The following essays follow the format and material as presented in

for the first few chapters (see references). This is a wonderful textbook, allowing for a broad scope of knowledge in this area. There are various exercises listed in this text which have been explored and worked out using various computer applications and a good old fashion pen and paper. Where applicable I have attempted to bring in material from other sources to enhance and enrich the essay's contents. Any material which is sited in paraphrase or adapted form is referred to with the book letter in parenthesis. For example: (D) refers to the Pocket Mathematical Dictionary . There is way too much material in this arena to cover this topic in depth so my goal for these essays is to try and touch on some core concepts to give a better understanding to this fascinating field of study. I myself have learned a great deal under going these pages and hope that they can offer somthing for everyone. Each essay is in a succession of knowledge, so by the third essay one should have a firm grasp of the terminology and at least a working know how.