Introduction to Biology

I.         Administrative Details

            A.        Class Roll

            B.        Rules and Procedures

            C.        Distribute Textbooks

            D.        Distribute Syllabus

            E.        Assign First Project

II.        Copyrights and APA Review

            A.        What is a Copyright

                        1.         Legal protection given to creators of intellectual material

                        2.         Effective when material is created

            B.        Rights of Holder

                        1.         Distribution of material

                        2.         Use of material

                        3.         Copying material

            C.        Fair Use

                        1.         Right to use material without permission of copyright holder

                        2.         May not have negative impact on market

                        3.         Must acknowledge copyrights

            D.        Fair Use Rights

                        1.         Archival copying

                        2.         Criticism or reviews

            E.        In educational environment

                        1.         Teaching

                        2.         Research papers

III.       Evaluation and Use of Web Resources

            A.        Assumptions

                        1.         The internet is the easiest way to get information

                        2.         The web page has its own content, not just links

                        3.         You know what you want to find

            B.        The Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

                        1.         Protocol

                        2.         Server

                        3.         Domain

                        4.         Directories

                        5.         File

            C.        Evaluation Criteria

                        1.         Coverage

                        2.         Accuracy

                        3.         Authority

                        4.         Objectivity

                        5.         Currency

                        6.         Ease of Use

IV.      Basic APA Format

            A.        Title Page

            B.        Abstract Page

            C.        Body of Paper

            D.        Reference Page

                        1.         Only lists references cited in text

V.        APA References

            A.        Basic Format

                        1.         Author

                        2.         Year of Copyright

                        3.         Title

                        4.         Source: this varies with type of source. See links on project page on website

                        5.         Periods used as separators

VI.      APA In-Text Citation

            A.        When you use facts, ideas, and information of others in a report you must give credit to those people (Glencoe Keyboarding, 2000, 258)

            B.        You use old paper of yours

VII.     APA in Text Reference

            A.        Basic format:

                        1.         (author last name, copyright year)

                        2.         (Smith, 2004)

            B.        Exact Quote:

                        1.         (author last name, copyright year, page nr.)

                        2.         (Jones, 2004, 5)

VIII.    Themes

            A.        Structure and Function

            B.        Stability and Homeostasis

            C.        Reproduction and Inheritance

            D.         Evolution

            E.        Interdependence of Organisms

            F.        Energy Relationships

IX.      Structure and Function

            A.        Morphology: structure and form

                        1.         Anatomy: internal structure

            B.        Physiology: function of organs

            C.        Differentiation

            D.        Function tied to structure

X.        Stabilty and Homeostatis

            A.        Narrow range of conditions

            B.        Organism acts to resist change

XI.      Reproduction and Inheritance

            A.        Organisms come from organisms

            B.        DNA and RNA

            C.        Genes

            D.        Asexual: no combination of genetic information

            E.        Sexual: combination of genetic information

                        1.         Sperm, egg, zygote

XII.     Evolution

            A.        Species change in response to environment

            B.        Natural selection

            C.        Adaptations: favorable traits

            D.        Phylogeny: evolutionary history

            E.        Ontogeny: development of organism

XIII.    Evolution

            A.        Homology

                        1.         Similar structures in different species

                        2.         Develop from same embryological structure

            B.        Analogy

                        1.         Similar structures in different species

                        2.         Develop because of similar environments

XIV.   Interdependence of Organisms

            A.        All organisms integrated into biosphere

            B.        Biosphere interacts with geosphere

            C.        Study interaction of organisms with environment

XV.     Energy Relationships

            A.        Autotroph

            B.        Heterotroph

            C.        Chemical processes store and use

XVI.   Scientific Method

            A.        Observation

            B.        Hypothesis

            C.        Experiment

            D.        Conclusions

                        1.         Law

                        2.         Theory

                        3.         Revise hypothesis

XVII.  Chemistry and SI Review

            A.        SI units used in biology

                        1.         Dimension

                        2.         Unit

                        3.         Symbol

            B.        Atoms and Ions

                        1.         Define

                                    a.         Atom

                                    b.         Ion

                                    c.         Isotope

                                    d.         Monomer

                                    e.         Polymer

                                    f.         Acid

                                    g.         Base

                        2.         Periodic Table

                        3.         Bonding

                                    a.         Ionic bond

                                    b.         Covalent bond

                                    c.         Hydrogen bond

                        4.         Reactions

                                    a.         Synthesis/Condensation

                                    b.         Decomposition/Hydrolysis

                                    c.         Redox

                                                (1)       electrons transfer between ions

                                                (2)       transfers energy