摘 要 本研究的目的在探討「認識特殊兒童」課程對國中生 接納特殊兒童的實驗效果，以及影響學生對殘障者接納態 度的因素。 本研究共分成兩個部份，第一個部份探討「認識特殊 兒童」課程對國中生接納特殊兒童的效果，採「實驗組控 制組前後測」之實驗設計，以研究者自編之「對殘障者態 度量表」為測量工具，除考驗實驗組與控制組的實驗效果 是否有顯著差異外，亦探討不同性別、不同接納態度的實 驗效果是否有顯著不同。第二個部份探討影響學生對殘障 者態度形成與改變的因素，採訪談內容分析的方式整理資 料。 研究樣本為台北市立永春高中國中部一年級學生 137 人，共實施六週的實驗課程，在進行課程之前對 20 位高 、低接納組學生進行態度形成的訪談，在課程進行之後對 20位態度正向、負向改變的學生進行態度因素改變的訪談 。 研究結果如下： 一、實驗組學生對殘障者接納態度的實驗效果，不論是在 整體接納態度或是認知、情感、行為等層次，都沒有 顯著高於控制組學生。 二、不同性別的學生對殘障者接納態度的實驗效果，不論 是在整體接納態度或是認知、情感、行為等層次，都 沒有顯著差異。 三、不同接納態度學生對殘障者接納態度的實驗效果，在 整體接納態度和認知、行為等層次，沒有顯著差異， 但是在情感層次有顯著差異，顯示高接納組的實驗效 果較低接納組佳。 四、影響學生對殘障者態度形成的因素，大致可歸類為： 重要他人的影響、直接接觸經驗、間接接觸經驗、感 同身受的感覺等四項。 五、影響學生改變對殘障者態度的因素，大致可歸類為以 下五項：重要他人的影響、直接接觸經驗、間接接觸 經驗、感同身受的感受、實驗課程的影響。 本研究最後根據研究結果和研究限制，提出對未來研 究的建議，以及對學校、社會大眾和殘障者的建議。
			Effects of the "Understanding Disabled Children" Program on Accepting Disabled Children by Junior High School Students Fang-ling Hsiao Abstract This study investigated : 1) effects of the "understanding Disabled Children" program on modifying attitude toward disabled persons ; 2) factors affecting acceptance attitude. Both experimental and control groups took pre- and post- tests of Attitude Toward Disabled Individuals Scale (ATDIS) to find out experimental effects between:1) experimental and control groups,2) gender,and 3) different acceptance attitude .The researcher also interviewed students to explore factors affecting attitude formation and change. one hundred and thirty-seven junior high school students participated in a 6-week (50 minutes per week)program.Ten students with high acceptance attitude and ten students with low acceptance attitude were interviewed to understand factors affecting attitude formation before the program was implemented .After the program,ten students with positive attitude change and ten students with negative attitude change were interviewed to know factors affecting attitude change. Results indicated as follows: 1) No significant difference was found between both experi- mental and control groups in total ATDIS scale score,cognition, affection and behavior scale scores; 2) No significant difference was found between gender in total ATDIS scale score,cognition,affection and behavior scale scores; 3) No significant difference was found between high and low acceptance attitude in total ATDIS scale score,cognition and behavior scale scores,but significant difference in affection scale score; 4) Factors affecting attitude formation toward disabled persons included influences of significant others,direct experience ,indirect experience ,and empathy. 5) Factors affecting attitude change toward disabled persons included influences of significant others,direct experience , indirect experience,empathy and influence of program. The researcher discussed implications of this study in future research.Suggestions were also made for school system, the public and disabled persons.
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