Bibliography of Online Gender


Please could you notify the keeper of this bibliography, jpmarshall.geo@yahoo.com, if a link no longer works.

This list could not have been anywhere near as large without the help of Frank Schaap and Salwa Ghaly.

Adam, Alison
  • (2000) "Gender and computer ethics in the Internet age", The CPSR Newsletter Vol.18, No.1
  • http://www.cpsr.org/publications/newsletters/issues/2000/Winter2000/adam.html

    Allen, Brenda.
  • (1995) "Gender and computer-mediated communication", Sex Roles, Vol.32, pp.557-563

    Antunes, Sandy
  • (1995) "Leaping Into Cross-Gender Role-Play", Interactive Fantasy, Issue 3, pp. 62-67.
  • http://www.mud.co.uk/richard/ifan195.htm

    Arnold, Jill & Miller, Hugh
  • (1999) "Gender and web pages", Paper presented at the CAL99 Virtuality in Education conference, The Institute of Education, London.
  • http://www.ntu.ac.uk/soc/psych/miller/cal99.htm

  • (2001) "Academic masters, mistresses and apprentices: gender and power in the real world of the web", Mots Pluriels, No 19.
  • http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1901jahm.html

    Balcom, David K.
  • "Body Language: Text and Gender Online"
  • http://www.butterfly.net/db/bodies.html

    Balka, Ellen & Doucette, Laurel
  • "The Accessibility of Computers to Organizations Serving Women in the Province of Newfoundland: Preliminary Study Results", Arachnet Journal of Virtual Culture, Vol.2, No.3.
  • http://www.monash.edu.au/journals/ejvc/balka.v2n3

    Balka, Ellen & Smith, Richard (eds.)
  • (2000) Women, work and computerization: Charting a course to the future Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.

    Balsamo, Anne
  • (1997) Technologies of the Gendered Body. Reading Cyborg Women, Duke University press.

    Barak, A & Fisher W.A.
  • (1997) "Effects of Interactive Computer Erotica on Men's Attitudes and Behaviour Towards Women. An Experimental Study", Computers in Human Behaviour, Vol.13, No.3, pp. 353-369.

    Bennett, Caroline M
  • (1998) Men Online: Discussing Lived Experiences on the Internet
  • http://www.hotkey.net.au/%7Ecarolineb/

    Bennett, Lynne, & Palmer, John
  • (1997) "Experiencing Computer Mediated Communication on the Internet - does Gender Still Equal Difference?"
  • http://www.imago.com.au/WOV/papers/gender.htm

    Benston, Margaret Lowe
  • (1986) "Women's Voices/Men's Voices: Technology as Language" in Cheris Kramarae (Ed.) Technology and Women's Voices: Keeping in Touch, Routledge, New York.

    Blair, Kristine & Takayoshi, Pamela
  • (1999) Feminist Cyberspaces: Mapping Gendered Academic Spaces Stamford, Ablex.

    Bloyd, Tania Raine
  • (nd) "Gender on the Net" [?]
  • http://www.quotidian.com/tara/paper/index.html

    Borg, Anita
  • (1993) "Why Systers?" - from Computing Research News,
  • http://cec.wustl.edu/~cs142/articles/GENDER_ISSUES/why_systers--borg

  • (1999) "Models for Innovation Bring Women to the Table"
  • http://www.cra.org/CRN/html/9903/expanding/ab.2_2_t.shtml

    Braidotti, Rosi
  • (1996) "Cyberfeminism With a Difference"
  • http://www.let.ruu.nl/womens_studies/rosi/cyberfem.htm

    Brosnan, M & Lee, W
  • (1998) "A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Gender Differences in Computer Attitudes and Anxieties: The United Kingdom and Hong Kong", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.14, No.4, pp.559-577.

    Brown, Janelle
  • (2000) "What Happened to the Women's Web? They Promised a Revolution, but All We Got Was Horoscopes, Diet Tips and Parenting Advice", Salon.com, 25-8-2000.
  • http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/08/25/womens_web/

    Bruckman, Amy S.
  • (1993) "Gender Swapping on the Internet"
  • http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Topic/WomensStudies/Computing/Articles+ResearchPapers/gender-swapping

    Camp, Tracy
  • (1997a) "The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline", Communications of the ACM, Vol.40, No.10, pp.103-110
  • http://www.mines.edu/fs_home/tcamp/cacm/paper.html

  • (1997b) "Survey Says! Results on the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline" Communications of the ACM, Vol.40, No.10, pp.103-110.
  • http://www.mines.edu/fs_home/tcamp/results/paper.html

    Campbell, K.K.
  • (1994) "Attack Of The Cyber-Weenies", Wasatch Area Voices Express
  • http://kumo.swcp.com/synth/text/cyberweenies.html

    Cherny Lynn,
  • (1994) "Gender Differences in Text-Based Virtual Reality"
  • http://www.usyd.edu.au/su/social/papers/cherny2.html

    Cherny, Lynn & Weise, Elizabeth R. ed
  • (1996) Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace, Seal Press, Seattle.

    Chua, Keng
  • (1995) "Gender and the Web"
  • http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw95/sociology/chua/

    Collins-Jarvis, Lori.
  • (1997). "Discriminatory messages and gendered power relations in on-line discussion groups." Paper presented at the 1997 annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

    Colyer, Anita
  • (1997) "Gender Issues in Cyberspace", Chapter 7 of a Thesis
  • http://www.outreach.psu.edu/users/afc1/thesis/eth.contents.html

    Correll, S
  • (1995) "The ethnography of an electronic bar: The Lesbian Cafe." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, Vol.24 No.3, pp270-298.

    Cushing, Pamela J.
  • (1996) "Gendered Conversational Rituals on the Internet: an Effective Voice Is Based on More Than Simply What One Is Saying", Anthropologica Vol.38, No.1, pp.47-81.

    Danet, Brenda
  • (1998) "Text As Mask: Gender, Play and Performance on the Internet", in Jones 1998.

    Dibbel, Julian
  • "Samantha, among others", Mots Pluriels, No.19.
  • http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1901jd.html

    Dietrich, Dawn
  • (1997) "(Re)Fashioning the Techno-Erotic Woman: Gender and Textuality in the Cybercultural Matrix", in Jones 1997.

    Durndell, A. & Thomson, K.
  • (1997) "Gender and Computing. A Decade of Change?", Computers & Education, Vol.28, No.1, pp.1-9.

    Durndell, A. Cameron, C. Knox, A. Stocks, R. & Haag, Z.
  • (1997) "Gender and Computing: West and East Europe", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.13, No.2, pp.269-280.

    Ebben, Maureen M.
  • (1994). Women on the Net: An Exploratory Study of Gender Dynamics on the soc.women Computer Network, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.

    Edwards, Paul
  • (1990) "The Army and the Microworld: Computers and the Politics of Gender Identity", Signs, Vol.16, No.1, pp.102-27.

    Ess, Charles
  • (1996) "Beyond false dilemmas: Men and women on the net-A plea for democracy and understanding." Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine Vol.3, No.1.
  • http://www.december.com/cmc/mag/1996/jan/ess.html

    Eubanks, Virginia
  • (2000) "Paradigms and Perversions: A Women's Place in Cyberspace", CPSR Newsletter, Vol.18, No.1
  • http://www.cpsr.org/publications/newsletters/issues/2000/Winter2000/eubanks.html

  • (nd) "Like Fish to W.A.T.E.R.", Brillo, No.1
  • http://www.virago-net.com/No1/water.htm

    Eubanks, V. & Stone, S.
  • (nd) "The Return of the Psycho-cyber-geneto-repressed, conversations with Sandy Stone", Brillo, No.2.
  • http://www.virago-net.com/No2/sandy.htm

    Ferris, S.
  • "Women online: Cultural and relational aspects of women's communication in online discussion groups", Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century, Vol.4, pp.29-40.
  • http://www.helsinki.fi/science/optek/1996/n3/ferris.txt

    Fisher, Jeffrey
  • (1996) "Feminist Cybermaterialism: Gender and the Body in Cyberspace"
  • http://web.mit.edu/afs/athena.mit.edu/org/w/womens-studies/www/fisher.html

    Fletcher, Amy
  • (December 1997) "Women's Experiences on the Net
  • http://geocities.datacellar.net/Paris/Metro/1022/women2.htm

    Ford, N & Miller, D
  • (1996) "Gender Differences in Internet Perceptions and Use", Aslib Proceedings, Vol.48, No.7-8, pp. 183-192.

    Fredrick, Christine Ann Nguyen
  • (1999) "Feminist Rhetoric in Cyberspace. The Ethos of Feminist Usenet Newsgroups", The Information Society, Vol.15, pp.187-197.

    Frenkel, Karen A.
  • (1990) "Women and computing. (includes related article on a study of gender-related studies of computing)", Communications of the ACM, Vol.33, No.11 pp34-47.
  • http://cpsr.org/cpsr/gender/frenkel.cacm.womcomp

    Frissen, V.
  • (1992) "Trapped in Electronic Cages?: Gender and New Information Technologies in the Public and Private Domain: an Overview of Research", Media, Culture and Society Vol.14, pp.31-49.

    Gefen, David & Straub, D.W.
  • (1997) "Gender Differences in the Perception and Use of E-Mail. An Extension to the Technology Acceptance Model", MIS Quarterly, Vol. 21, nr. 4, pp. 389-400.

    Gilbert, Pamela
  • (1999) "On Space, Sex and Stalkers", Women and Performance, Issue 17.
  • http://www.echonyc.com/~women/Issue17/art-gilbert.html

    Green, E & Adam, A (eds)
  • (2001) Virtual Gender: Technology, Consumption and Identity Matters, Routledge, NY.

    Grey, C.
  • (1996) "Towards an overview of work on gender and language variation"
  • http://www.ehche.ac.uk/study/schsubj/human/english/overview.htm

    Gruber, Sybille
  • (1999) "Communication Gone Wired. Working Toward a "Practiced" Cyberfeminism", The Information Society, Vol.15, pp.199-208.

    Gurak, Laura J.
  • (1995) "On 'Bob', 'Thomas', and Other New Friends: Gender in Cyberspace".
  • http://www.ibiblio.org/cmc/mag/1995/feb/last.html

    Gurak, L & Bayer N.L.
  • "Making Gender Visible: Applying Feminist Critiques of Technology to Technical Communication", Technical Communication Quarterly Vol.3, No.3, pp.257-70.

    Hamilton, S.
  • (2000) "Virtual Gender or Virtually Gendered? Thinking About Cyberfeminism". Paper presented at the Femmes Br@nchées Soirée: Salon #32.
  • http://www.studioxx.org/xwords/virtual.html

    Harcourt, Wendy ed.
  • (1999) Women@internet, Zed Books, London.

    Harraway, Donna
  • (1991)"Cyborg Manifesto", in Simians, Cyborgs and Women, Routledge, NY.
  • http://www-leland.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/Haraway/CyborgManifesto.html

    Hatt, Daniel F
  • (1998) Male/Female Language Use in Computer Dyadic Interactions, Unpublished MA thesis, Lauretian University, Ontario.
  • http://www.fortunecity.com/boozers/princessdi/302/Lang.html

    Hawthorne, Susan & Klein, Renata ed.
  • (1999) Cyberfeminism: Connectivity, Critique + Creativity, Spinifex Press, Nth Melbourne.

    Hall, Kim
  • (1996) "Cyberfeminism", in Herring 1996.

    Henwood, F., Kennedy, H. & Miller, N. (eds)
  • (2001) Cyborg Lives? Women's Technobiographies, Raw Nerve Books, York.

    Herring, Susan
  • (1992) "Gender and participation in computer-mediated linguistic discourse" (Report No. FL 020 341). Washington DC: National Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics, (ERIC Document No. ED 345 552).

  • (1993) "Gender and Democracy in Computer Mediated Communication", EJC/REC Vol.3, No.2
  • http://dc.smu.edu/dc/classroom/Gender.txt

  • (1994a) "Gender Differences in Computer-Mediated Communication: Bringing Familiar Baggage to the New Frontier" Keynote talk at panel entitled "Making the Net*Work*: Is there a Z39.50 in gender communication?", American Library Association annual convention, Miami, June 27, 1994.
  • http://cpsr.org/cpsr/gender/herring.txt

  • (1994b). "Politeness in computer culture: Why women thank and men flame". In M. Bucholtz, A. Liang, L. Sutton, & C. Hines (Eds.), Cultural performances: Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Women and Language Conference, pp. 278-294, Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Women and Language Group, University of California.

  • ed. (1996) Computer Mediated Communication: Linguistic, Social and Cross-Cultural Perspectives, John Benjamins, Amsterdam.

  • (1996a) "Two Variants of an Electronic Message Schema", in Herring 1996.

  • (1996b) "Gender and Democracy in Computer Mediated Communication", in Kling 1996

  • (1996c) "Posting in a different voice: Gender and ethics in computer-mediated communication". In C. Ess (Ed.), Philosophical approaches to computer-mediated communication (pp. 115-145). Albany: SUNY Press.

  • (1999) "The Rhetorical Dynamics of Gender Harassment Online", The Information Society, Vol.15, pp.151-167.
  • http://www.slis.indiana.edu/TIS/articles/herring15(3).pdf

  • (2000)"Gender Differences in CMC: Findings and Implications", CPSR Newsletter, Vol.18, No.1
  • http://www.cpsr.org/publications/newsletters/issues/2000/Winter2000/herring.html

    Herring, S., Johnson, D., & DiBenedetto, T.
  • (1995) "This Discussion Has Gone Too Far!: Male Resistance to Female Participation on the Internet", in K. Hall & M. Bulcholtz Eds. Gender Articulated: Language and the Socially Constructed Self, Routledge, NY.

    Holman, Phyllis
  • "Cyberjanes and Cyberjitters: Myths and Realities of Gender on the Net", WAAL Spring Conference Talk April 12, 2000
  • http://www.library.wisc.edu/libraries/WomensStudies/Talks/waaltalk.htm

    Jaffe, J.Michael. Young-Eum Lee, Li-Ning Huang, & Hayg Oshagan
  • (nd) "Gender, Pseudonyms, and CMC: Masking Identities and Baring Souls",
  • http://research.haifa.ac.il/~jmjaffe/genderpseudocmc/

    Jansen, Susan
  • (1989) "Gender and the Information Society: A Socially Structured Silence", Journal of Communication, Vol.39, No.3, pp.196-215.

    Jenkins, Summer
  • (1998) Gender Differences in the Use of the Internet as a Means of Personal Communication, Unpublished MA dissertation, University of London.
  • http://www.agari.org/summer/

    Jones, Steven
  • (1997) Virtual Culture: Identity and Communication in Cybersociety, Sage, London.

  • (1998) Cybersociety 2.0: Revisiting Computer-Mediated Communication and Community, Sage, Thousand Oaks.

    Kaplan, Nancy & Farrell
  • "Weavers of Webs: a Portrait of Young Women on the Net", Arachnet Journal of Virtual Culture Vol.2, No.3.
  • http://www.monash.edu.au/journals/ejvc/kaplan.v2n3

    Karlsson, A.M.
  • (1998) "Selves, Frames and Functions of Two Swedish Teenagers' Personal Homepages". Paper presented at the 6th International Pragmatics Conference, Reims, July 19-24.
  • http://www.nordiska.su.se/personal/karlsson-a-m/ipra.htm

    Kendall, Lori
  • (1998a) "Meaning and Identity in 'cyberspace': The Performance of Gender, Class and Race Online", Symbolic Interaction, Vol.21, No.2, pp.129-53.

  • (1998b) "'Are You Male or Female?' Gender Performances on Muds", in O'Brien, J & Howard, JA (eds.) Everyday Inequalities, Critical Inquiries, Blackwell, Oxford.

    Kenway, J. & Langmead, D.
  • (2000) "Cyberfeminism and Citizenship? Challenging the Political Imaginary". Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Annual Conference, New Orleans, and forthcoming in M. Arnot & J. Dillabough (eds) Challenging Democracy: Feminist Perspectives on the Education of Citizens, Routledge, London.

    Kibby, Marj
  • (1997) "'BABES ON THE WEB': Sex, Identity and the Home Page", Media International Australia, No.84, May, pp.39-45.
  • http://www.newcastle.edu.au/department/so/babes.htm

  • (2001) "Women and sex entertainment on the Internet: discourses of gender and power", Mots Pluriels, No.19
  • http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1901mk.html

    Kibby, M. & Costello, B.
  • (1999) "Displaying the Phallus: Masculinity and the Performance of Sexuality on the Internet", Men and Masculinities, Vol.1, No.4, pp352-364.
  • http://www.newcastle.edu.au/department/so/maledisp.htm

    Kiesler, S., Sproull, L., & Eccles, J.
  • (1985). "Pool halls, chips, and war games: Women in the culture of computing", Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol.9, pp451-462.

    King, Lisa J.
    (2000) "Gender Issues in Online Communities", CPSR Newsletter, Vol.18, No.1
  • http://www.cpsr.org/publications/newsletters/issues/2000/Winter2000/king.html

    Kling, Rob ed.
  • (1996) Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, San Diego.

    Kolko, Beth
  • (1999) "Representing Bodies in Virtual Space: The Rhetoric of Avatar Design", The Information Society, Vol.15 (3), pp.177-186

    Kramarae, Cheris
  • (1998) "Feminist Fictions of Future Technology", in Jones 1998.

    Kramarae, C., & Taylor, H. J.
  • (1993) "Women and men on electronic networks: A conversation or a monologue". In H. J. Taylor, C. Kramarae, & M. Ebben (Eds.), Women, information technology, and scholarship, pp.52-61, Urbana. IL: Center for Advanced Study.

    Ladendorf, Martina (n.d.) "Cybergrrls".
  • http://www.jmk.su.se/digitalborderlands/inas/cybergrrlseng.htm

  • (2000) "Pin-Ups and Grrls. The Pictures of Grrlzines".
  • http://www.jmk.su.se/digitalborderlands/inas/pinups_grrls.htm

    LaPin, Gianna
  • (1999) "Shapeshifters: Why Women Must Adapt in the Computer World to Succeed".
  • http://www.fusion-studio.com/soc/shapeshifters.html

    LaPin, Gianna & Lakshmi Bharadwaj
  • (1998) "Pick a Gender and Get Back to Us. How Cyberspace Affects Who We Are".
  • http://www.fusion-studio.com/soc/pick_a_gender.html

    Laurel, Brenda
  • (2000) "Just one of the Girls", Signum, No.6
  • http://www.slm-net.com/signum/Issue6/marrow/girls.html

    Lawley, Elizabeth
  • (1993) "Computers and the Communication of Gender",
  • http://www.itcs.com/elawley/gender.html

    Mason, E. R.
  • (???)"Resisting Erase-ism on the 'Net", Brillo, No.3.
  • http://www.virago-net.com/No3/erasism.htm

  • (???b) "Machine Divas: The Women of Survival Research Labs", Brillo, No.3.
  • http://www.virago-net.com/No3/srl.htm

    Mazur, Tomasz
  • (n.d.) "Virtual Classroom and Virtual Identity: Sex and Gender in the Virtual Space".
  • http://www.well.com/user/tmazur/research/berkeley.html

  • (1994) "Working Out the Cyberbody: Sex and Gender Constructions in Text-Based Virtual Space".
  • http://www.well.com/user/tmazur/research/sexgen.html

    McLelland, Mark
  • "Local meanings in global space: a case study of women's 'Boy love' web sites in Japanese and English", Mots Pluriels No.19
  • http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1901mcl.html

    Miller, H. & Arnold, J.
  • (2000a) "Gender and Web Home Pages", Computers and Education, vol.34, pp335-339.

  • (2000b) "Same Old Gender Plot? Women Academics' Identities on the Web". Paper presented at the Cultural Diversities in/and Cyberspace Conference, University of Maryland.
  • http://ess.ntu.ac.uk/miller/cyberpsych/gendplot.htm

  • (2001a) "Breaking Away from Grounded Identity? Women Academics on the Web". Cyberpsychology and Behaviour, vol.4, no.1, pp95-108.

  • (2001b) "Self in Web Home Pages: Gender, Identity and Power in Cyberspace". In G. Riva & C. Galimberti (eds) Cyberpsychology: Mind, Cognition and Society in the Internet Age, IOS Press, Amseterdam.

    Miller, L. Plant, S. & Ullman, E.
  • (1997) "sexing the machine: three digital women debate gender, technology and the Net", Salon.com
  • http://www.salon.com/sept97/21st/tech970911.html

    Miller, Melanie S.
  • (2000) Cracking the Gender Code: Who Rules the Wired World?, Pluto Press Australia, Annandale.

    Mills, Albert
  • (1991) "Organization as Gendered Communication Act", Canadian Journal of Communication, Volume 16, Number 3/4. [Not about CMC, but of interest]
  • http://www.wlu.ca/~wwwpress/jrls/cjc/BackIssues/16.3/mills.html

    Morahan-Martin, Janet
  • (1998) "Women and Girls Last: Females and the Internet"
  • http://www.sosig.ac.uk/iriss/papers/paper55.htm

    Mowbray, Miranda
  • (2000) "Neither Male nor Female. Other-Gendered Chat in Little Italy", M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture, Vol. 3, nr. 4.
  • http://moby.curtin.edu.au/~ausstud/mc/0008/gendered.html

    Nelson, Lori J. & Cooper, J
  • (1997) "Gender Differences in Children's Reactions to Success and Failure with Computers", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.13, No.2, pp.247-267.

    O'Farrell, M. & Vallone, L. (eds)
  • (1999) Virtual Gender: Fantasies of Subjectivity and Embodiment, University of Michigan Press.

    Oughton, John
  • (1993) "Genderbending on the MUSH".
  • http://www.usyd.edu.au/su/social/papers/oughton.txt

    Pagnucci, Gian S, & Mauriello, Nicholas
  • (1999) "The masquerade: Gender, identity, and writing for the web." Computers and Composition Vol.16, No.1, pp141-152.

    Passig, D. & Levin, H
    (1999) "Gender Interest Differences with Multimedia Learning Interfaces", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.15, pp.173-183.

    Perry, Leslie Anne & Timothey T.
  • (1998) "Gender Differences in Internet Use: Do they Exist?"
  • http://www.eiu.edu/~mediasrv/iaectJournal/1998/04perry.htm

    Perry, Ruth & Greber, Lisa
  • (1990) "Women and Computers an Introduction", Signs, Vol.16, No.1, pp.74-101.

    Plant, Sadie
  • (1997) Zeros + Ones: Digital Women + the New Technoculture, Fourth Estate, London.

    Reiche, Claudia
  • (1999) "Split bodies and Fluid Gender: the cutting edge of information technology--(between scientific and artistic visions)"
  • http://www.obn.org/nCI/report1.htm

    Roberts, Lynne D. & Parks, Malcolm R.
  • (1999) "The Social Geography of Gender-switching in Virtual Environments on the Internet", Information, Communication and Society, Vol.2, No.4, pp.521-540.

    Rodino, Michelle
  • (1997) "Breaking out of Binaries: Reconceptualizing Gender and its Relationship to Language in Computer-Mediated Communication", Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, Vol.3, No.3, December 1997.
  • http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol3/issue3/rodino.html

    Romm, Celia T. & Nava Pliskin
  • (1997) "Battle of the Sexes on E-Mail -- Or Is It?", The Information Society, Vol. 13, pp. 207-225.

    Savicki, V., Kelley, M. & Lingenfelter, D.
  • (1996). "Gender and group composition in small task groups using computer-mediated communication", Computer in Human Behavior, Vol.12, pp209-224.

    Savicki, V. Kelley, M & Oesterreich,E.
  • (1999) "Judgments of Gender in Computer-Mediated Communication", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.15, pp.185-194.

    Savicki, V., Lingenfalter, D. & Kelley, M.
  • (1996) "Gender Language Style and Group Composition in Internet Discussion Groups", Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, Vol.2, No.3.
  • http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol2/issue3/savicki.html

    Schaap, Frank
  • (1999) " "Males say 'blue,' females say 'aqua,' 'sapphire,' and 'dark navy.'" The Importance of Gender in Computer-Mediated Communication"
  • http://www.fragment.nl/texts/males_say_blue.txt

    Scott, A. Semmens, L. & Willoughby, L.
  • (1999) "Women and the Internet. The Natural History of a Research Project", Information, Communication and Society, Vol.2, No.4, pp.541-565.

    Selfe, C. and Meyer, P.R.
  • (1991) "Testing claims for on-line conferences", Written Communication Vol.8, No.2, pp.162-192.

    Shade, Leslie
  • (1993) "Gender Issues in Computer Networking", Talk given at: Community Networking: the International Free-Net Conference, Carleton University, Ottawa, August 17-19
  • http://www.cpsr.org/cpsr/gender/leslie_regan_shade.txt

  • (1996) "The Digital Woman"
  • http://web.mit.edu/afs/athena.mit.edu/org/w/womens-studies/www/shade.html

  • (1998) "A Gendered Perspective on Access to the Information Infrastructure", The Information Society, Vol.14, No.1, pp.33-44.

    Shaw, David F.,
  • (1997) "Gay Men and Computer Communication: A Discourse of Sex and Identity in Cyberspace", In Jones 1997.

    Smith, Ben
  • (1998) "Gender bending and traditional gender in computer-mediated communication", In Suzanne Wertheim, Ashlee C. Bailey and Monica Corston-Oliver (eds.) Engendering Communication: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, pp.521-532. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Women and Language Group.

    Smith, Judy & Balka, Ellen
  • (1988) "Chatting on a feminist network", in C. Kramarae (ed.), Technology and Women's Voices, pp. 82-97. New York, Routledge and Kegan Paul.

    Sollfrank, Cornelia
  • (1999) "Women Hackers" discussion at next Cyberfeminist International, Rotterdam, March 8-13
  • http://www.obn.org/nCI/report2.htm

    Soukup, Charles
  • (1999) "The Gendered Interactional Patterns of Computer-Mediated Chatrooms: A Critical Ethnographic Study", The Information Society, Vol.15 (3), pp.169-176.

    Spender, Dale
  • (1995) Nattering on the Net: Women, Power and Cyberspace, Spinifex Press, Nth Melbourne.

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