PREGUNTA # 152                Tema: Normas            Clase No:   8 _

¨ Ventajas o desventajas de Privatizar los servicios de agua o dar concesiones a particulare ? _

RESPUESTA:

Para la situacion actual, en Mexico, posiblemente tenga mas ventajas que desventajas, si se hace de manera correcta.

ACLARACION:

c) WHY PRIVATIZATION WORKS The attractiveness of privatization lies in economic as well as non-economic benefits. Under privatization, the potential exists for the private sector to apply construction time and cost savings, efficient operations, and tax benefits to lower the costs of environmental ser-vices and share these savings with the public sector in the form of lower user fees. The potential savings on a project will vary according to site-specific circumstances. Even in cases where the savings are minimal, privatization may be appropriate due to limitations on local debt capacity, the need for more timely delivery of services, or other advantages perceived by local officials. The advantages are discussed further below. 1. Construction savings 2. Procurement and scheduling 3. Risk reduction 4. Operational savings 5. Tax benefits 6. Debt capacity benefits 7. Availability of financing d). DISADVANTAGES OF PRIVATIZATION The potential disadvantages resulting from privatization of water and wastewater facilities relate primarily to a loss of control by municipalities, potential negative aspects of a longterm contract, and uncertainties relating to legal and regulatory issues, each of which is discussed below. 1. Loss of local control 2. Negative aspects of a long-term contract ref: Capítulo 5 y pg. 76 a 82) de "Water and Wastewater finance and pricing", George A. Raftelis, Lewish publishers =======================---------------------------- RIESGOS o PRECAUCIONES para con los esquemas de privatización o concesión: Los esquemas de concesión tradicionales pueden estar sujetos a muchos de los MISMOS PROBLEMAS que infestan a los modelos de organismos y monopolios públicos a los cuales pretenden sustituir. Las concesiones no necesariamente eliminan las barreras políticas que afectaban a los organismos públicos; y si los contratos de concesión no se hacen teniendo en mente a los barrios pobres y mal atendidos o sin servicio, pueden incluso imponer nuevos criterios o restricciones que frustrarían los esfuerzos para servir mejor a tales zonas pobres. Ref: pg 29 (conclusiones) de "Designing pro-poor water and sewer concessions. Early lessons from Bolivia", Kristin Komives, The World Bank, 1999. ========================----------------------

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