What
Causes Alcoholism?
There is no definite cause of alcoholism; however,
several factors may play a role in its development. In families with an
alcoholic parent, an offspring is more likely to become an alcoholic than
a person without an alcoholic parent. The reason for this occurrence is
not known, but genetic or biochemical abnormalities may be present. Psychological
factors may include a need for relief of anxiety, unresolved conflict within
relationships, or low self-esteem. Social factors include availability
of alcohol, social acceptance of the use of alcohol, peer pressure, and
stressful lifestyles. Incidence of alcohol dependence is increasing. Statistics
vary, but approximately 7% of adults in the U.S. are affected. Prevention:
Until the primary causes of alcoholism are understood, the disease cannot
be prevented. However, educational programs about alcohol directed at children,
teen-agers, and their parents, as well as appropriate attitudes towards
alcohol use within the home, may help to prevent its abuse.
Symptoms:
-tolerance to the effects of alcohol
-need for daily or frequent use of alcohol
for adequate function
-lack of control over drinking, with inability
to discontinue or reduce alcohol intake
-solitary drinking
-making excuses to drink
-episodes of memory loss associated with
drinking (black outs)
-episodes of violence associated with
drinking
-interference with social and family relationships
-behavioral problems such as missing work
-unexplained mood swings
-secretive behavior to hide alcohol related
behavior
-hostility when confronted about drinking
-neglect of food intake
-neglect of physical appearance
-nausea
-vomiting
-shaking in the morning
-abdominal nain
-cramps
-numbness and tingling
-redness and enlarged capillaries in the
face (especially the nose)
-confusion occupational responsibilities
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms may
vary from mild to severe:
-tremors to uncontrollable body shaking
-restlessness to agitation
-insomnia to total wakefulness
-loss of appetite to rejection of all
food
-nausea
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