969, 8; 35(3);420-422.
(11) M.D. Shultz et al, "Palladium- a new inhibitor of cellulase enzyme activity", Biochem Biophys Res Commun, Apr 1995, 209(3):1046-1052.
(12) Y Kawata et al, "Cytotoxicity of Pd-Co dental alloys",J Dent Res, Aug
1981, 60(8): 1403-1409.
(13) T.Z.Liu et al, "Palladium exacerbates hydroxyl radical mediated DNA
damage", Free Radic Biol Med, 23(1): 155-161, 1997.
(14) C.K.Pillai et al, "Interaction of palladium with DNA", Biochem Biophys
Acta, Jan 1977, 474(1): 11-16.
(15) W.P Bieger et al, "Immunotoxocolgy of metals", Zur Deutshcen Auszahe,
1996.
(16) K.bonnig et al, "Quantitative analysis of the corrosion rates of
palladium alloys", Dtsch Azhnarztl A 45(8):508-510, Aug 1990. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1990 Aug;45(8):508-510
Title: Quantitative analysis of the corrosion rates of palladium alloys by isolated polarization.
[Article in German]
Boning K, Winkler MM, Lautenschlager EP
Division of Biological Materials der Northwestern University/Chicago.
The corrosion resistance of three palladium alloys and one conventional high noble alloy were examined by isolated polarization. Using this method, isolated plots of the cathodic and anodic reaction can be recorded. The corrosion current is given as the anodic and cathodic plots intercept. The current densities of the palladium alloys were approximately ten times higher than of the high noble alloy. All results were dependent on the acidity of the electrolyte.
Palladium risks and illness in some people