Item |
1970 |
1980 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tin (Tonnes) Iron Ore (Tonnes) Gold (raw) *(Grammes) Bauxite (Tonnes) Ilmenite (Tonnes) Copper Concentrates (Tonnes) Coal (Tonnes) Kaolin (Tonnes) Limestone (Tonnes) Silica Sand (Tonnes) Silver (Grammes) |
73,795 4,420,083 161,023 1,121,318 219,095 1,202 n.a 3,274 n.a n.a n.a |
61,404 371,186 2,049,876 920,356 199,486 114,222 n.a 46,324 n.a 145,475 n.a |
32,034 99,773 2,859,549 355,174 520,147 101,471 118,196 108,347 9,500,000 508,618 12,686,306 |
28,468 293,206 2,594,526 398,180 530,237 101,931 94,229 152,972 11,042,649 641,474 12,555,654 |
20,710 354,869 2,762,600 376,418 308,061 98,313 54,861 186,699 3,407,102 574,917 13,439,533 |
14,339 314,819 3,540,053 330,593 56,453 111,593 74,483 244,573 3,684,446 536,426 15,325,265 |
10,384 222,848 4,462,686 68,824 57,501 104,802 263,604 249,852 2,362,622 335,459 14,007,591 |
6,458 202,602 4,086,067 161,919 811 106,468 173,740 252,628 2,748,271 230,756 13,061,416 |
As can be seen from the table, tin no longer plays an important role in Malaysia's local produce. In 1970, tin was ranked 4th in productions but in 1994, it fell to an annual production of only 6,458 tonnes behind 7 other produce. This significant drop meant that tin was no longer an important economy for Malaysia.
Year |
Production (Tonnes) |
Import (Tonnes) |
Export Tonnes) |
Average Price (RM/kg.) |
No.of Mines |
Employment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 1975 1980 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 |
73,795 64,364 61,404 32,034 28,468 20,710 14,339 10,384 6,458 |
13,726 18,476 8,422 23,857 21,732 30,536 33,264 27,277 35,574 |
92,631 77,940 69,498 49,480 52,703 42,425 45,149 35,545 35,327 |
10.99 15.94 35.72 23.09 16.45 15.05 15.25 13.09 14.14 |
1,083 910 852 255 141 92 63 43 39 |
49,453 39,736 39,009 12,695 8,508 6,594 4,672 2,296 2,006 |
This table shows the impact tin mining has on Malaysia's economy. In th 1970s, tin mining employed 49,453 people in total but in 1994, that amount dropped to a mere 2,006 employees. Also, Malaysia started importing more and more tin from other countries until finally in 1994, its import of tin exceeded its export of tin.
Year |
Dredge |
% |
Gravel Pump |
% |
Open Cast |
% |
Under- ground |
% |
Dulang Washing |
% |
Others |
% |
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1970 1975 1980 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 |
23,931 20,329 18,222 11,963 10,267 9,515 6,072 3,522 1,355 |
32.4 31.6 29.7 37.3 36.1 45.9 42.3 33.9 21.0 |
40,739 35,183 34,484 13,263 12,216 6,476 3,886 3,426 2,438 |
55.2 54.7 56.2 41.4 42.9 31.3 27.1 33.0 37.8 |
2,504 2,535 2,705 2,905 2,173 1,754 1,592 1,653 1,375 |
3.4 3.9 4.4 9.1 7.6 8.5 11.1 15.9 21.3 |
2,254 1,894 1,085 103 102 71 71 48 72 |
3.1 2.9 1.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.1 |
2,828 3,081 3,246 2,835 2,601 2,065 1,640 1,059 721 |
3.8 4.8 5.3 8.8 9.1 10.0 11.4 10.2 11.2 |
1,539 1,342 1,662 965 1,109 829 1,078 676 497 |
2.1 2.1 2.7 3.0 3.9 4.0 7.5 6.5 7.7 |
73,795 64,364 61,404 32,034 28,468 20,710 14,339 10,384 6,458 |
Mining methods in Malaysia hardly changed in terms of popularity. Gravel-pump mining still mines the majority of the tin produce while open-cast mining rose from 4rd in 1970 to 2nd in 1994.
Year |
Price |
% Change |
|---|---|---|
1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 |
10.99 15.94 35.72 32.34 30.17 30.19 29.16 29.67 15.50 16.84 18.46 23.09 16.45 15.05 15.25 13.09 14.14 |
0.0 45.0 124.1 -9.5 -6.7 0.1 -3.4 1.7 -47.8 8.6 9.6 25.1 -28.8 -8.5 1.3 -14.2 8.0 |
In conclusion, tin mining has declined in Malaysia and is no longer an import source of revenue for Malaysia.
adapted from Department of Statistics, Malaysia