War against the merchantmarine

U-boats 1939-October 1940

In the first 6 months of the war 164 merchantmen were sunk by U-boats.

From mid March to the end of May 1940 Germany grouped her U-boats to cover the invasion of Norway.

From June to September 211 merchantmen were sunk by German U-boats.

In October 63 ships were sunk by U-boats. From October 18-20, 7 U-boats sunk 17 out of 34 freighters of convoy S.C.7 and 6 U-boats sunk 14 out of 49 ships from convoy H.X.79.

After 14 months of war the lossess of British, allied and neutral shipping amounted to a total of 471 ships sunk by Uboats

Surface raiders 1939-October 1940

The German pocketbattleship Deutschland sank 3 ships on its first voyage.

The German Graf Spee sank 9 ships on its first and only voyage.

Aircraft

In May 1940 36 merchantmen were sunk by aircraft.

In the months of June, July and August a total of 73 ships were sunk by aircraft.

Total lossess by all causes to British, allied and neutral ships amounted to 1,026 ships lost by the end of October 1940.

Surface raiders October 1940-March 1941

Hipper, Admiral Scheer, Gneisenau and Scharnhorst all put to sea sinking or capturing 64 merchantmen. The success of Admiral Scheer's voyage ultimately led to the loss of Bismarck who failed to run the allied gauntlet and break out into the open sea.

U-boats March-June 1941

200 merchantships were sunk in this period of time

U-boats October-December 1941

69 merchantships were sunk in this period.

Total U-boat losses for 1941 were 53 boats compared with a figure of 42 in 1940.

May 1943
A total of 43 U-boats were sunk this month.

U-boats January-May 1944

78 merchantmen sunk at a cost of 90 U-boats.

U-boats 8 September- 5 October 1943

8 U-boats sunk leaving Norwegian waters. U-220, U-422, U-419, U-643, U-470, U-282, U-540, and U-842.
Three escort ships sunk and a third damaged by U-boats in the third week of September 1943.

U-boats June 1944

5 ships sunk at a cost of 24 U-boats.

U-boats July-September 1944

37 ships sunk at a cost of 78 U-boats destroyed.

U-boats October 1944-End

71 merchantmen sunk for a loss of 172 U-boats.

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