Structure of the Atom
Study Questions
1. What were the 4 Greek elements?
2. What did the Greeks believe about combinations of elements that we still believe?
3. What law did Lavoisier discover?
4. What two ideas are found in any conservation law?
5. What was Proust’s contribution to chemistry?
6. How did Dalton use the Theory of the Atom to explain the work of Proust and Lavoisier?
7. Did Dalton believe it was possible to take atoms apart?
8. Who proved the Law of Multiple Proportions?
9. What did Avogadro prove?
10. Why is 6.022x1023 important?
11. Why did Thompson believe cathode rays were matter rather than energy?
12. Explain the significance of Milikan’s oil drop experiment?
13. The charge on a proton is 1.6x10-31C. What is the charge on the electron?
14. Goldstein discovered positive rays coming from the cathode ray tubes. What did Thompson show these positive rays were?
15. What was Thompson’s model of the atom?
16. How does the proton differ from the electron?
17. What was surprising about the results of the Gold Foil Experiment?
18. How did Rutherford change Thompson’s Model of the atom?
19. How did Thompson and Rutherford contribute to Cavendish’s discovery of the neutron?
20. Describe the use of the mass spectrometer to measure atomic mass?
21. What is atomic mass?
22. What is atomic number?
23. What determines the identity of an element?
24. What determines the stability of the nucleus of an element?
25. What determines the properties of an element?
26. What observations lead to the work of Bohr on the position of the electrons?
27. How did Bohr change Rutherford’s model of the atom?
28. Bohr’s model is a perfect description of the H atom. Why is it unable to describe He or larger atoms?
29. Describe the Uncertainty Principle.
30. What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle say about the particles in an atom?
31. What are the valence electrons of an atom?
32. Draw Lewis diagrams of H, He, Li, C. O, Si, S, Br and Ne.