Union Forces
2nd Cavalry Division (Army Of The Potomac)
MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE CROOK
April 5, 1865
2nd Brigade - Colonel J. Irvin Gregg
4th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment--- Lieutenant Colonel Alender P. Duncan
8th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment--- Lieutenant Colonel William A. Corrie
16th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment
21st Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment--- Colonel Alvin B. Knowles
Battery "I" 1st U.S. Light Artillery--- Lieutenant Chandler P. Eakin

Jeremiah B. Sites
Regiment Name 165 Pennsylvania Inf. (Drafted Militia) Side Union
Company C Soldier's Rank_In Pvt. Soldier's Rank_Out Pvt. Alternate Name Notes Film Number M554 roll 112
UNION PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS

165th Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry (Drafted Militia) Organized at Chambersburg and Gettysburg November 25-December 5, 1862. Moved to Washington, D. C., thence to Newport News and Suffolk, Va., December 8-17, 1862. Attached to Foster's Brigade, Division at Suffolk, 7th Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to April, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 7th Corps, Dept. of Virginia.

SERVICE.-Duty at Suffolk till May, 1863. Expedition toward Blackwater, Va., January 8-10, 1863. Deserted House January 30. Leesville April 4. Siege of Suffolk April 11-May 4. Edenton, Providence Church and Somerton Roads April 12-13. Somerton Road April 15 and 20. Edenton Road April 24. Operations on Seaboard & Roanoke Railroad May 12-26. Holland House, Carrsville, May 15-16. Dix's Peninsula Campaign June 27-July 7. Expedition from White House to South Anna River July 1-7. South Anna Bridge July 4. Moved to Washington, D. C., July 8. Mustered out July 28, 1863.

Regiment lost during service 1 killed and 1 Officer and 14 Enlisted men by disease. Total 16. Suffolk Other Names: Fort Huger, Hill's Point Location: Suffolk Campaign: Longstreet's Tidewater Operations (February-May 1863) Date(s): April 11-May 4, 1863 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. John Peck [US]; Lt. Gen. James Longstreet [CS] Forces Engaged: Divisions (45,000 total) Estimated Casualties: 152 total (1,160 for entire siege) Description: On April 19, a Union infantry force landed on Hill's Point at the confluence of the forks of the Nansemond River. This amphibious force assaulted Fort Huger from the rear, quickly capturing its garrison, thus reopening the river to Union shipping. On April 24, Brig. Gen. Michael Corcoran's Union division mounted a reconnaissance-in-force from Fort Dix against Maj. Gen. George E. Pickett's extreme right flank. The Federals approached cautiously and were easily repulsed. On April 29, Gen. Robert E. Lee directed Longstreet to disengage from Suffolk and rejoin the Army of Northern Virginia at Fredericksburg. By May 4, the last of Longstreet's command had crossed the Blackwater River en route to Richmond.

Result(s): Inconclusive CWSAC Reference #: VA031 Preservation Priority: II.3 (Class C)

George F. Sites (First_Last) Regiment Name 21 Pennsylvania Cav. Side Union Company B Soldier's Rank_In Pvt. Soldier's Rank_Out Cpl. Alternate Name Notes Film Number M554 roll 112

UNION PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS

21st Regiment, Pennsylvania Cavalry (182nd Volunteers) Organized at Harrisburg February, 1864. (Co. "D" detached April 1, 1864, and duty at Scranton, Pa., entire term.) Regiment moved to Washington, D. C., May 15, 1864, thence to join Army Potomac in the field, arriving at Cold Harbor, Va., June 1. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, Army Potomac, to September, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Corps, to October, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army Potomac, to March, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, to July, 1865.

SERVICE.-Battles about Cold Harbor, Va., June 1-12, 1864. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. August 18-21. Poplar Springs Church September 29-October 2. Sent to City Point October 5 and mounted. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. Warren's Expedition to Hicksford December 7-12. Bellefield December 9-10. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie C. H. March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Paine's Cross Road April 5. Sailor's Creek April 6. Appomattox C. H. April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Expedition to Danville April 23-29. Moved to Lynchburg, Va., and duty there and in Dept. of Virginia till July. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Regiment lost during service 4 Officers and 80 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 116 Enlisted men by disease. Total 202.

Cold Harbor Other Names: Second Cold Harbor Location: Hanover County Campaign: Grant's Overland Campaign (May-June 1864) Date(s): May 31-June 12, 1864 Principal Commanders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and Maj. Gen. George G. Meade [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] Forces Engaged: 170,000 total (US 108,000; CS 62,000) Estimated Casualties: 15,500 total (US 13,000; CS 2,500) Description: On May 31, Sheridan's cavalry seized the vital crossroads of Old Cold Harbor. Early on June 1, relying heavily on their new repeating carbines and shallow entrenchments, Sheridan's troopers threw back an attack by Confederate infantry. Confederate reinforcements arrived from Richmond and from the Totopotomoy Creek lines. Late on June 1, the Union VI and XVIII Corps reached Cold Harbor and assaulted the Confederate works with some success. By June 2, both armies were on the field, forming on a seven-mile front that extended from Bethesda Church to the Chickahominy River. At dawn June 3, the II and XVIII Corps, followed later by the IX Corps, assaulted along the Bethesda Church-Cold Harbor line and were slaughtered at all points. Grant commented in his memoirs that this was the only attack he wished he had never ordered. The armies confronted each other on these lines until the night of June 12, when Grant again advanced by his left flank, marching to James River. On June 14, the II Corps was ferried across the river at Wilcox's Landing by transports. On June 15, the rest of the army began crossing on a 2,200-foot long pontoon bridge at Weyanoke. Abandoning the well-defended approaches to Richmond, Grant sought to shift his army quickly south of the river to threaten Petersburg.

Result(s): Confederate victory CWSAC Reference #: VA062 Preservation Priority: I.1 (Class A) National Park Unit: Richmond NB

Petersburg Other Names: Assault on Petersburg Location: City of Petersburg Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): June 15-18, 1864 Principal Commanders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and Maj. Gen. George G. Meade [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee and Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS]

Forces Engaged: 104,000 total (US 62,000; CS 42,000) Estimated Casualties: 11,386 total (US 8,150; CS 3,236) Description: Marching from Cold Harbor, Meade's Army of the Potomac crossed the James River on transports and a 2,200-foot long pontoon bridge at Windmill Point. Butler's leading elements (XVIII Corps and Kautz's cavalry) crossed the Appomattox River at Broadway Landing and attacked the Petersburg defenses on June 15. The 5,400 defenders of Petersburg under command of Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard were driven from their first line of entrenchments back to Harrison Creek. After dark the XVIII Corps was relieved by the II Corps. On June 16, the II Corps captured another section of the Confederate line; on the 17th, the IX Corps gained more ground. Beauregard stripped the Howlett Line (Bermuda Hundred) to defend the city, and Lee rushed reinforcements to Petersburg from the Army of Northern Virginia. The II, XI, and V Corps from right to left attacked on June 18 but was repulsed with heavy casualties. By now the Confederate works were heavily manned and the greatest opportunity to capture Petersburg without a siege was lost. The siege of Petersburg began. Union Gen. James St. Clair Morton, chief engineer of the IX Corps, was killed on June 17.

Result(s): Confederate victory CWSAC Reference #: VA063 Preservation Priority: III.1 (Class A) National Park Unit: Petersburg NB

Globe Tavern Other Names: Second Battle of Weldon Railroad, Yellow Tavern, Yellow House, Blick's Station Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): August 18-21, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee, Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill, Maj. Gen. Henry Heth, and Maj. Gen. William Mahone [CS]

Forces Engaged: Corps (34,300 total) Estimated Casualties: 5,879 total (4,279 US; 1,600 CS) Description: While Hancock's command demonstrated north of the James River at Deep Bottom, the Union V Corps and elements of the IX and II Corps under command of Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren were withdrawn from the Petersburg entrenchments to operate against the Weldon Railroad. At dawn August 18, Warren advanced, driving back Confederate pickets until reaching the railroad at Globe Tavern. In the afternoon, Maj. Gen. Henry Heth's division attacked driving Ayres's division back toward the tavern. Both sides entrenched during the night. On August 19, Maj. Gen. William Mahone, whose division had been hastily returned from north of James River, attacked with five infantry brigades, rolling up the right flank of Crawford's division. Heavily reinforced, Warren counterattacked and by nightfall had retaken most of the ground lost during the afternoon's fighting. On the 20th, the Federals laid out and entrenched a strong defensive line covering the Blick House and Globe Tavern and extending east to connect with the main Federal lines at Jerusalem Plank Road. On August 21, Hill probed the new Federal line for weaknesses but could not penetrate the Union defenses. With the fighting at Globe Tavern, Grant succeeded in extending his siege lines to the west and cutting Petersburg's primary rail connection with Wilmington, North Carolina. The Confederates were now forced to off-load rail cars at Stony Creek Station for a 30-mile wagon haul up Boydton Plank Road to reach Petersburg. Confederate general John C.C. Sanders was killed on August 21.

Result(s): Union victory CWSAC Reference #: VA072 Preservation Priority: IV.1 (Class B)

Peebles' Farm Other Names: Poplar Springs Church, Wyatt's Farm, Chappell's House, Pegram's Farm, Vaughan Road, Harmon Road Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): September 30-October 2, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, Maj. Gen. John G. Parke, and Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren [US]; Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill and Maj. Gen. Wade Hampton [CS]

Forces Engaged: Corps Estimated Casualties: 3,800 total Description:In combination with Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler's offensive north of the James River, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant extended his left flank to cut Confederate lines of communication southwest of Petersburg. Two divisions of the IX corps under Maj. Gen. John G. Parke, two divisions of the V Corps under Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren, and Brig. Gen. David M. Gregg's cavalry division were assigned to the operation. On September 30, the Federals marched via Poplar Spring Church to reach Squirrel Level and Vaughan Roads. The initial Federal attack overran Fort Archer, flanking the Confederates out of their Squirrel Level Road line. Late afternoon, Confederate reinforcements arrived, slowing the Federal advance. On October 1, the Federals repulsed a Confederate counterattack directed by Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill. Reinforced by Maj. Gen. Gershom Mott's division, the Federals resumed their advance on the 2nd, captured Fort MacRae which was lightly defended, and extended their left flank to the vicinity of Peebles' and Pegram's Farms. With these limited successes, Meade suspended the offensive. A new line was entrenched from the Federal works on Weldon Railroad to Pegram's Farm.

Result(s): Union victory CWSAC Reference #: VA074 Preservation Priority: II.2 (Class B)

Boydton Plank Road Other Names: Hatcher's Run, Burgess' Mill Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): October 27-28, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock [US]; Maj. Gen. Henry Heth [CS] Forces Engaged: Corps (35,000 total) Estimated Casualties: 3,058 total (1,758 US; 1,300 CS) Description: Directed by Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock, divisions from three Union corps (II, V, and IX) and Gregg's cavalry division, numbering more than 30,000 men, withdrew from the Petersburg lines and marched west to operate against the Boydton Plank Road and South Side Railroad. The initial Union advance on October 27 gained the Boydton Plank Road, a major campaign objective. But that afternoon, a counterattack near Burgess' Mill spearheaded by Maj. Gen. Henry Heth's division and Maj. Gen. Wade Hampton's cavalry isolated the II Corps and forced a retreat. The Confederates retained control of the Boydton Plank Road for the rest of the winter.

Result(s): Confederate victory CWSAC Reference #: VA079 Preservation Priority: I.3 (Class B)

Hatcher's Run Other Names: Dabney's Mill, Rowanty Creek, Armstrong's Mill, Vaughan Road Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): February 5-7, 1865 Principal Commanders: Commanders: Maj. Gen. A.A. Humphreys and Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren [US]; Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon [CS] Forces Engaged: 48,352 total (US 34,517; CS 13,835) Estimated Casualties: 2,700 total Description: On February 5, Bvt. Brig. Gen. David Gregg's cavalry division rode out to the Boydton Plank Road via Ream's Station and Dinwiddie Court House in an attempt to intercept Confederate supply trains. Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren with the V Corps crossed Hatcher's Run and took up a blocking position on the Vaughan Road to prevent interference with Gregg's operations. Two divisions of the II Corps under Maj. Gen. A.A. Humphreys shifted west to near Armstrong's Mill to cover Warren's right flank. Late in the day, Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon attempted to turn Humphreys right flank near the mill but was repulsed. During the night, the Federals were reinforced by two divisions. On February 6, Gregg returned to Gravelly Run on the Vaughan Road from his unsuccessful raid and was attacked by elements of Brig. Gen. John Pegram's Confederate division. Warren pushed forward a reconnaissance in the vicinity of Dabney's Mill and was attacked by Pegram's and Maj. Gen. William Mahone's divisions. Pegram was killed in the action. Although the Union advance was stopped, the Federals extended their siegeworks to the Vaughan Road crossing of Hatcher's Run.

Result(s): Union gained ground CWSAC Reference #: VA083 Preservation Priority: II.2 (Class B) Dinwiddie Court House Other Names: None Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): March 31, 1865 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Maj. Gen. George Pickett and Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee [CS] Forces Engaged: 65,277 total (US 45,247; CS 20,030) Estimated Casualties: 821 total Description: On March 29, with the Cavalry Corps and the II and V Corps, Sheridan undertook a flank march to turn Gen. Robert E. Lee's Petersburg defenses. A steady downpour turned the roads to mud, slowing the advance. On March 31, Maj. Gen. W.H. Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry and Pickett's infantry division met the Union vanguard north and northwest of Dinwiddie Court House and drove it back, temporarily stalling Sheridan's movement. With Union infantry approaching from the east, Pickett withdrew before daybreak to entrench at the vital road junction at Five Forks. Lee ordered Pickett to hold this intersection at all hazard.

Result(s): Confederate victory CWSAC Reference #: VA086 Preservation Priority: II.3 (Class C)

Five Forks Other Names: None Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 1, 1865 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Maj. Gen. George Pickett [CS] Forces Engaged: Corps Estimated Casualties: 3,780 total (US 830; CS 2,950) Description:Gen. Robert E. Lee ordered Pickett with his infantry division and Munford's, W.H.F. Lee's, and Rosser's cavalry divisions to hold the vital crossroads of Five Forks at all hazard. On April 1, while Sheridan's cavalry pinned the Confederate force in position, the V Corps under Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren attacked and overwhelmed the Confederate left flank, taking many prisoners. Sheridan personally directed the attack, which extended Lee's Petersburg lines to the breaking point. Loss of Five Forks threatened Lee's last supply line, the South Side Railroad. The next morning, Lee informed Jefferson Davis that Petersburg and Richmond must be evacuated. Union general Winthrop was killed; "Willie" Pegram, beloved Confederate artillery officer, was mortally wounded. Dissatisfied with his performance at Five Forks, Sheridan relieved Warren of command of the V Corps.

Result(s): Union victory CWSAC Reference #: VA088 Preservation Priority: III.1 (Class A)

Sailor's Creek Other Names: Hillsman Farm, Lockett Farm Location: Amelia County, Prince Edward County, and Nottoway County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 6, 1865 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Lt. Gen. Richard Ewell and Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon [CS] Forces Engaged: Corps Estimated Casualties: 9,980 total Description: On April 6 at Sailor's Creek, nearly one fourth of the retreating Confederate army was cut off by Sheridan's Cavalry and elements of the II and VI Corps. Most surrendered, including Confederate generals Richard S. Ewell, Barton, Simms, Kershaw, Custis Lee, Dubose, Hunton, and Corse. This action was considered the death knell of the Confederate army. Upon seeing the survivors streaming along the road, Lee exclaimed "My God, has the army dissolved?" Result(s): Union victory CWSAC Reference #: VA093 Preservation Priority: II.2 (Class B)

Appomattox Court House Other Names: None Location: Appomattox County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 9, 1865 Principal Commanders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] Forces Engaged: Armies Estimated Casualties: 700 total (27,805 Confederate soldiers paroled) Description:Early on April 9, the remnants of John Broun Gordon's corps and Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry formed line of battle at Appomattox Court House. Gen. Robert E. Lee determined to make one last attempt to escape the closing Union pincers and reach his supplies at Lynchburg. At dawn the Confederates advanced, initially gaining ground against Sheridan's cavalry. The arrival of Union infantry, however, stopped the advance in its tracks. Lee's army was now surrounded on three sides. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9. This was the final engagement of the war in Virginia. Result(s): Union victory CWSAC Reference #: VA097 Preservation Priority: III.1 (Class A) National Park Unit: Appomatax Court House NHP

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