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Here I'll post code samples from the engine. stay tuned.

ME!!!

Email:

roamfire@icqmail.com

Feedback people, I need feedback. just write about the demos so far.

Let the code begin

bool RenderEngine::InitializeEngine( HWND hWnd, long xWide, long yHigh, long bpp, bool isWindow) { DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; DDSCAPS2 _ddscaps2; HRESULT ddrval; m_bWindowed = isWindow; if( m_bWindowed ){ _Flipscreen = InternalWSFlipscreen; } LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER pClipper = NULL; m_hWnd = hWnd; if( m_hWnd == NULL ) return false; MoveWindow( m_hWnd, 0,0, xWide, yHigh, FALSE ); ShowWindow( m_hWnd, (m_bWindowed)?SW_NORMAL:SW_MAXIMIZE ); UpdateWindow( m_hWnd ); SetFocus( m_hWnd ); // create interface to DirectDraw4 ddrval = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DirectDraw, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IDirectDraw7, (void**)&m_pDirectDraw); if(FAILED(ddrval)){ return World::Error("[CRITICAL ERROR] Unable to create global DirectDraw interface\n"); } else { // Initialize DirectDraw4 ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->Initialize(NULL); if(FAILED(ddrval)) { m_pDirectDraw->Release(); m_pDirectDraw = NULL; return World::Error("[CRITICAL ERROR] Unable to intialize global DirectDraw interface.\n"); } } if( ddrval != DD_OK ) return World::Error(" DDObject creation failed! " ); // Now lets set the cooperativelevel of our application... DWORD flags = 0; if( m_bWindowed ) flags = DDSCL_NORMAL; else flags = DDSCL_NOWINDOWCHANGES | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT | DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN; ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->SetCooperativeLevel( m_hWnd, flags); if( ddrval != DD_OK ) return World::Error(" SetCooperativeLevel failed! " ); ZeroMemory(&ddsd, sizeof(ddsd)); ZeroMemory(&_ddscaps2, sizeof(_ddscaps2)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof( ddsd ); if( m_bWindowed ){ ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->GetDisplayMode( &ddsd ); ddsd.dwHeight = yHigh; ddsd.dwWidth = xWide; ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE; #if DIRECTDRAW_VERSION < 0x0700 ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface( &ddsd, (IDirectDrawSurface**)&m_pDirectDrawSPrimary, NULL ); #else ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface( &ddsd, &m_pDirectDrawSPrimary, NULL ); #endif if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ return World::Error("PrimarySurface creation failed! "); } // Create a clipper object since this is for a Windowed render ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateClipper(0, &pClipper, NULL); if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ return World::Error("PrimarySurface creation failed! "); } // Associate the clipper with the window pClipper->SetHWnd(0, m_hWnd); m_pDirectDrawSPrimary->SetClipper(pClipper); pClipper->Release(); pClipper = NULL; ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_HEIGHT |DDSD_WIDTH; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN; #if DIRECTDRAW_VERSION < 0x0700 ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface(&ddsd,(IDirectDrawSurface**)&m_pDirectDrawSBack,NULL); if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps |= DDSCAPS_SYSTEMMEMORY; ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface( &ddsd, (IDirectDrawSurface**)&m_pDirectDrawSBack, NULL ); } #else ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&m_pDirectDrawSBack,NULL); #endif if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ return World::Error("PrimarySurface creation failed! "); } }else{ // Now lets set the Displaymode: 640x480 in 16 bit Mode. ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->SetDisplayMode( xWide, yHigh, bpp, 0, 0 ); if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ return World::Error( "SetDisplayMode Failed" ); } // Now we create the primary surface. ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT; ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE | DDSCAPS_FLIP | DDSCAPS_COMPLEX; #if DIRECTDRAW_VERSION < 0x0700 ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface( &ddsd, (IDirectDrawSurface**)&m_pDirectDrawSPrimary, NULL ); #else ddrval = m_pDirectDraw->CreateSurface( &ddsd, &m_pDirectDrawSPrimary, NULL ); #endif if( ddrval != DD_OK ){ return World::Error("PrimarySurface creation failed! "); } // Create the Backbuffer. To this surface the whole graphics stuff is drawn. _ddscaps2.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER; ddrval = m_pDirectDrawSPrimary->GetAttachedSurface(&_ddscaps2, &m_pDirectDrawSBack); if( ddrval != DD_OK ) return World::Error("Couldn't create the Backbuffer! "); } m_ScreenH = yHigh; m_ScreenW = xWide; m_lMinXPos = 0; m_lMinYPos = 0; m_lMaxXPos = xWide; m_lMaxYPos = yHigh; return true; }

ok, the above code initializes the DirectDraw object pointers, required for the drawing, they are: 1. IDirectDraw7 - the DirectDraw main event, (the pointer is named m_pDirectDraw, surprisingly well named.), this baby will help us create all other objects. 2. IDirectDrawSurface7 - this is our drawing board, in the code I've called it m_pDirectDrawSPrimary and m_pDirectDrawSBack, named after the primary surface and the back buffer surface. 3. if we are in a windowed mode, we'll also create a clipper for the window, so that our graphics doesn't overflow on the desktop. at the end of the function there are four member variables that hold the drawing clipping region, so that we can clip our drawing inside the visible part. more will come...

void RenderEngine::bltObjectEx( long x, long y, LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 source, const RECT* pSrcRect, DWORD flags, LPDDBLTFX& fx) const{ HRESULT ddrval; RECT src = *pSrcRect; if( 0 == RenderEngine::m_EngineRef ) return; const long TileH = src.bottom - src.top; const long TileW = src.right - src.left; if( x < m_lMinXPos ){ src.left += (m_lMinXPos-x); x = m_lMinXPos; } if( y < m_lMinYPos ){ src.top += (m_lMinYPos-y); y = m_lMinYPos; } if( x+TileW >= m_lMaxXPos ){ src.right -= (x+TileW-m_lMaxXPos); } if( y+TileH >= m_lMaxYPos ){ src.bottom -= (y+TileH-m_lMaxYPos); } RECT rc = {x,y,x+(src.right-src.left),y+(src.bottom-src.top)}; ddrval = m_pDirectDrawSBack->Blt( &rc, source, &src, flags, fx ); if( ddrval == DD_OK ) return; if( ddrval == DDERR_SURFACELOST ){ if( !RestoreAll() ) return; } if( ddrval != DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING ){ return; } }

Here is our basic blitting function, first we setup the destination rectangle, considering the internal clipping region. In case the surface was lost I attempt to restore the surfaces. When all the blitting is done, (the back buffer is ready to be displayed) I flip the surfaces and the verical blank signal.

m_pDirectDraw->WaitForVerticalBlank(DDWAITVB_BLOCKBEGIN , NULL); if( m_pDirectDrawSPrimary->GetFlipStatus(DDGFS_ISFLIPDONE) == DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING ) return; ddrval = m_pDirectDrawSPrimary->Flip( NULL, 0 ); if( ddrval == DD_OK ) return; if( ddrval == DDERR_SURFACELOST ) m_pDirectDrawSPrimary->Restore();

Hi again. If you had the time to download the latest demo, you might have noticed that there is a circle of light following the robot, And you might have wondered how was it done. well, first I created a 2d array of char's, that is the pShader pointer, then each element was given the light increase value, which ranged from 0 to 80. now each time I draw the scene, I call the function below after the ground map is drawn. the f(x) below is very simple and specific, it draws only for 24 bit surfaces.

void RenderEngine::ShaderFx( long x, long y, long w, long h, const char* pShader ) const{ long nx,ny,nw,nh; nx = x; ny = y; nw = w; nh = h; if( 0 == RenderEngine::m_EngineRef || m_pBufferPtr == NULL ) return; char* ps = (char*)pShader; if( y < m_lMinYPos ){ nh -= (m_lMinYPos-y); ps += (m_lMinYPos-y) * w; ny = m_lMinYPos; } if( y+h >= m_lMaxYPos ){ nh -= ((y+h)-m_lMaxYPos); } if( x < m_lMinXPos ){ nw -= (m_lMinXPos-x); ps += (m_lMinXPos-x); nx = m_lMinXPos; } if( x+w >= m_lMaxXPos ){ nw -= ((x+w)-m_lMaxXPos); } // do char* p = (m_pBufferPtr) + (nx*3) + (ny * m_lSurfacePitch); char* pd = p; for( long i = 0 ; i < nh ; i++){ for( long j = 0 ; j < nw ; j++){ if( ((long)*p)&0xffffff == 0 ){ p+=3; ps++; continue; } *p += *ps; p++; *p += *ps; p++; *p += *ps; p++; ps++; } pd += m_lSurfacePitch; p = pd; ps += (w-nw); } }

here is a small tutorial on how to find what tile my mouse is over. without too much math stuff :)

first the mouse is always in a box (doesn't matter if our map is square, iso or hex).

we have to move this box to the top left corner of the screen (known as the axis starting point, point zero).

now after we moved the box to point zero, we should know how many moves we made on x and y. all that is left is to check the mouse position inside this box to see if (when map is anything but square) our tile position should be offsetted. sample code for hex map: // x is mouse_x and y is mouse_y // adjust mouse position, to compensate for in tile movement long AdjustedMouseX = x - m_lInTileXOffset; long AdjustedMouseY = y + m_lInTileYOffset; // calculate the square region we are in: long RegionX = (AdjustedMouseX / m_lHexTileWidth) * 2 ; long RegionY = (AdjustedMouseY / pMap->m_lTileHeight) * 2; // calculate the offset in the base tile (the region) long dx = AdjustedMouseX - (RegionX * m_lHexHalfTileWidth); long dy = AdjustedMouseY - (RegionY * m_lHalfTileHeight); COLORREF rgb; // I use a color map to determine if we are on the tile that is in the region or // if we are outside it in one of the adjcant tiles switch( m_pMouseMap[ dy * m_lHexTileWidth + dx ] ){ case 1: rgb = RGB(255,0,0); break; case 2: rgb = RGB(255,255,0); break; case 3: rgb = RGB(0,255,0); break; case 4: rgb = RGB(0,0,255); break; default: rgb = 0; break; } long RegionDX = 0, RegionDY = 0; // now calculate the center tile of this region m_CellX = (m_lCurrTileX) + (RegionX>>1) + (RegionY>>1); m_CellY = (m_lCurrTileY) - (RegionX>>1) + (RegionY>>1); // calculate the region offset, if we are in an adjcant tile if(rgb == RGB(255,0,0)) // red { RegionDX = -1; RegionDY = -1; m_CellX--; } else if(rgb == RGB(0,255,0)) // green { RegionDX = -1; RegionDY = 1; m_CellY++; } else if(rgb == RGB(255,255,0)) // yellow { RegionDX = 1; RegionDY = -1; m_CellY--; } else if(rgb == RGB(0,0,255)) // blue { RegionDX = 1; RegionDY = 1; m_CellX++; } // and our tile location is: tx = RegionX*m_lHexHalfTileWidth + RegionDX*m_lHexHalfTileWidth + m_lInTileXOffset; ty = RegionY*m_lHalfTileHeight + RegionDY*m_lHalfTileHeight - m_lInTileYOffset;