PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF TURKMENISTAN
By Dr. James Clarke

TABLE OF CONENTS

Introduction p. 1

Stratigraphy p. 5
... Upper Proterozoic p. 5
... Paleozoic p. 5
... Middle Paleozoic p. 5
...... Tuarkyr p. 5
...... Lower Amu-Dar'ya p. 6
...... Kugitang p. 6
... Permian p. 6
...... Tuarkyr p. 6
... Triassic System p. 7
...... Tuarkyr p. 7
...... East and Southeast Turkmenistan p. 10
...... Kugitang p. 12
...Jurassic System p. 13
...... Tuarkyr and Kara Bogaz p. 13
......... Lower Jurassic p. 13
......... Middle Jurassic p. 13
......... Upper Jurassic p. 16
......Bol'shoy Balkhan and Kubidag p. 17
.........Middle Jurassic p. 17
.........Upper Jurassic p. 18
......Kopet Dag p. 21
......East and Southeast Turkmenistan p. 22
.........Lower Jurassic p. 22
.........Middle Jurassic p. 22
.........Upper Jurassic p. 24
Environment of deposition of salt p. 39
Summary of Jurassic stratigraphy p. 42
...Cretaceous System - Lower Division p. 44
......Tuarkyr and Kara Bogaz p. 44
......Bol'shoy Balkhan and Kubadag p. 46
......Kopet Dag and Malyy Balkhan p. 48
......Central and Northern Karakum p. 50
......Mary and Bayram-Ali p. 51
......Amu-Dar'ya p. 53
......Badkhyz-Karabil p. 55
......Summary of Lower Cretaceous stratigraphy p. 57
...Cretaceous System - Upper Division p. 58
......Northwest Turkmenistan p. 58
......Western Kopet Dag p. 60
......Central Kopet Dag p. 61
......East Kopet Dag and Badkhyz p. 62
......Karakum p. 63
......Mary - Bayram-Ali p. 64
......Amu-Dar'ya p. 66
......Gaurdak-Kugitang p. 67
......Summary of Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy p. 68
...Paleogene System p. 71
......Krasnovodsk Penonsula, Bol'shoy Balkhan, ......Tuarkyr, and Northern Kara Bogaz p. 71
......Central and North Kara Kum p. 72
......Western Kopet Dag, Malyy Balkhan, and ......Western Turkmenistan p. 73
......Central Kopet Dag p. 74
......Eastern Kopet Dag p. 75
......Mary - Bayram-Ali p. 76
......Amu-Dar'ya p. 78
......Summary of Paleogene stratigraphy p. 78
...Neogene System p. 81
......West Turkmenistan Lowland p. 81
......Krasnovodsk Peninsula p. 86
......North Kara Bogaz, Ustyurt, and Tuarkyr p. 88
......Northeastern Turkmenistan p. 90
......Karakum Plain p. 92
......Kopet Dag p. 93
......Badkhyz, Karabil, and Southeastern Karakum p. 96
......Geurdak-Kugitang p. 97
......Summary of Neogene stratigraphy p. 97
,,,Quaternary ......West Turkmenistan Lowland p. 103
......Northwest Turkmenistan p. 104
......Karakum Plains p. 105
......Kopet Dag p. 105
......Southeast Turkmenistan p. 105
Structural Features p. 106

...Introduction p. 106
...Amu-Dar'ya Region p. 106
......Bukhara structural step p. 107
......Chardzhou structural step p. 111
......Beshkent downwarp p. 111
......Central Karakum arch p. 111
......Beurdeshik step p. 112
......Khiva downwarp p. 112
......Vostochno-Unguz zone of highs p. 112
......Zaunguz downwarp p. 115
......Malay-Bagadzha saddle p. 115
......Karabekaul downwarp p. 115
......Repetek arch p. 118
......Mary-Serakh zone of highs, Uchadzhi arch, ............and Bayram-Ali arch p. 119
......Sandykachi zone of downwarps p. 124
......Severo-Karabil downwarp p. 124
......Badkhyz-Karabil zone of highs p. 124
......Kalaimor downwarp p. 125
......Bakhardok monocline p. 125
...South Caspian Region p. 128
......North structural step p. 131
.........Kel'kor downwarp p. 131
.........Balkhan-Livanov zone of highs p. 131
......East Caspian structural step p. 141
......Gograndag-Chikishlyar structural step p. 142
......Messerian structural step p. 145
......Faults p. 146

Petroleum Geology p. 148
...Amu-Dar'ya gas-oil province p. 148
......Plays p. 148
.........Lower-Middle Jurassic clastic play p. 148
.........Upper Jurassic carbonate play p. 150
.........Lower Cretaceous carbonate-clastic play p. 152
.........Upper Cretaceous carbonate-clastic play p. 152
.........Paleogene carbonate play p. 152
......Oil-gas regions and areas p. 154
.........Central Karakum gas region p. 154
.........Cis-Kopet Dag gas-oil region p. 154
............Bakhardok monocline p. 154
............Cis-Kopet Dag foredeep p. 159
.........Beurdeshik-Khiva gas region p. 160
.........Zaunguz gas region p. 160
.........Chardzhou gas-oil region p. 161
.........Murgab gas region p. 161
.........Badkhyz-Karabil gas region p. 162
......Genesis of the petroleum p. 164
......Reserves and undiscovered resources p. 166
......Exploration targets p. 167
...West Turkmenistan oil-gas region of South Caspian oil-gas province p. 169
......Introduction p. 169
......Clay diapirs, anticlines, and mud volcanoes p. 178
Plays p. 178
.........Redbed Unit p. 178
.........Mesozoic section p. 181
......Oil-gas areas p. 183
.........Balkhan oil-gas area p. 183
.........Gograndag-Okarem oil-gas area p. 184
.........Kizylkum downwarp p. 184
.........Offshore Turkmenistan p. 185

Selected References p. 189
Appendix p. 210
Paper on Dauletabad-Donmez gas field by James Clarke and Konstantin Kleshchev. Section on Turkmenistan from "Statistical Handbook, States of the Former Soviet Union": The World Bank.

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