( ATX ) ( Chipset ) ( ÈѾ·ìà·¤¹Ô¤ ) ( Socket ) ( Port ) ( Bus ) |
ATX Form Factor
à»ç¹ÃٻẺ¡ÒèѴÇҧǧ¨Ãº¹ ἧǧ¨ÃËÅÑ¡ ãËéÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¡ÃЪѺ¢Ö鹡ÇèÒ á¼§Ç§¨ÃËÅÑ¡ Ẻà¡èÒ ¤×Í AT à¾×èÍãËé»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¡Ò÷ӧҹâ´ÂÃÇÁ¢Í§ ἧǧ¨ÃËÅÑ¡ ´Õ¢Öé¹ àªè¹ ¡ÒÃÂéÒµÓá˹觢ͧ CPU Socket ãËéÍÂÙèä¡Å¨Ò¡ Slot à¾×èÍãËé¡ÒõԴµÑé§ Card ÊÒÁÒö·Óä´éÊдǡâ´ÂäÁèµÔ´¢Ñ´¡Ñº CPU , ¡ÒÃÂéÒµÓáË¹è§ Ë¹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó Socket ãËéÍÂÙèã¡Åé¡Ñº CPU áÅÐ Slot à¾×èÍãËé¡ÒÃÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙÅÃÐËÇèÒ§ CPU , ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó áÅÐ Card ÊÒÁÒö·Óä´éÃÇ´àÃçÇ¢Ö鹡ÇèÒẺ AT Form
ATX ÁÕ¾ÍÃìµ ¢¹Ò¹ ¤ÍÁ1, ¤ÍÁ2, ¢ÑéǵèÍá»é¹¾ÔÁ¾ìáÅÐàÁÒÊì Ẻ PS/2 ÍÂÙ躹ºÍÃì´
¢³Ð·Õè AT µéͧµèÍÊÒ¨ҡºÍÃì´ä»Âѧ´éÒ¹ËÅѧà¤ÊáÅÐ ATX ÊÒÁÒöãªé¤Ø³ÊÁºÑµÔà»Ô´à¤Ã×èͧâ´Âà¤ÒÐ Space bar ä´éâ´ÂäÁèµéͧ¡´»ØèÁà»Ô´ÊÇÔ·ªì áÅÐà»Ô´à¤Ã×èͧä´é´éÇÂÊÑҳῡ«ì·Õèà¢éÒÁÒ¨Ò¡âÁà´Á »Ô´à¤Ã×èͧâ´ÂäÁèµéͧ¡´»ØèÁ»Ô´ÊÇÔ·ªìà¾ÒàÇÍÃì (soft power off) áÅÐÁÕÊÑÒ³ EMI µèÓ ·ÓãËéÁÕÊÑҳú¡Ç¹¹éÍÂ
ATX ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ áÅСÒÃÃкÒ¤ÇÒÁÃé͹´Õ¡ÇèÒ AT ¹Ô´¹Ö§ ,Connector ·Õè¨ÐµèÍŧM/B ãªéá·¹¡Ñ¹äÁèä´é
áÅÐ ATX äÁèÁÕ»ÅÑé¡ãËéÊÓËÃѺ ¨ÍÀÒ¾ àÊÕºàËÁ×͹Ẻ AT
ATX FormAT Form
ἧǧ¨ÃËÅÑ¡·Õè¶Ù¡Í͡Ẻà¾×èÍ·Ó§Ò¹ÃèÇÁ¡Ñº«Õ¾ÕÂÙྐྵà·ÕÂÁ MMX ÁÕª×èÍÇèÒ 430 TX «Öè§à»çè¹á¼§Ç§¨ÃËÅÑ¡·Õè·Ò§ÍÔ¹à·Å¾Ñ²¹Ò¢Öé¹ â´Â͹ءÃÁ¢Í§ 430 ¹Õé¨Ðà»ç¹á¼§Ç§¨ÃËÅÑ¡·Õè¶Ù¡ãªé¡Ñº«Õ¾ÕÂÙྐྵà·ÕÂÁà»ç¹ËÅÑ¡áÅÐã¹Í¹Ø¡ÃÁ 440 ¨Ðãªé¡Ñºà¾¹à·ÕÂÁâ»Ã
Package | 1*PQFP, 1*MBGA |
Dual / Multi CPU Support | No |
Max.L2 Cache Size | 512 KB-Pipelined Burst |
DRAM Support | 256 MB-6 RAS lines |
MAX.Cacseable DRAM | 64 MB |
DRAM ECC Support | No |
DRAM Refresh | CAS before RAS |
No.off CPU Write Buffers | Don't know |
PCI Spectification | 2.1 |
USB Support | Yes |
ATA-33 Extenstion | Yes |
PIO Master/Slave Independent Drive Timing | Yes |
DMA Bus Master Support | Yes |
430 TX à»ç¹á¼§Ç§¨ÃËÅÑ¡ÃØè¹ÊØ´·éÒ·Õè¨ÐÃͧÃѺ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§«Õ¾ÕÂÙã¹Í¹Ø¡ÃÁྐྵà·ÕÂÁ·Õè¾Ñ²¹Òâ´ÂÍÔ¹à·Å«Öè§ÍÔ¹à·Å
¤Ò´ËÇѧ·Õè¨Ð¾ÅÑ¡´Ñ¹ãËé¼Ùé·Õèµéͧ¡ÒäÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÊÙ§ æ ÇÔè§à¢éÒÊÙèྐྵà·ÕÂÁÊͧ¢Í§µ¹àͧ«Öè§à»ç¹ÍÕ¡ÃØè¹Ë¹Ö觢ͧྐྵ
à·ÕÂÁâ»Ã â´Âä´éÁÕ¡ÒþèǧàÍÒà·¤â¹âÅÂբͧ MMX äÇé´éÇ ËÃ×Íà»ç¹«Õ¾ÕÂÙ·ÕèÃÙé¨Ñ¡¡Ñ¹ã¹ª×èͧ͢ Klamath ¹Ñè¹àͧ
¡ÒÃÍ͡Ẻ 430 TX ÂÖ´ÃÙ»¿ÍÃìÁ¢Í§ ATM àÍÒäÇéÍÂèÒ§ÊÁºÃÙ³ì ¹Ñ蹤×Í¡ÒõԴµÑ駫վÕÂÙáÅР˹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓàÍÒäÇéã¡Åéæ ¡Ñ¹«Öè§
¨Ð·ÓãËé¡ÒÃÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙÅÃÐËÇèÒ§«Õ¾ÕÂÙáÅÐ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Óà»ç¹ä»ä´éÍÂèÒ§ÃÇ´àÃçÇÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒã¹á¼§Ç§¨ÃËÅÑ¡ÃØè¹à¡èÒ ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹ÕéáÅéÇÂѧÁÕÃкº
ÍÔ¹à·ÍÃìà¿«¢Í§ IDE µÔ´µÑé§ÍÂÙè㹺ÃÔàdz¹Ñé¹´éÇÂáÅÐ ´éÇ¿ÍÃìÁ¢Í§ ATX ¨Ð·ÓãËé¡ÒÃÃкÒ¤ÇÒÁÃé͹ÀÒÂã¹à¤Ã×èͧà»ç¹ä»ä´é
´éÇÂ´Õ â´ÂÁվѴÅÁµÔ´µÑé§àÍÒäÇéã¡Åé«Õ¾ÕÂÙà¾×èÍ´Ù´¤ÇÒÁÃé͹ÍÍ¡ä» 430 TX à»ç¹¾Ñ²¹Ò¡ÒõèÍà¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ 430 VX ¶Ö§¡ÃйÑé¹Áѹ
¡çÂѧ¤§äÁèÁÕ¡ÒÃʹѺʹع ECC áÅÐÃкºËÅÒ«վÕÂÙÍÂÙè´ÕÍÕ¡·Ñ駨ӹǹ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓÊÙ§ÊØ´·ÕèµÔ´µÑé§ä´é¡çÁÕà¾Õ§ 256 àÁ¡Ð亵ì
à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·ÕèÍÂÙèà˹×ÍÊÔè§Í×è¹ã´ã¹ºÍÃì´ÃØè¹¹Õé¤×Í DMA/33EIDE protocol «Öè§ÊÒÁÒöà¾ÔèÁÍѵÃÒ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ÍÔ¹à·ÍÃà¿« EIDE
ãËéÊÙ§¢Ö鹶֧ 33 àÁ¡Ð亵ìµèÍÇÔ¹Ò·Õ ÊÔ觷Õè TX ä´éÃѺ¡ÒûÃѺ»Ãاà¾ÔèÁàµÔÁ¢Öé¹ÁÒ¨Ò¡ VX ÁմѧµèÍ仹Õé
1. SDRAM Timing à»ç¹ 5-1-1-1 ¨Ò¡ VX ·Õèà»ç¹ 7-1-1-1 «Ö觷ÓãËé TX ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ
2. ʹѺʹع ATA-33 ËÃ×Í DMA/33
3. ÁÕ 6 CAS lines ã¹¢³Ð·Õè VX ÁÕ 4 CAS «Ö觷ÓãËéºÍÃì´ TX ÊÒÁÒöµÔ´µÑé§Ë¹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓẺ SIMM ä´é 6 ªØ´
ËÃ×Í µÔ´µÑé§ DIMM ä´é 3 ªØ´ â´ÂºÍÃì´ VX ¨ÐµÔ´µÑé§ SIMM ä´é 4 ªØ´ ËÃ×Í DIMM ä´é 2 ªØ´à·èÒ¹Ñé¹
4. ÁÕ PCI Bus ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ 1 ªèͧ
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㹡ÒÃãªé¤Ø³ÊÁºÑµÔ AGP ÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒÃì´áÊ´§¼Å¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÊÙ§ áÅÐÃкººÑÊ 100 àÁ¡ÐàÎÔõ«ì¡ç¨Ðãªéä´é´ÕµÒÁä»´éÇ ¼Å·ÕèµÒÁÁÒ¡ç¤×Í
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¤ÃÑé§ãËèàÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ áµèÊÓËÃѺâ¹éµºØ꡹Ñé¹ÂѧµéͧÃÍÃкººÑÊ 100 àÁ¡ÐàÎÔõ«ì 仨¹»ÅÒ»չÕéáÅÐ ÂѧµéͧÃͤسÊÁºÑµÔ¢Í§ AGP ÃØè¹·ÕèÊͧ仨¹¡ÃзÑè§»Õ 2542 áÅÐ
Chipset 440GX ÊÓËÃѺàÇÔÃì¤Ê൪Ñè¹áÅÐà«ÔÃì¿àÇÍÃì·Õèãªéâ»Ãà«Êà«ÍÃì 1 - 2 µÑÇ
ʹѺʹع˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó 2 GB, ¡ÒÃì´ AGP, Slot 2 áÅÐ
Chipset 450NX
ÊÓËÃѺàÇÔÃì¤Ê൪Ñè¹áÅÐà«ÔÃì¿àÇÍÃì·Õèãªéâ»Ãà«Êà«ÍÃì 4 µÑÇ¢Öé¹ä» ʹѺʹع˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó 8 GB,ºÑÊ 32
ºÔµ,Slot 2 áÅСÒÃì´ AGP «Ö觨РSupport CPU Pentium II XEON
à»ç¹ÃØè¹ÃÒ¤Ò¶Ù¡¢Í§ BX
ãªé¡Ñº Pentium II áÅÐ III ʹѺʹع CPU à¾Õ§µÑÇà´ÕÂÇ
ʹѺʹع SDRAM à¾Õ§ 256 MB äÁèʹѺʹع Parity Check
ãªéÃкººÑÊ 100/133 àÁ¡ÐàÎÔõ«ì ãªé¡Ñº PC100 SDRAM 100 MHz
ãªé¡Ñº Harddisk Ẻ ATA-33/66 MB/s
à¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ㹡ÒöèÒÂâ͹¢éÍÁÙÅÊÙ§ÊØ´·Õè 266 Åéҹ亷ìµèÍÇÔ¹Ò·Õ â´Âãªéà·¤â¹âÅÂÕ Accelerated Hub Architecture «Ö觪èÇÂÅ´»ÑËҤ͢Ǵ¢Í§ PCI áÅÐà¾ÔèÁ bandwidth 㹡ÒÃÊ觢éÍÁÙÅà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹à·èÒµÑÇ
áÅÐ à¾ÔèÁ¢Õ´¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö㹡ÒÃâµéµÍº¢éÍÁÙÅä´éàÃçÇÂÔ觢Öé¹(Real Time Response)
áÅÐ ÁÕ RNG(Random Number Generator)ªèÇÂ㹡ÒÃá»Å§ÃËÑÊà¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑÂ㹡ÒÃÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙżèÒ¹ Internet
Êèǹã¹ÃØè¹ 810e ¨ÐÁÕ¡Òü¹Ç¡¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö·Ò§´éÒ¹ 3D Graphics(Direct AGP) ·ÓãËéäÁèµéͧ«×éÍ AGP Graphic Card à¾ÔèÁàµÔÁ
áÅÐÂѧÊÒÁÒöÃͧÃѺ FSB(Font Side Bus) ·Õè¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÊÙ§ÊØ´ 133 MHz ä´é´éÇÂ
ãªéÃкººÑÊ 100/133 àÁ¡ÐàÎÔõ«ì ãªé¡Ñº RDRAM áÅÐPC100 SDRAM 100 MHz
ãªé¡Ñº Harddisk Ẻ ATA-33/66 MB/s
ʹѺʹع AGP 4X à¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¡ÒÃáÊ´§¼Å 3 ÁÔµÔãËéÊÁ¨ÃÔ§ÂÔ觢Öé¹
ÁդسÊÁºÑµÔ Error Correction Code(ECC)º¹ºÑʢͧᤪ L2
ʹѺʹع«Õ¾ÕÂÙ 2 µÑÇ
à¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ㹡ÒöèÒÂâ͹¢éÍÁÙÅÊÙ§ÊØ´·Õè 266 Åéҹ亷ìµèÍÇÔ¹Ò·Õ â´Âãªéà·¤â¹âÅÂÕ Accelerated Hub Architecture «Ö觪èÇÂÅ´»ÑËҤ͢Ǵ¢Í§ PCI áÅÐà¾ÔèÁ bandwidth 㹡ÒÃÊ觢éÍÁÙÅà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹à·èÒµÑÇ
áÅÐ à¾ÔèÁ¢Õ´¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö㹡ÒÃâµéµÍº¢éÍÁÙÅä´éàÃçÇÂÔ觢Öé¹(Real Time Response)
áÅÐ ÁÕ RNG(Random Number Generator)ªèÇÂ㹡ÒÃá»Å§ÃËÑÊà¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑÂ㹡ÒÃÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙżèÒ¹ Internet
ÁÕ¨Ó˹èÒ·Ñé§áºº Slot 1áÅÐ FC-PGA 370 pin
à»ç¹ªÔ¾à«µÊÓËÃѺ Workstation áÅÐ Server
ʹѺʹع AGP 4X áÅÐ RDRAM
ʹѺʹعFSB 133 MHz
ʹѺʹع«Õ¾ÕÂÙ 4 µÑÇ
ʹѺʹع¡ÒÃÊ觢éÍÁÙÅẺ Dual Channel RDRAM ãËéÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觢éÍÁÙÅÊÙ§ÊØ´ 3.2 GB/s
ʹѺʹع64 bits PCI(»¡µÔá¤è 32 bits)
àÁÁâÁÃÕÊÙ§ÊØ´ 8 GB
ÁÕ¨Ó˹èÒ·Ñé§áºº Slot 1áÅÐ Slot 2
à»ç¹ªÔ¾à«çµÊÓËÃѺ Pentium 4 ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁᵡµèÒ§¨Ò¡ªÔ¾à«çµ i840 äÁèÁÒ¡¹Ñ¡ â´Â
ʹѺʹع AGP 4X áÅÐÁÕÊÅç͵àÊÕº RDRAM 4 ªèͧ
ÍÔ¹àµÍÃìà¿Ê´éǪԾ ICH2 «Õ觨ÐãËé¡ÒÃÃͧÃѺ Ultra ATA/100
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Triton ¤×Í ªØ´ªÔ»ÊÓàÃç¨ÃÙ»¨Ò¡ÍÔ¹à·Å ·ÕèÍ͡Ẻà¾×èÍÃͧÃѺ¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ Pentium â´Â੾ÒÐÁÕËÅÒÂÃØè¹ àªè¹ FX, HX, VX, TX, BX, EX,ZX
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Concurrent PCI ¤×Í â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§·Ò§Ê¶Ò»ÑµÂì¢Í§Ãкº PCI ¾Ñ²¹Ò¨Ò¡ INTEL ·ÓãËéÊÁÃö¹Ð¡Ò÷ӧҹáÅСÒÃÊ觼èÒ¹ÊÑÒ³ã¹Ãкº PCI ËÃ×Í ISA ·Ó§Ò¹ä´éàµçÁ·Õè
ESCD ¤×;×é¹·Õè˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó·Õ褧µÑÇÊÙ§(Nonvolatile memory) «Öè§ Ãкº Plug and Paly â´Â BIOS áÅÐ ICU(Intel Configuration Utility) ãªéºÑ¹·Ö¡¢éÍÁÙÅÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´à¡ÕèÂǡѺÊÀҾͧ¤ì»ÃСͺ¢Í§Ãкº¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìã¹¢³Ð¹Ñé¹ â´Â੾ÒТéÍÁÙÅà¡ÕèÂǡѺÍØ»¡Ã³ì·ÕèäÁèãªè Plug 'n Play
RAS(Row Assign Signal) line ¤×Í ªèͧ·Ò§·Ò§¡ÒÂÀÒ¾·Õè ἧǧ¨ÃËÅÑ¡ ãªéàÅ×Í¡ÇèÒ ¡ÒÃÊ觼èÒ¹¢éÍÁÙŨҡ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓËÅÑ¡ SIMMS ¨Ðãªé 2 ´éÒ¹ ËÃ×Í´éÒ¹à´ÕÂÇ à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ chipsets ÁÑ¡¨Ð¨Ó¡Ñ´¨Ó¹Ç¹ RAS line äÇéµÒµÑÇ ·ÓãËéà»ç¹à§×è͹ä¢ÇèÒ¨ÐàÊÕº˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó SIMMS ä´é¡ÕèµÑÇ
COAST (Cache On A Stick) ¤×Í ªØ´âÁ´ÙÅÊÓàÃç¨ÃÙ»·Õèãªéà¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ˹èǤÇÒÁ¨Óᤪ¾ÔàÈÉãËé¡Ñº¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì ËÃ×ÍàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ L2 Cache
DPMA (Dynamic Power Management Architecture) ¤×ÍÃкº¡ÒúÃÔËÒáÒÃãªé¾Åѧ§Ò¹¢Í§¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìä´éÍÂèÒ§ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾ â´ÂÁÕ¡Òþѡ§Ò¹(standby) ºÒ§ÍÂèÒ§äÇéÃÐËÇèÒ§·Õè¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìäÁèä´éÃѺ¤ÓÊÑ觨ҡ¼Ùéãªé «Ö觨ж١â»Ãá¡ÃÁäÇéã¹ÃдѺÎÒÃì´áÇÃì
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UART ( Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter ) à»ç¹ Chip ·ÕèãªéÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒõԴµèÍÊ×èÍÊÒ÷ҧ Serial Port â´Â¢éÍÁÙÅáµèÅÐ byte ¨Ð¶Ù¡Êè§ä»µÒÁªèͧ·Ò§à´Ô¹¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèᡡѹáµèÅÐ bit áÅéÇ UART Chip ¨Ðá»Å§¢éÍÁÙÅàËÅèÒ¹Õé à»ç¹áç´Ñ¹ä¿¿éÒ·ÕèÍÂÙèã¹ÃÙ» 0 áÅÐ 1 áÅéÇÊè§ÍÍ¡ä»Âѧ Modem ·ÕèµèÍÍÂÙè Modem ¨Ð·Ó¡ÒÃá»Å§áç´Ñ¹ä¿¿éÒà»ç¹ÊÑÒ³àÊÕ§ áÅéÇÊè§ÍÍ¡ä»ÀÒ¹͡ 㹷ӹͧ¡ÅѺ¡Ñ¹ ËÅѧ¨Ò¡·Õè Modem ÃѺÊÑÒ³àÊÕ§à¢éÒÁÒáÅéÇ Modem ¨Ð·Ó¡ÒÃá»Å§à»ç¹áç´Ñ¹ä¿¿éÒ áÅéÇ ¨Ðá»Å§áç´Ñ¹ä¿¿éÒ¡ÅѺà»ç¹ bit ¢éÍÁÙÅ·Õè»ÃСͺ¢Öé¹à»ç¹ byte ¹Óä»ãªéã¹ Computer
Socket 7(ZIF-Zero Insertion Force) à»ç¹ Socket ÊÓËÃѺ CPU Pentium ¢Í§ Intel áÅÐ ¢Í§ÂÕèËéÍÍ×è¹àªè¹ Pentium 166 - 233 MHz, MMX, AMD K5, K6, IDT C6, Cyrix 6x86 ãªéÊÓËÃѺ CPU Ẻ PGA 321 ¢Ò
Socket 8 à»ç¹ Socket ÊÓËÃѺ Pentium Pro ãªéÊÓËÃѺ CPU Ẻ PGA 387 ¢Ò
Slot 1(SECC-Single Edge Cartridge Connect) ÁÕ 242 Contact à»ç¹à·¤â¹âÅÂÕÍÂèÒ§µèÍà¹×èͧ¢Í§ Intel â´Âä´éà»ÅÕè¹ä»ãªé¡ÒÃÍÔ¹àµÍÃìà¿« Pentium II á·¹¡ÒÃãªé
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Slot 2 à»ç¹ Slot ÊÓËÃѺ Pentium XEON
Slot A à»ç¹ Slot ÊÓËÃѺ AMD-K7 Athlon ÁÕÅѡɳеèÒ§æàËÁ×͹ Slot 1 áµèãªé¤ÇÒÁ¶ÕèºÑÊ 200 MHz áÅоѲ¹Ò¨Ò¡ Alpha EV6 bus protocol
Socket 370 pin(FC-PGA=Flip Chip-Pin Grid Array ËÃ×Í PPGA=PlasticPGA) à»ç¹¡ÒÃËÇÅ¡ÅѺÁÒãªéà·¤â¹âÅÂÕà´ÔÁ¢Í§ Intel ᵡµèÒ§¨Ò¡ Socket 7 ·ÕèÁÕÃÙÊÓËÃѺ Pin ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ áÅСÒõѴÁØÁ·ÕèᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹ â´ÂÁդسÊÁºÑµÔ·ÓãËéà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁÃé͹¹éÍ áÅлÃÐËÂÑ´à¹×éÍ·ÕèÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ Slot 1 áÅÐ CPU ·Õèãªé socket ¨ÐÁÕ latency (àÇÅÒ·Õè cpu µéͧÃÍ¡è͹·Õè¨ÐÊÒÁÒöÊè§ÊÑÒ³ÍÍ¡ä»ä´é) ¹éÍ¡ÇèÒẺ·Õèãªé slot
ª¹Ô´¢Í§ Socket | CPU ËÅÑ¡ | CPU ·Õèupgradeä´é | ¨Ó¹Ç¹ÃÙàÊÕº¢Ò | ãªé¡Ñºä¿¿éÒ | ÃÙ» |
Old 486 | 486DX | DX2, DX4 75, DX4 100 | 168 | 5v | |
Socket 1 | 486SX, 486DX | DX2, DX4 75, DX4 100 | 169 | 5v | |
Socket 2 | DX2, 486SX, 486DX | DX2, DX4 75, DX4 100, Pentium Overdrive 63, Pentium Overdrive 83 | 238 | 5v | |
Socket 3 | DX2, 486SX, 486DX, 486DX4 | DX2, DX4 75, DX4 100, Pentium Overdrive 63, Pentium Overdrive 83 | 237 | 3v/5v | |
Socket 4 | Pentium 60, Pentium 66 | Pentium Overdrive 120, Pentium Overdrive 133 | 273 | 5v | |
Socket 296 Pin | Pentium 75, Pentium 90 | Pentium 100 *Rattler systems require MLB P/N 202654-133 to accept Overdrive | 296 | 3v | |
Socket 5 | Pentium 75-120 | Pentium Overdrive 125, 150, 166 | 320 | 3v | |
Socket 6 | DX4 | Pentium Overdrive | 235 | 3v | |
Socket 7 | Pentium 75-133, MMX | Pentium Overdrive 125, 150, 180, 166, 200, AMD K5,K6, Cyrix, IDT | 321 | 3v | |
Socket 8 | Pentium Pro 150-200 | Pentium Pro Overdrive | 387 | 3.1v/3.3v | |
Socket 370 pin | Celeron 400, 433, 466, 500 | Pentium!!! 500, 550 | 370 | 1.6/2 v | |
Socket 423 pin | Pentium 4 1.4,1.5 GHz | 423 | 1.6v | ||
Socket A | Athlon,Duron Athlon 700-1.3 GHz | Duron 700-900MHz | 462 | 1.6v | |
Slot 1 | Celeron 300-433 PentiumII 333-450 | Pentium!!! 450-733 | 242 | 2v | |
Slot 2 | Xeon 400, 450 | Pentium!!! Xeon 500, 550 | 330 | 2v | |
Slot A | AMD K7(Athlon) 500-700 | 242 | 1.6v |
PS/2 Port( Personal System 2 Port) à»ç¹¾ÍÃìµÊÓËÃѺãªéÊ×èÍÊÒáѺ Mouse
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·ÓãËéÁÕ¡ÒþѲ¹Ò USB 2.0 ã¹»Õ 1999 ãËéÊÒÁÒö¶èÒÂâ͹¢éÍÁÙÅä´éÊÙ§¶Ö§ 360 - 480 Mbps áÅÐʹѺʹع¡Ò÷ӧҹẺ dual-speed ¤×ÍÍØ»¡Ã³ì¤ÇÒÁàÃçǵèÓ·Ó§Ò¹ÃèÇÁ¡ÑºÍØ»¡Ã³ì¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇÊÙ§ä´é áÅÐÂѧÁÕ¤ÇÒÁà¢éҡѹä´é¡Ñº USB 1.1 ´éÇÂ
FireWire( IEEE 1394 ) à»ç¹ÃٻẺ¡ÒõèÍàª×èÍÁẺ͹ءÃÁẺãËÁè «Öè§ä´éÃѺ¡ÒäԴ¤é¹â´ÂºÃÔÉÑ· Apple ¡ÒõèÍÍØ»¡Ã³ìµèÒ§æäÁèÇèÒ¨Ðà»ç¹ Scanner , Harddisk , ¡Åéͧ VDO ¡çÊÒÁÒöãªé Firewire à¾Õ§ Port à´ÕÂÇ㹡ÒõèÍâ´ÂÍÒÈÑ¡ÒõèÍẺ Daisy-Chain ¤×͵èÍÍØ»¡Ã³ì µèÒ§æ ¾èǧµÔ´¡Ñ¹ä»àÃ×èÍÂæ «Öè§ ÊÒÁÒöµèÍÍØ»¡Ã³ì·ÕèÍ͡ẺÊÓËÃѺãªé¡Ñº Port ª¹Ô´¹Õé ä´é¶Ö§ 63 ÍØ»¡Ã³ì â´ÂÃÒ¤Ò¨ÐÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ USB ÁդسÊÁºÑµÔ¢Í§ Plug and Play(àÊÕºáÅéÇãªé§Ò¹ä´éàÅ äÁèµéͧµÑ駤èÒ) áÅÐ Hot Plugging (àÊÕºËÃ×Í´Ö§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÍÍ¡ â´ÂäÁèµéͧ»Ô´à¤Ã×èͧ) áÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒö㹡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹ÂéÒ¢éÍÁÙÅẺ isochronous(¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèµéͧÁÕ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹ÂéÒÂã¹ÍѵÃÒ·Õ褧·Õè àªè¹ ÇÕ´ÕâÍ) ´éÇ¡ÒÃÁÕẹ´ìÇÔ´¸ìÃͧÃѺµÅÍ´àÇÅÒ áÅÐà¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ ÍѵÃÒ¡ÒöèÒÂâ͹¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèÊÙ§¶Ö§ 100-400 Mbps ·ÓãËé¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ÍØ»¡Ã³ì´Ñ§¡ÅèÒÇà»ç¹ä»´éǤÇÒÁÃÇ´àÃçÇ
¾ÍÃìµ | bandwidth | ÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙÅ | àª×èÍÁµè͡ѺÍØ»¡Ã³ì |
Serial | 1 bit | 115 Kbps | 1 楀 |
Parallel | 4 bit | 80-150 Kbps | 1 楀 |
Bidirectional | 8 bit | 500 Kbps | 1 楀 |
EPP | 8 bit | 1.7-1.9 Mbps | 2 楀 |
ECP | 8 bit | 1-2.4 Mbps | 2 楀 |
SCSI | 8 bit | 40 Mbps | 7-15 楀 |
SCSI 2.0(Fast-wide SCSI) | 16 bit | 80,160 Mbps | 7-15 楀 |
Ultra-3 SCSI | 16 bit | 160,320 Mbps | 7-15 楀 |
USB 1.1 | 12-64 Mbps | 127 楀 | |
USB 2.0 | 360-480 Mbps | 127 楀 | |
FireWire(IEEE1394) | 100,400,800 Mbps | 63 楀 |
ISA Bus( Industry Standard Architecture ) ËÃ×Í AT Bus
¤ÇÒÁàÃçǺÑÊ 8 MHz(14.318MHz) ÁÕ Data Bus 16 Bit áÅÐ Address Bus 24 Bit ÁÕ 2 ª¹Ô´¤×Í
1). Ẻ 8 bit ( ÊÕ´ÓÊÑ鹵͹à´ÕÂÇ ) ..ãªé¡Ñº card Ẻ ISA Ẻ 8 bit
ä´éà¾Õ§ÍÂèÒ§à´ÕÂÇà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ à·èÒ·ÕèàËç¹ÃÙéÊÖ¡¨Ðà»ç¹ internal modem Ẻ ISA 8 bit , áÅÐ antivirus
card ÃØè¹à¡èÒæºÒ§ÃØè¹·ÕèãªéÍÂÙè
2). Ẻ 16 bit ( ÊÕ´ÓÊͧµÍ¹ ) ..ãªé¡Ñº card Ẻ ISA ä´é·Ñé§áºº 16 bit áÅÐ 8 bit
..«Öè§ÍÒ¨à»ç¹ card VGA Ẻ ISA, I/O card Ẻ ISA, Sound, MPEG, Tuner, internal modem Ẻ ISA
áÅÐÍ×è¹æÍÕ¡ËÅÒÂÍÂèÒ§
MCA Bus( Micro Channel Architecture )
16Bit ( ÊÕ¹éÓµÒÅÊÑé¹ )¤ÇÒÁàÃçǺÑÊ 10 MHz ÁÕ Data Bus 16 Bit áÅÐ Address Bus 32 Bit ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèÊÙ§¶Ö§ 80 MB/s à¡Ô´¢Öé¹ã¹»Õ 1987 â´Â IBM ..ãªé¡Ñºà¤Ã×èͧ IBM PS/2 ÃØè¹ 50, 60, 80 µéͧãªé¡Ñº card Ẻ Micro Channel à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ Ê¹ÑºÊ¹Ø¹ DMA, Bus Master, ¡ÒõÑ駤èÒ Card â´ÂÍѵâ¹ÁѵÔ
áÅÐ ÃͧÃѺ¢éÍÁÙÅẺµèÍà¹×èͧ(Data Streaming)
Nu Bus 32Bit ¤ÇÒÁàÃçǺÑÊ 10 MHz ¤×Í ºÑÊÃØè¹·Õè 2 ¢Í§à¤Ã×èͧáÁ¤ÍÔ¹·Íª(»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ãªé Macãªé PCI Bus) ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ 40 MB/s ÊÒÁÒöÃѺÊ觢éÍÁÙÅä´é´Õ¡ÇèÒºÑʵÑÇà¡èÒ ¤×Í S-bus áÅÐÊÒÁÒöãªé˹èÇ»ÃÐÁÇżšÅÒ§ä´éËÅÒµÑÇ
EISA Bus( Enhanced ISA )
32Bit ( ÊÕà·ÒËÃ×ÍÊÕ¹éÓµÒÅËÃ×ÍÊÕ´ÓÊÕèµÍ¹) ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅà·èҡѺ 33 MB/s ..ãªé¡Ñº card ä´é·Ñé§áºº EISA bus 32 bit ( ÊÕ´Ó 4 µÍ¹ ) , ISA bus 16 bit ( ÊÕ´Ó 2 µÍ¹ ),áÅÐ ISA bus 8 bit ( ÊÕ´ÓÊÑ鹵͹à´ÕÂÇ ) ʹѺʹع DMA, Bus Master, ¡ÒõÑ駤èÒ Card â´ÂÍѵâ¹ÁÑµÔ áÅÐÃͧÃѺ¢éÍÁÙÅẺµèÍà¹×èͧ(Data Streaming)
VL Bus( VESA Local Bus)
32Bit 33,50 MHz ( àËÁ×͹ ISA áµèÁÕ Slot ÊÕ¹éÓµÒÅÊÑé¹ µèÍ·éÒ ) ãªé¡Ñº card ä´é·Ñé§áºº VL bus, ISA bus 16 bit ( ÊÕ´Ó 2 µÍ¹ ),
áÅÐ ISA bus 8 bit ( ÊÕ´ÓÊÑ鹵͹à´ÕÂÇ ) ¶Ù¡ÊÃéÒ§º¹Ê¶Ò»ÑµÂ¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§ªÔ» 486 µéͧµÔ´µè͡Ѻ CPU â´ÂµÅÍ´ ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèÊÙ§¶Ö§ 107 MB/s card ·ÕèãªéÁÑ¡¨Ðà»ç¹ VGA Ẻ VL bus, I/O card Ẻ
VL bus, Video ËÃ×Í Tuner card Ẻ VL bus..
PCI Bus
32Bit 33,66MHz ( ÊÕ¢ÒÇÊÑé¹ ) ..µéͧãªé¡Ñº card Ẻ PCI à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ ¶Ù¡ÊÃéÒ§º¹Ê¶Ò»ÑµÂ¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§ªÔ» Pentium ·Ó§Ò¹á¡ÍÔÊÃСѺ CPU ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèÊÙ§¶Ö§ 76 -133 MB/s à¡Ô´¢Öé¹ã¹»Õ 1992 µÍ¹¹Õéà·èÒ·ÕèàËç¹ÁÕ ¡ç¤×Í VGA Ẻ PCI,
sound card Ẻ PCI, SCSI card Ẻ PCI, internal modem Ẻ PCI
AGP ( Accelerated Graphics Port )
( ÊÕ¹éÓµÒÅÊÑé¹ ) à»ç¹Ãкº¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅẺãËÁè ·Õèãªé¡Ñº¡ÒÃáÊ´§¼ÅẺ Graphics â´Â੾ÒÐ «Öè§ AGP ¶Ù¡¤Ô´¤é¹â´Â Intel
áÅÐ ·Ó§Ò¹·Õè¤ÇÒÁ¶Õè 66 MHz ÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèÊÙ§¶Ö§ 528 MB/s ã¹¢³Ð·Õè PCI ·Ó§Ò¹·Õè 33 MHz áÅÐÁÕÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊ觶èÒ¢éÍÁÙÅà¾Õ§ 132 MB/s «Öè§ÃкºáººAGP ¹Õé¨ÐªèÇÂãËé¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§ Games áÅÐ Applications 3D ÃÇ´àÃçÇÂÔ觢Öé¹ â´ÂÊÒÁÒöãªé˹èǤÇÒÁ¨ÓËÅÑ¡¢Í§Ãкº »ÃСͺ¡ÑºË¹èǤÇÒÁ¨Ó¢Í§ Card áÊ´§¼Å㹡Ò÷ӧҹä´é áµèÇèÒÃкº»¯ÔºÑµÔ¡ÒõéͧʹѺ ʹع AGP ´éÇ«Öè§ ä´éá¡è Windows95 Release 2 »ÅÒ Slot ·Ø¡áººÍÂÙèã¡Åé¢Íº ἧǧ¨ÃËÅÑ¡ ¡àÇé¹áºº AGP
BUS | bus frequency | bandwidth | data transfer rate | Data Bus | Address Bus |
ISA (XT bus) | 8 MHz | 4.77 MHz | 33 MB/s | 8 bit | 20 bit |
ISA (AT bus) | 8 MHz | 6-50 MHz | 33 MB/s | 16 bit | 24 bit |
MCA | 10 MHz | 33 MHz | 80 MB/s | 16 bit | 32 bit |
EISA | 33 MHz | 33 MHz | 33 MB/s | 32 bit | 32 bit |
VL | 16-66 MHz | 33 MHz | 107-152 MB/s | 32 bit | 32 bit |
PCI | 33 MHz | 33 MHz | 133-266 MB/s | 32 bit | 32 bit |
AGP 1X | 66 MHz | 66 MHz | 266 MB/s | ||
AGP 2X | 66 MHz | 133 MHz | 512 MB/s | ||
AGP 4X | 66 MHz | 266 MHz | 1024 MB/s |