Cell Division Study Questions

1.         Define these terms

            a.         Chromosome

            b.         Histone

            c.         Gamete

            d.         Zygote

            e.         Gene

            f.         Autosome

            g.         Sex Chromosome

2.         Describe the basic structure of a chromosome.

3.         What is the purpose of the telomere?

4.         What is a nucleosome?

5.         What is the centromere?

6.         How does a chromatid differ from a chromosome?

7.         What are homologous chromosomes?

8.         What combines with DNA to make chromatin?

9.         Describe the differences between a chromosome and a DNA molecule.

10.       How many copies of each homologue is present in a haploid organism?

11.       How many copies of each homologue is present in a diploid organism?

12.       Are prokaryotes haploid or diploid?

13.       How is asexual reproduction related to mitosis?

14.       Describe the events of binary fusion.

15.       What triggers cell division?

16.       What is the cell cycle?

17.       What are the 5 parts of the cell cycle?

18.       Define cytokinesis and explain how it is different from mitosis.

19.       When does DNA replicate?

20.       What is the distinction between polar fibers and kinetochore fibers?

21.       What is the function of the spindle fibers?

22.       Define meiosis I and meiosis II.

23.       When is the diploid number reduced to the haploid number?

24.       What is the function of crossing over?

25.       How does genetic recombination help a species to survive?

26.       What is the purpose of mitosis?

27.       What type of organisms always have chromosomes in pairs?

28.       Explain why size acts as the trigger for cell division.

29.       Does the same cell go through the cell cycle more than once? Explain.

30.       Some cells remain in the G0 phase of interphase. Describe the character of these cells and give examples.

31.       What is the function of a cell plate?

32.       What does the term binary fission refer to?

33.       What does it mean to say something is a clone?

34.       Where do all cells come from?

35.       What is chromatin?

36.       Compare cytokinesis in plants and animals.

37.       What occurs in interphase G1?

38.       What occurs in Interphase S?

39.       What occurs in interphase G2?

40.       Describe the four phases of mitosis.

41.       Compare the anaphase in mitosis and meiosis.

42.       Describe the recombination by cross over process.

43.       What is the basic difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

44.       How does sexual reproduction increase survivability?

45.       What are two means of asexual reproduction?

46.       What are the primary differences between spematogenesis and oogenesis?

47.       Do asexual organisms have homologous chromosomes? Explain.

48.       What is the role of haploid cells in sexual reproduction?

49.       If mitosis occurred without cytokinesis, how many nuclei would the cell have?

50.       What is the difference in meaning between haploid and diploid?