Study Questions

Chemistry of Water

1.         What two things about water provide the basis for its unique properties?

2.         Describe the structure of the water molecule.

3.         Why does the hydrogen bond form?

4.         Which electrons attract the hydrogen atoms of the water molecule?

5.         Why does the hydrogen bond raise water’s boiling and melting points?

6.         Why do the water molecules form hexagons as they freeze?

7.         Explain the effect of hydrogen bonding on density?

8.         What is surface tension?

9.         Why does the hydrogen bond increase surface tension?

10.       Why does water move up a glass tube?

11.       What is the effect of the hydrogen bond on specific heat? Explain.

12.       How does water moderate temperature changes on Earth?

13.       What elements are involved in hydrogen bonds with hydrogen?

14.       Why does the hydrogen bond enhance solubility?

15.       Describe the dissolving process.

16.       What is a solution?

17.       Compare the dissolving process of ionic and covalent solutes.

18.       What is concentration?

19.       Why is molarity a more precise measure of concentration?

20.       What is the heat of solution?

21.       What type of reaction occurs with most solute?

22.       What are colligative properties?

23.       What is the property of matter that impacts on the colligative properties?

24.       Why do ionic solutes have a greater effect on colligative properties?

25.       What is the freezing point depression constant?

26.       What is the boiling point elevation constant?

27.       Why does the freezing point of water decrease when ethylene glycol is dissolved in it?

28.       Why does dissolving ethylene glycol in water raise the boiling point of water?

29.       Why does osmosis occur?

30.       When does osmosis stop?

31.       What is the difference between a hypotonic and a hypertonic solution?

32.       Why is the evaporation of water an effective cooling mechanism?