Universidad de Costa Rica

Sede Rodrigo Facio

Facultad de Ingeniería

Escuela en Ciencias de la Computación e Informática

Curso: Redes de Computadoras

Profesor: Luis Loría

 

 

 

 

 

 

REPORTE DE LABORATORIO

 

 

LABORATORIO # 5

 

 

 

 

 

 

Realizado por:

            Karol Salazar Garro                        A03849                    

            Yesenia Gonzalez Villalobos          971540

Diana Gonzalez Vargas                  971537

            Esteban Brenes Chavarría            940596

 

 

 

 

 

2 Semestre

2004

 

Índice

Índice. 2

Introducción.. 2

Descripción del Laboratorio.. 3

Problema.. 3

Objetivo.. 3

Desarrollo del laboratorio.. 3

Descripción de cada una de las actividades del laboratorio.. 3

Teoría que apoye los conocimientos del laboratorio. 6

Ejemplos y resultados obtenidos en el laboratorio.. 9

Bibliografía.. 9

 

Introducción

 

En este laboratorio se dan los conceptos básicos de la configuración del router en cisco, y se trabaja son la necesidad de tener un router real conectado, basta con una simulación del mismo. Presentamos cada uno de los  pasos que seguimos para hacer esta configuración de la manera correcta.

 

 

Descripción del Laboratorio

 

Problema

Se presenta una topología de red, en la cual hay que configurar los distintos router que se necesitan para el correcto funcionamiento de la red, esto se hace de manera simulada, no existe ningún router real.

 

Objetivo

Aprender a configurar routers (en este caso Cisco) y entender todos los conceptos teóricos y prácticos para lograrlo.

 

 

 

Desarrollo del laboratorio

 

     Descripción de cada una de las actividades del laboratorio

 

En un principio se nos da la topologia de la red:

 

 

 

 

 

Y se nos da un test de configuración el cual debemos ir haciendo, al inicio este test aparecen todas las actividades marcadas como no realizas, cada vez que se completaba una actividad esta se iba marcando como realizada.

 

 

 

 

Test de configuración al inicio

 

 

 

 

 

Seguidamente empezamos a completar esa tabla,  y asi configurar el router, el orden que escogimos es indiferente, nosotros empezamos por las cosas más fáciles y rapidas como asignar las ip o poner el login y el password.

 

En las siguientes imágenes, se presenta la forma en que fuimos configurando el router, y los pasos que seguimos.

 

 

 

 

 

Teoría que apoye los conocimientos del laboratorio.

 

Estas son algunas de los comando que utilizamos para la configuración, esta es una lista de comandos proporcionados por la pagina oficial de cisco.

 

 

Basic Cisco Router Commands

( Not All Commands May Be Available Without Enable Access Or Router Version )

Router Name>	User executable mode, view but can’t make changes
Router Name>  enable	Gets you to Privilege mode allowing you to make changes to the router
Router Name #	Privilege mode, changes can now be made to router
Router Name #  disable	To get back to user mode
Router Name #  exit	To exit router
Router Name # shft+ctrl+6	Break Key
Router Name # write erase	To clear all previous configurations
Router Name # reload	Reboot the router
Router Name # setup	Setup command brings up the configuration dialog box.

Some Router Show Commands

Router Name # sh ?	shows parameters supported by the router
Router Name # sh int	shows status of all interfaces
Router Name # sh int s0	shows status of interface you selected, ie: s0, s1, e0, e1, ...
Router Name # sh ip int	view ip parameters
Router Name # sh ip int brief	brief summary of all interfaces and status
Router Name # sh ip route	shows networks available to interface and routing table
Router Name # sh proc cpu	shows CPU utilization on router
Router Name # sh mem	shows memory utilization
Router Name # sh mem big	to see the largest blocks of memory
Router Name # sh log	to check recent history of router
Router Name # sh version	shows summary of hardware and reason for last reload
Router Name # sh diag	shows more detailed hardware information
Router Name # sh flash	shows IOS file
Router Name # sh run	shows running configurations on router ( version 10.3 and above )
Router Name # wr t	shows running configurations on router (version 10.3 below/above)
Router Name # sh env all	shows current router temps, power supply and general health of router
Router Name # sh env table	shows warning levels for shutdown to take place
Router Name # sh startup-config	shows saved config in NVRAM
Router Name # sh controllers(int)	shows serial line configurations. Make sure a space is used for int. ie: s 0
Router Name # sh cdp neighbor	shows directly connected neighbors
Router Name # sh cdp neighbors detail	shows detail of directly connected devices: (router, bridge, switch)
Router Name # sh cdp int	shows which interfaces are running CDP
Router Name # sh arp	shows lan devices and mac address' ( arp table )
Router Name # sh ip arp	shows the arp table in the router
Router Name # sh protocol	shows which protocols are configured
Router Name # sh ip protocol	shows routing protocol configured and parameters
Router Name # sh ip route isis	displays all routes in the route table that originated in ISIS
Router Name # sh isis spf-log	displays information on the duration/cause of recent SPF runs
Router Name # sh isis database	displays all information known by ISIS
Router Name # sh isis database detail …	displays contents of entire LSP (add router info, hr1.lga2.00-00)
Router Name # sh isis topology	summary of best path from router to every other router
Router Name # sh ip bgp	lists all routes learned from bgp
Router Name # sh ip bgp <route>	shows BGP information for that particular route, use w/ sh ip rou
Router Name #sh ip bgp community-list	add list # to end of string. Bgp routes that match a given list
Router Name # sh ip bgp filter-list	bgp routes that match a given AS path filter list
Router Name # sh ip bgp neigh(address)	shows the details on a route in the route table
Router Name # sh ip bgp sum	used to view the status of a BGP session
Router Name # sh route-map (name)	show the details of a specific route-map
Router Name # sh adjacency detail	adjacency table used by CEF. Verify router/device is discovered
Router Name # sh ip cef	to view the CEF cache or FIB (forwarding information base) table
Router Name # sh ip cef summary	gives an overview of the cef entries
Router Name # sh cef not-cef-switched	if CEF is enabled, this will show packets not being CEF switched
Router Name # sh standby	displays the information on the operation of HSRP
Router Name # sh standby brief	displays a summary of interfaces running HSRP
Router Name # sh standby (interface)	displays state of the port, hello intervals, MAC address, config
R# sh mpls traffic-eng tunnels tunnel #	displays tunnels between hops in a route masked by MPLS

Some Basic Switch Commands

( Not All Commands May Be Available Without Enable Access )

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

Switch1> ?	responds with main help menu
Switch1> hist	to view a listing of previous commands used
Switch1> show ?	responds with various show commands
Switch1> show ver	information about IOS and hardware components
Switch1> show module	quick view of status on all modules
Switch1> show port	provides general summary of all ports: errors, collisions, speed, duplex
Switch1> show port (#)	specific information for a individual port
Switch1> show port status	provides single line general summary of all ports
Switch1> show mac (port#)	summary information on what has been sent and received on a given port
Switch1> show test (module#)	if a module is in failed status, show test will show specifics
Switch1> show log	shows history of switch on a per module basis
Switch1> show config	shows configurations on switch
Switch1> show system	shows uptime and levels of utilization
Switch1> show vlan	lists the VLAN's that are resident on the switch
Switch1> show cam	lists the LAN switch transparent bridging table
Switch1> sh cam (mac address)	to locate a single MAC address
Switch1> show cam dynamic	lists all dynamically learned MAC addresses
Switch1> show span	lists info on a port listening/diagnostics feature (switched port analyzer)
Switch1> show spantree (port#)	allows you to see the spantree status of a specific port
Switch1> show trunk	provides a summary of the ports in trunking mode

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

Some Router Enable Commands

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable A Port

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# int   (+ interface you are designating, token ring must put in ring speed 16 or 4)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ip address _._._._ (mask)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# no shut

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Disable A Port

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# int (interface or port)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# shut

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable A Protocol

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

Different protocols will have different instructions below is a generic example:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# router      (protocol type + any extensions needed in instructions)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# network   (+ IP address)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Disable A Protocol

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# no router (+ protocol type)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Change Router Name

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# hostname Jim  (global command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ctrl z

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

From Config T settings:

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ctrl z (to save settings and execute the command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ctrl c (starts over, abort)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# write mem (saves everything to NV Ram)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# write t (shows running configurations, also can use show run)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# telnet  (to telnet into another router)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ip host name (name & address - To Build Host Table - Global Command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# no host  (to remove a host name)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

* On a 4000 series router you must specify what type of media is being used:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# int (+ interface you plan to configure, ie: e0, s0, ... screen changes, major command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# media-type 10baseT (or whichever media is being used, sub command)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable RIP

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# router rip

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# network (+ network address, ie: 150.111.0.0 )

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# int (+ interface you plan to configure, ie: e0, s0, ... screen changes)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Config-if# ip address 150.11.1.1 255.255.255.0 (full statement with subnet mask, sub command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Config-if# no shut  (this logically activates the interface, required at every interface configuration)         

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable SNMP

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# snmp server community public    (RO, RW)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable IPX (Novell)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ipx routing

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# int (+ interface you plan to configure, ie: e0, s0, ... screen changes)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# ipx network (ipx address)

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--> Router Name # sh ipx servers	<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--> shows ipx servers on the network
Router Name # sh ipx route	shows ipx networks seen by the routers
Router Name # sh ipx traffic	shows ipx related protocols

Router Name # sh ipx int                            view ipx address on an interface

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

To Enable VTY

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# config t enable password cisco enter    (global command)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# line vty 0 4

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# login

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·         <!--[endif]-->Router Name# password cisco

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]-->

 

 

   Ejemplos y resultados obtenidos en el laboratorio

 

 

 

Resultado final del test de Configuración

 

 

 

Bibliografía

 

http://www.cisco.com/

http://shadowfax.ecci.ucr.ac.cr/material/Enrutamiento/