Last Updated: 13 Aug 1997

Win95 Tips&Tricks ..... Compiled by Suthai Tanvinich


FILE

File Name: A filename can contain up to 255 characters, including spaces. But, it cannot contain any of the following characters: \ / : * ? " < > |

To quickly get the properties of any file, double-click on it while holding the ALT key.

File Types:


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Pulling System Files From Cabinets

Q. Back in the good old days of Windows 3.1, there was an easy fix for those times when a corrupted Windows file kept the system from running right. All you had to do was grab your installation disks, look for the needed file (the last letter of each was replaced by an underline, signifying the file's internally compressed format), use the extract command and voilą! there was your file ready to copy into your Windows directory.

Windows 95 has changed all that by encasing its system files in .cab (cabinet) archive files. Unfortunately, some of my utilities have modified or replaced .dll files in ways that Windows 95 doesn't like. How do I find and extract a file (comdlg32.dll, for example) from these things called cabinets?

A. The extract tool in the c:\windows\ command directory knows how to retrieve files from cabinets. If you happen to know which cabinet a specific file is stored in, and where you want to copy that file to, you can do the whole operation with just one command: extract /y /l destination cabinet filename. Destination is where you want the file to end up, and cabinet is the .cab file that contains filename. The command to overwrite your installed version of comdlg32.dll (assuming that Windows is installed in the c:\windows directory and that your Windows 95 CD-ROM is in drive d:) is: extract /y /l c:\windows\ system d:\win95\ win95_10.cab comdlg32.dll.

Of course, unless you're on the Windows 95 development team, you have no idea which .cab file comdlg32.dll is stored in. Use the command extract /d cabinet filename to check each cabinet for a particular file, or extract cabinet for a complete listing of the .cab file's contents. If that seems too labor-intensive, there's a tiny Explorer add-on called CabView that lets you browse .cab files as if they were folders and copy or drag files.

CabView is one of ten quick-and-dirty Windows 95 add-ons known collectively as Power Toys. Though they were written by Microsoft engineers, they're not officially supported, and some are buggy, so use them with caution. (CabView seems rock-solid, however.) You can download specific utilities or the whole set from Microsoft's Power Toys World Wide Web page at http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/powertoy.htm.
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Under Windows 95, DLLs are searched for in the following order:

  1. The directory from which the application loaded.
  2. The current directory.
  3. The Windows system directory.
  4. The Windows directory..
  5. The directories that are listed in the PATH environment variable.

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Sysbckup (DLL files):

Under Win95 dir'y: All the original dll files are backed up here, if install'n of some apps mess up or replaced your dll files with older versions, can just copy all files from here to your System dir'y.
DON'T DELETE THIS FOLDER!!
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Help files:

are kept in following folders: Windows, Windows\Command, Windows\Help, Windows\system. All have extension .hlp
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Tmp Files:

Not wise to delete the *.tmp files in Win95\Temp folder while Win is running. Best to restart in MS-Dos mode and type:

del c:\win95\temp\*.tmp

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Winsock.dll:

When Win95 loads its (Internet) Explorer and/or Fax server, it silently disables any existing WINSOCK.DLL files, and replaces it with its own. If you reinstall your own again then Trumpet should work fine.
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Xcopy32: Improved version of xcopy - can copy long file names.
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Quick View:
Can view documents created with popular Windows-based programs w/o starting the progs- just click on the doc. in My Computer or Explorer, the File menu/Quick View. Or R/click then select Quikview.
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Saving files

Right-Clicking in Save File dialog boxes:
Try it! If you are saving a file, and right-click in the dialog box, you can change your view, arrange the icons, or create new folders prior to saving the file. This is great if you suddenly decide while saving that you want to save the file in a folder that doesn't currently exist.
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Rename File or Folder or Icon: "H/light it then press F2 or File menu/Rename. Or click the name twice slowly. Edit the name then . To do group rename, have to use File Manager or Dos REN command."
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*** Perhaps You detected "SETUP" blowing up the root of your boot hard-drive. Most of this files are no longer necessary. As we know only Autoexec.bat, Config.sys, Io.sys, Msdos.sys and System.1st are needed.
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*** Check your startup files: Some existing entries in your Autoexec.bat and Config.sys may be superfluous, Especially when having setup WIN95 over the old system. Following commands now are executed by Io.sys by default:

himem.sys ifshelp.sys setver.exe dos=high,umb files=60 buffers=30 fcbs=4 lastdrive=z stacks=9,256 shell=command.com /p This settings will be overwritten by the entries of the startup files.
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*** You want to know which .dll an .exe file is using?:
In explorer: right-click on it and choose QuickView. The Import Table will show you the list of dll's being called by the .exe.
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File Associations

To edit file associations, choose View|Options in Explorer and click the file types tab. This method gives you the most customization control. If you double click on an unregistered file type the Open With dialog will appear. Checking "Always use this program to open this type of file" will automatically register the file type. If you want to change the file's registration, you can hold down Shift while right clicking the file, which adds an Open With option to the context menu so you can change the registration without hassle.

Associate File: My Computer (or Explorer)-View-Options-File types. To change the assoc'n for any type, highlight the file type then click Edit. In Action box, click Open, then Edit, then specify what program to use to open this file type.

To use a difft prog (instead of the default association) to open a doc't: In the shortcut properties, add name of the prog. before the name of the file in the target field. eg. C:\Win95\Notepad.exe C:\Data\Tse\Memo.txt.
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Attributes (ATTRIB):
To change Attributes of a GROUP of files: Use Dos ATTRIB command or the old File manager. Explorer can only do one file at a time: R/click on filename, Properties.
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AUTOEXEC & CONFIG: Autoexec.bat while in Win95 is the same file as Autoexec.w40 while in Dos. Autoexec.dos while in Win95 is the same file as Autoexec.bat while in Dos. Same thing with Config.sys, Config.w40 & Config.Dos
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Compare Files: Use Compare.exe or FC.exe in Dos. In Windows can use Textpad.
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Copy File or folder:
Same as copy/paste text: H/lite file/folder in Explorer or My Computer & Edit/copy then open another folder & Edit/Paste. OR: use Right mouse to drag to new location. OR: Ctrl+Drag with Left mouse. To copy to another Drive, just drag with Left mouse.
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Copy file to floppy:
My Computer or Explorer, click the file name, File menu, point to Send To, then click the drive to copy to.
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Delete File:
H/lite filename & press Del: will move it to Recycle bin, can still retore it. To delete fr. H/disk: H/lite it & press Shift+Del or: Shift+drag it with Left mouse to Recycle bin.
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Undelete:
If a file is purged from the Recycle bin, can still get it back quickly (b4 it's overwritten by new files) using the Undelete.exe from the old Dos folder (copy the file to Win95\Command first so it will be found when called at the Dos prompt), click Start/Shutdown, choose: Restart in MS-Dos mode. At the Dos prompt, type Lock, then Undelete. When done, type Unlock then TYPE "Exit" to relaunch to Win95.
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Select multiple Files or Folders:
Non-contiguous: Ctrl-click each one.
Contiguous: click first one then Shift-click the other end.
To select ALL: Edit menu/Select All. Or press Ctrl-A.
To select a few groups: Click, Shift click (get 1st group). Then Ctrl-click, then Ctrl-Shift-Click (get 2nd group) etc.
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Multiple File Registrations

Those folks who work with file formats that can be edited by more than one application have been grumbling about the absence of multiple file registrations in Windows 95.

Fact is, you can have multiple file registrations quite easily. From Explorer's menu select View|Options|File Types and find the type of file you want to work with and double click it.

In the Edit dialog that opens you will see a box marked Actions. This is where Win95 stores the actions to be taken when you double click on a file, drag it to a printer, and so on. You can have more than one Open so long as each action is a unique character string. For example, you could edit the BMP file type registration so that you have one entry named Open (MS Paint) and another named Open (Paint Shop Pro).

For each entry edit the actions needed to open the file with the appropriate application. Highlight one of the entries and click the Set Default button. That will be the application used when you double click on a file of that type. If, however, you right click the file, all of the entries you placed into the Actions box will appear on the context menu making it easy to open the file with the application of your choice.
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Bypass Delete Confirmations

Of course, you have right clicked the Recycle Bin and removed the check from Display Delete Confirmation Dialog, but what do you do when you are working on another machine that isn't configured to your liking?

Just hold down the Shift key while you drag the file(s) you want to delete to the Recycle Bin. When you drop the file onto the Recycle Bin, it is deleted without requesting a confirmation.

CAUTION! There is one, perhaps, unexpected consequence of using this method. Regardles of the confirmation setting, holding the Shift key down and dragging files to Recycle Bin prevents the files from being buffered in the bin, they are simply, and completely, deleted altogether.
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Permanently deleting files instead of sending them to the recycle bin: Hold down the Shift-key and press Delete, or right-click on them - then hold down the Shift-key before selecting delete from the context-menu.
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Pdf files

Files with the PDF extension are created using Adobe Acrobat software. To view these files you need to download the Adobe Acrobat Reader from http://www.adobe.com. There is also a plug-in for Netscape to view Acrobat files called Acrobat Amber.
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Log File Viewer:

Ever notice that there are a number of things in Windows 95 that allow you to create a log file? Interestingly, finding the log file after it is created is a hassle. Try this. Stick the Windows 95 CD in and go to \OTHER\MISC\LOGVIEW and copy all the files to your \WINDOWS folder on your hard disk. Then when you run LOGVIEW.EXE, it will open up all Windows log files in a single editor. This program is to log files as SYSEDIT.EXE is to your system files.
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After install, files that may be manually delete:

Files '95 won't delete....ie. Terminal is now replaced by Hyperterminal, do you still need Terminal cluttering up your HD? Files '95 deletes only if you install new versions....ie.Character Map is also offered by '95 if you specified it replaced. If you don't use Character Map do you need this type of file on your HD? Features dropped.......ie.Clock isn't included with '95, so it doesn't delete them, if you don't use these, do you need them?

Orpahans......HANDLE WITH CARE

some are key Win3.x system files, follow the orphan procedure, after running Win95 for a month or so...

1) in MS-DOS mode check each accessed date with DIR /V filename.

*DOS BACKUP: msbackdb.ovl msbackdr.ovl msbacfb.ovl msbackfr.ovl msbackup.exe msbackup.hlp msbackup.ini msbackup,ovl msbackup.rst msbconfg.hlp msbconfg.ovl

*DOS ANTIVIRUS: msav.hlp msav.ini msav.exe msavhelp.ovl msavirus.lst vsafe.com

*DOSSHELL: dosshell.com dosshell.exe dosshell.grb dosshell.ini dosshel.vid dosshell.hlp dosswap.exe ega.sys

*QBASIC: gorilla.bas money.bas nibbles.bas qbasic.exe qbasic.hlp remline.bas

*MEMMAKER: chkstate.sys memmaker.exe memmaker.hlp memmaker.inf memmaker.sts sizer.exe

*UNDELETE: mirror.com mwundel.hlp mwundel.exe undelete.exe

*INTERLINK: interink.exe intersvr.exe

*ORPHAN FILES:

appnotes.txt backup.exe cv.com dblspace.hlp dblspace.inf dblwin.hlp defrag.hlp doshelp.exe doshelp.exe dossetup.ini drvspace.hlp drvspace.inf help.exe keybrd2.sys msherc.com recover.exe smartdrv.sys

*OTHER DOS not in WIN95:

4201.cpi 4208.cpi 5202.cpi append.exe assign.com comp.exe delodos.exe diskcoomp.com driver.sys edlin.exe exe2bin.exe expand.exe fastopen.exe graftabl.com graphics.com graphics.pro join.exe icd.cpi loadfix.com monoumb.386 mstools.dll power,exe print.exe printer.sys printfix.com replace.exe restore.exe setup.exe smartmon.exe smartmon.hlp tree.com unformat.com

-- for other DOS files, after a month check with a dir /v from a dos prompt, if it is blank move to a temp dir (folder), and if you have no problems, 86 them.

2) if the access date is blank, (hasn't been accessed for the month) then move to a TEMPORARY dir.

3) if the system runs good for another month you can probably safely delete the files.

Dates of importance for /windows /windows/system files

03-10-92 Win3.1 files

12-31-93 Win3.11

09-30-92 WFWG3.1

11-01-93 WFWG3.11

*Files WINDOWS 95 won't delete*

FAX-- awcas.dll awfaxio.dll dilsched.dll efaxrun.dll faxmgr.exe faxstub.dll keyview.exe netfax.dll awclass1.dll awfxprot.dll efaxdrv.drv fax.cpl faxsnp.dll faxview.exe lineariz.dll sigview.exe awclass2.dll awt30.dlle faxpump.dll faxcover.dll faxopt.dll ifkernel,dll msfax.hlp

MAIL-- impexp.dll msmail.hlp mail.wri wgpomgr.dll msmail.exe

TERMINAL-- terminal.exe terminal.hlp WIN BACKUP-- mwbackf.dll mwbackup.hlp mwbackr.dll vfintd.386 mwbackup.exe

*Files '95 deletes only with new versions*

CHAR MAP-- charmap.exe
CHAT-- ringin.wav winchat.hlp ringout.wav winchat.exe
CLIPBOARD-- clipsrv.exe clipbrd.ini clipbrd.exe clipbrd.hlp
HEARTS-- cards.dll mshearts.exe mshearts.hlp
MINESWEEP-- winmine.exe winmine.hlp
NETWATCH-- netwatch.exe netwatch.hlp
NETWORK DDE-- nddeapi.dll nddenb.dll netdde.exe
SOLITARE--sol.exe sol.hlp
WINDOWS POPUP--winpopup.hlp winpopup.exe

*Features 86ed from '95 (taken out of win95)*

WIN ANTIVIRUS-- mwavabsi.dll mwavdrvi.dll mwavmgr.dll mwavtree.dll mwavdlg.dll mvav.exe mwavscan.dll mwavtsr.exe mwavdosi.dll mwav.hlp mwavsos.dll mwgrafic.dll
CALENDER-- calendar.exe calendar.hlp
CARDFILE-- cardfile.exe cardfile.hlp
CLOCK-- clock.exe
RECORDER-- recorder.dll recorder.exe recorder.hlp
SCHEDULE+-- msremind.exe schdplus.exe trnsched.dll mssched.dll schdplus.hlp schedmsg.dll trnoff.dll

**Orphan Files**

ab.dll cpqvga.gr3 glossary.hlp lm21drv.upd mailspl.exe pabnsp.dll rmm.d32 smc8000w.386 tim17521.wpdvddxga.386 vpmtd.386 wfwnetcp.hlp write.hlp cmc.dll demilayr.dll hpeisa.386 mach.3gr mssfs.dll progman.hlp sconfig.dll sound.drv v7vga.3gr vforms.dll wfwaudit.dll win.cnf xga.drv cpqgr3.exe framewrk.dll hpisa.386 mailmgr.dll ncdw.dll rasmac.386 sendfile.dll store.dll vddsvga.386 vga.3gr wfwnet.cpx winfile.hlp
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Do I still need CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT?
(fr. Windows95 Annoyances)

Windows95 comes with Plug-&-Play, as well as drivers for most of your hardware. This means, quite simply, that you can throw away most of the contents of your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files (despite what the folks at Apple tell you).

The problem with the driver's you've got already loaded in CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT, is that they're most likely real mode, 16-bit drivers for DOS. The drivers that come with Windows95 offer easier installation, better compatibility, plug-&-play, and better performance.

Follow these guidelines for removing the old drivers from your start-up files (experienced users only):

Ideally, you should delete CONFIG.SYS altogether, and should have nothing but your PATH in AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Generally, your CONFIG.SYS includes drivers for your disk cache, CD-ROM, sound card, syquest drive, scanner, as well as a myriad of parameters like Files=50, Buffers=20, and so on. Windows95 replaces most of these.

Make sure you back up both files before doing anything. Otherwise, you'll be sorry.

Start off by putting the word "rem" in front of every entry in CONFIG.SYS, and restart your computer. (this turns the lines into "remarks")

When Windows95 starts, it automatically scans your computer for any device without a driver, and install drivers as needed. The only problem is when Windows95 doesn't have the correct drivers. See the note below regarding CD-ROM drivers.

Once in Windows95, try out all your devices. If a device works, take out the driver from CONFIG.SYS. If not, remove the "rem" text you've placed in front of it.

The same process applies to AUTOEXEC.BAT, with the exception of the PATH statement. For some mysterious reason, it never occurred to the folks at Microsoft to include Windows support for the good 'ol PATH. (refer to your DOS manual for more information on the path statement.)

Slowly, as manufacturers release native Windows95 drivers for their hardware, you'll be able to do away with both CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Note: If you have a CD-ROM drive, odds are that you have a CD-ROM driver in CONFIG.SYS.

However, when you go to remove the driver, Windows95 asks for the original installation disks so that it can install its own CD-ROM driver. This doesn't work too well if you're installing from CD-ROM!

To get around this design limitation, you must install a Windows95 CD-ROM driver before removing the CONFIG.SYS driver. Double-click on Add/Remove Hardware in Control Panel, and add a driver for your CD-ROM. If your CD-ROM drive isn't listed, you'll have to contact the manufacturer for a Windows95 driver.

Once you've installed the driver, remove it from CONFIG.SYS before rebooting. Note that this will disable DOS support for your CD-ROM outside of Windows. Be aware that would won't have this problem if you have a SCSI CD-ROM drive. (more information from Microsoft)

Note: If you think that keeping these old drivers loaded is a good idea in case you need to re-install Windows95, you are mistaken. You will have better performance and stability if you use the native Windows95 drivers. However, I strongly recommend copying all your old drivers to a bootable floppy, so they are available in the event of of an emergency, such as a disk crash. No, Windows95 does not do this automatically.

Note: Refer to Unsupported Devices in Windows95 for a growing list of unsupported devices in Windows95.

Note: To configure Windows95 to automatically load certain DOS drivers when you exit Windows95, right click on the Exit to Dos shortcut located in your Windows directory, and click Properties. Click on the Program tab, click Advanced, select Specify a new MS-DOS configuration, and enter any desired drivers as though they were loaded in CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT.



FOLDER

Folder Properties: To see how many files and subfolders there are in a folder, R/click the folder icon or the client area of the folder window then select Properties.
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Opening Folders Nicely: If you want to open a sub-folder and have the parent folder automatically close, hold the ctrl key down as you double-click to open the new folder.
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Your Favorite Way to Browse

What happens if you double-click a folder inside a standard, single-pane folder window (the kind you get when you double-click My Computer)? Most likely, the folder you've clicked will open up in a separate window.

If you'd rather have the current window change to show the contents of the new folder, select View/Options from any folder window and click the Folders tab. Click Browse folders by using a single window that changes as you open each folder, then click OK. This will change not only the current folder but also your default.

Override Your Browse Mode

Whether you use single-window or multiple-windows mode (as set in View/Options' Folders tab) to browse single-pane folder windows, you can choose the alternative view whenever you open a folder. Just hold down [Ctrl] as you double-click a folder or drive icon. If your options are set for a single window, a new window will open; and if your options are set for multiple windows, the current window will show the desired folder's contents.
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Clean Up Folder Windows

If you browse through folder windows in multiple-window mode (as set in the Folders tab when you choose View/Options), your desktop can get cluttered pretty quickly. To close not only the current folder window but all "parent" folder windows you opened on the way there, hold down [Shift] as you click the close box on the far right of the current window's title bar.
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I'm surprised there is no simple method to cause a parent Window to close when selecting a subdirectory, at least not without changing the system default.

Hmmmm.... Try this: Set the Folder Options for Browsing to use a separate window for each folder. Double-click My Computer. Double-click C-drive. Double-click Win95 folder. Double-click Recent folder. Oops, I wanted to goto the SendTo folder.

Click the Close button. Double-click SendTo folder. Ahh, this is the folder I wanted to work on. Now let's close-up those other opened folders. Shift-left-click on the Win95 folder's Close button (neat, can the Mac do that?). OR Set the Folder Options for Browsing to use a single window that changes as you open each folder.

Double-click My Computer. Double-click C-drive. Double-click Win95 folder. Double-click Recent folder. Oops, I wanted to goto the SendTo folder. Hit the Backspace key (back to the Win95 folder). Double-click SendTo folder. Ahh, this is the folder I wanted to work on.
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Create new Folder

In My Computer or Windows Explorer, open the folder in which you want to create a new folder.On the File menu, point to New, and then click Folder. The new folder appears with a temporary name. Type a name for the new folder, and then press ENTER.



FONTS

Install/Remove: Control Panel- Fonts folder- File menu- Install new fonts
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Keep Fonts from Disappearing

If you install a generic Textmode Printer into Windows 95 and choose it as default you will not see any of your TrueType Fonts in programs like Word 6.0 or Wordpad.

Delete the Printer or Install another one like HP Deskjet and make it the default printer to regain access to your fonts.
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While playing around with my system I discovered that the min, max, and close buttons in the right of the Title Bar are sized proportionally to the size of the font chosen for the Title Bar.

So, if you are using a high res screen setting and are having a hard time acurately hitting the buttons, select a larger Title bar font.

This also effects the size of the font in the task bar, allowing you to see more of the application name if you choose a smaller font.

Right Click Desktop, Select PROPERTIES, then APPEARANCE, Item: ACTIVE TITLE BAR, then choose the font you want - I find Arial the easiest to read. P.S. This also works for MENU fonts as well, which *really* helps at 1280 X 1024!

You can change the size of the title bar (and the buttons along with it) independently of the font size. Go back to the properties screen you describe and experiment with changing the size of the 'Item', as opposed to the 'Font'. While it's true that making the font large will increase the size of the title bar, if you just want the buttons bigger, you don't have to make the font bigger...
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*** I am having a slight problem. The "disabled" text color on menus, buttons, and in dialog boxes is the same color as my background. I have not changed any of my screen colors since I installed Windows '95 in April. Everything was fine until I added more memory to my system... I have looked in the Display option in the control pannel, and I can change every other color. I also looked in he registery, (yeah, that was fun), but could not find anything... Thanks for any help in advance!

I know a good challenge when I see it...found the answer to this one in the win.ini of all places. Remember that file which is only included for backwards compatability? Under the section [colors] the line "graytext=" sets the colors for disabled text. I use a gray menu so my entries are Menu=192 192 192
GrayText=128 128 128
My guess is that yours both read the same numbers. Hope this works for you.



FORMATTING

How to Reformat a Formatted Floppy Disk in Explorer

The trick is you can NOT have Drive A open in the Explorer, nor can you use left mouse button to highlight Drive A if you want to format the floppy disk. If Drive A is open, click on Drive C first to close Drive A. Then, use the right mouse button to click on Drive A and choose Format from the drop-down menu.
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Format:

Double-click the My Computer icon, and then click the icon for the disk you want to format. Be sure not to double-click the disk icon, because you can't format a disk if it is open in My Computer or Windows Explorer. On the File menu, click Format.

You can do formatting even while Comm program runs in the b/ground.



HARDWARE

Subject: HARDWARE: Switching to a new drive - (From the Win95 List)

There have been quite a few messages lately about how to use XCOPY to copy files to a new hard disk and then move the new disk in place as your main hard drive. Much of the discussion relates to the keeping of long file names and the problem of locked files, hidden files, system files, etc.

I just completed this task today in a rather painless fashion and thought I'd pass on how I did it.

Set up the new drive as slave, configured it in CMOS and FDISKed and formatted the new drive with the /s option.

Went into Windows and loaded up Windows Commander (shareware file manager that provides a 2-panel view). Had my drive C in one panel and drive D in the other.

Tagged all the files in the root directory of C and copied them to the root of D.

Highlighted each top-level directory and hit F5 to copy the directory and it's contents to Drive D. This program sees ALL files - hidden, system, whatever. Even the 4 cache directories below "Temporary Internet Files" show up. It also handles long file names without problem. The only file it refused to handle was the swap file (no big deal - it provides a skip option when it hits such files).

Made sure I had a boot disk with FDISK on it.

Shut down and removed drive C, changed the jumpers on drive D to say it was the master drive, rebooted and changed the drive parameters in CMOS. Re-booted and went into FDISK to make the partition on drive D active.

Rebooted. Everything done and working fine.


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