E is the base-plate, from which, nearly at its ends, rise
two standards F and F' fixed parallel to each other,
and which support the receiver C and the two horizontal cross-bars
G and G', which are properly perforated to serve
as guides for the vertical rack-bars B constituting the transmitter.
These standards F and F'
also support a shaft H, which passes
through them, and upon the left-hand end of which are fastened in order a
crank-handle Ha, a gear-wheel
Hb, and a cam-disk Hc,
while the right-hand end carries also rigid
therewith a grooved drum Hd.
The controlling mechanism or controller A
is carried by hollow rails Ia and Ib at the front
and rear respectively, which are connected by cross-bars Ic and
Id of an inverted-T shape
at either end, and which in turn are connected
at the top of the machine by a cross-bar Ie, which is vertically
adjustable by means of screws and nuts. The frame formed by the bars
Ia, Ib, Ic and Id
is fitted in the four guides Ea, Eb,
Ec and Ed placed at the four corners
of the base-plate and in two other guides
Fa and F'a at the top and exterior of the standards
F and F'.
At the rear of the machine is a rock-shaft If,
turning in bearing Ee and Ef, rising from the
base-plate, and having fast thereon at the left and right hand ends,
respectively, the two levers Ig and Ih, from
which are suspended by links Ii and Ij,
respectively, the cross-bars
Ic and Ic. The lever Ig also
carries an outwardly-projecting friction-roller Ik,
which runs in a cam-groove, (indicated by dotted line in
Fig. 5,)
upon the inner face of the disk Hc, so
that during each rotation of the shaft H by
its handle Ha the hollow rails Ia and
Ib will be raised parallel to each other and to the
same height and then lowered to initial position. The guide Fa
also carries a stub-shaft,
upon which is mounted an intermediate gear-wheel
which transmits motion from the gear-wheel Hb to a pinion
Da of one-half its diameter, which is fast to the end
of the shaft Db of the carrying mechanism journaled in the
upper and rear portions of the standards F and F'.
The principal parts of the machine are the
controller A, the transmitter B, receiver C,
and carrying mechanism D, to which may be added
the handles J and K and connected
mechanism for resetting to zero and the tape L for locating the
decimal-point and reading the result.
The controller exists of a base-plate Aa,
having ten parallel slots therein serving as
guides for the ten controlling-plates Ab sliding thereon,
supported by projecting shoulders upon the flanged lower portions of the
plates Ac and Ad at the front and rear,
respectively, which, together with the connecting side pieces
Ae and Af at the right and left,
respectively, serve to form the framework of
the controller. The side pieces Ae and Af
also serve to support the horizontal plate Ag
extending forward thereto from the top of the plate Ad.
At the front of the controller are eleven
plates Ah, supported upon and between the
top of the plate Ac and the horizontal angle-bar
Ak, which connects the front upwardly-extending portions of
the side pieces Ae and Af, as seen in
Figs. 2
and 3.
The left-hand ten of the plates Ah are notched and numbered
from 0 and 1 to 9 for the purpose of
adjusting and retaining the controlling-plates Ab
by their handles Ab2, the spaces between
the plates Ah permitting this adjustment.
The sliding piece Al, stepped for a purpose
to be afterward mentioned, is adjustable by notches (see
Fig. 1)
in the angle-bar Ak
which supports it, and serves as a decimal-pointer.
The controller is supported by horizontal
shafts Aj and Aj', journaled in the shoulders
forming the lower portions of the plates Ac
and Ad, and which have rollers and
Aj 2 at their ends, guided in the hollow rails
Ia and Ib. The double-angled plates
Ai and Ai', fastened to the front of the plate
Ac, take over the hollow rail Ia and serve to
guide the controller in its horizontal movements.
The controller is adjusted to the right or left, as may be desired,
by means of the handle Am rotatable over a dial An,
projecting forward from the plate Ac, having ten notches for
determining the movement of the controller and locking the handle by means of a
lug Am' upon its lower side engaging with
said notches. This handle Am is pivotally
mounted in the top of a vertical shaft Am2
mounted in said dial An and having at its lower end
a small pinion Ao gearing in the rack Ia'
projecting forward from the hollow
rail Ia
so that the rotation of the handle Am
will move the controller A a distance (in this
machine) of 3.3 millimeters for each notch of
the dial An, or thirty-three millimeters for a
complete rotation. The cross-bar G has a
downwardly-projecting portion G' with teeth
on its rear face with a pitch of 3.3 millimeters, and the
co-operating rack Ap supported
by an upturned flange on the forward end of
the plate Ag has similar teeth. If the crank-handle
Am is not exactly in a notch of the
dial the teeth of Ap will abut against the teeth
of G and prevent the controller from rising,
and similarly, the teeth, when meshed, prevent
its horizontal displacement, thus avoiding
any danger of damaging the rack-rods of
the transmitter B. These rods are steel,
rectangular in section and sixty in number, arranged in three rows
Ba Bb Bc, forming
twenty groups thirty-three millimeters apart.
The rods of the rows Ba and Bb have rack-teeth
Ba' and Bb' on the right-hand side, while
those of the row Bc have similar teeth on the
left-hand side. The pitch of their teeth is
3.3 millimeters, and each rod is provided with
a lug or shoulder Ba2 resting on the cross-bar
G to prevent the rods descending too far.
The controlling-plates Ab, like the groups
of rods of the transmitter, are placed thirty-three
millimeters apart from center to center
and each has a vertical spring-pressed
lever Ab2 pivoted thereto, which serves to
place and retain it in the notches of its associated
plate Ah. The plates Ab', which are
placed on the rear portion of the plates Ab,
are each provided with eighteen rows of pins
arranged in nine groups of two rows in each
group, the front row of each group representing
units and the rear row thereof representing
tens carried over from each partial product, and their
positions and lengths are determined in the following manner: The lever
Ab2 of one plate is placed in the notch 1 of its
plate Ah and the crank-handle Am is also
placed in the notch 1 of its dial An, and as the product of
these numbers is one a pin equal in height to the pitch of the rack on the rod
Bb, 3.3 milimeters, is placed under said rod Bb,
no pin being placed
under the rod Bc, as the product has no tens to be carried over.
Then turn the handle to the notch 2, the product being two multiplied by
one, equaling two, and place a pin of twice the length of the first beneath
the rod Bb and none beneath Bc.
When the whole row has been thus placed, the lever
Ab2 is placed in the second notch of the plate
Ah and the crank-handle is again moved successively into the
notches 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the dial An, and the pins
are placed under the rod Bb of lengths proportional to 2, 4, 6,
8, 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 - that is to say, the units of the products of
2 by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively,
and under the rod Bc pins of a length proportional to
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1, which
represent the tens of these same products to
be carried forward. Similarly for the other
rows. In this manner a controlling plate or
member, which is a material embodiment of
the multiplication-table, is obtained, and the
ten plates Ab' are identical in structure.
The sliding piece Al is adjustable along the
notched bar Ak and has a stepped piece at
its back which can be fixed over any of the
controlling-plates Ab. The different heights
of the steps correspond, starting from the left
hand, to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 - that is to
say, when the handle Am is in notch 7 the
stepped plate Al will, in rising with the whole
controller A, push up the rack-rod Ba to a
height corresponding to seven of its teeth,
and it thus serves to set up the successive
figures of the multiplier or quotient, depending
upon whether multiplication or division is being performed.
The receiver C has a framework composed
of the front plate Ca having a section, as shown in
Fig. 3,
provided with two rows of twenty sight-apertures each, and have end
pieces Cr and Cr'
connected with each other by the cross-pieces Cb,
Cc, and Ci. The cross-bars Cb and
Cc serve to support a series of plates Cd, which,
together with the front plate Ca, serve as bearings for three
rows of superposed shafts Ce,
Cf, and Cg, each twenty in number, and placed
at a horizontal distance of thirty-three millimeters from each other.
Upon each shaft Ce
are placed a lug Ce', a ten-toothed pinion
Ce2
loose thereon, and a fixed collar Ce3, all to
the rear of its plate Cd, and between the plates
Cd and Ca is a fixed arm
Ce4 which extends to
the right between the adjoining shafts Ce and Cf,
where it is supported by a pin in one of
the plates Cd, as shown in
Fig 2a.
Upon each of the shafts Cf, to the rear of its plate
Cd, are fixed a ten-toothed pinion with two of its teeth removed
and carrying a pin
Cf 2 projecting rearwardly, and a ten-toothed
pinion Cf 3 gearing with the pinion
Ce2 immediately above it, and between the plates
Cd and Ca are fixed the cam-pin
Cf 4, a ten-toothed pinion
Cf 5, a ten-toothed star-wheel
Cf 6, a dial
Cf 7, bearing the figures 0 and 1 to 9, and
outside the plate Ca is fixed a milled knob
Cf 8 for setting the shaft to any desired
position. Upon each one of the shafts Cg, to the rear of the
plate Cd, is fixed an eleven-toothed pinion Cg',
from which two teeth have been removed, and having a pin
Cg2 projecting rearwardly therefrom, and between
the plates Cd and Ca are the eleven-toothed pinion
Cg3, an eleven-toothed star-wheel
Cg4, and a dial
Cg5 bearing two sets of figures 0 and 1 to 9 and a
blank space, arranged in reverse order, and outside the plate
Ca is the milled knob Cg6, similar to
Cf 8. When a dial
Cf 7 passes from 9 to 0, or from 0 to 9, the
cam-pin Cf 4, taking against a double beveled
lug Ch' fast upon a leaf-spring
Ch, which is fastened at its lower end in an extension of the
cross-bar Cb and has its upper end bearing against
the arm Ce4 of the shaft Ce,
immediately to the left of the shaft Cf,
whose cam-pin Cf 4, takes against
the lug Ch, causes the leaf-spring to move the shaft
Ce to the rear as a preliminary step in the carrying of the
tens, which will be further explained. Upon a cross-bar (not shown) are
spring-detents (not shown) for co-operating with the star-wheels
Cf 6 and Cg4 for
preventing accidental movements of the shafts Cf and
Cg. The shaft Ce, which does not rotate, but
reciprocates longitudinally, as above stated, has a bearing in the plate
Ca of a sufficient depth to permit this, and a strong
leaf-spring Cj fast upon the cross-bar Cc
serves to hold it yieldingly in either position.
Fb, F'b, Fc, and
F'c are pins fixed in the end standards F F',
upon which the receiver C is carried by corresponding holes in its end
plates Cr and Cr'. The receiver C is also
carries rigid therewith at its right-hand end an
axis Ck, upon which, outside of the standard
F', is rotably mounted a sleeve Cl, which
has two arms Cg, carrying at their ends friction-rollers
Cm and Cn, one or the other of
which arms is by its roller engaged in the cam-grooves
of the drum Hd before referred
to and is there retained by a spring-lever Co
rigid with said sleeve Cl and held in one or
the other of the notches + or - upon a standard
Cp rigid with the axis Ck. The two
grooves of the drum Hd being symmetrical
and inverse in direction, it follows that if by
a given rotation of the drum Hd the receiver
is moved to the left when the lever is in the
notch + a similar rotation will move it to the
right when the lever is in the notch -.
The carrying mechanism D consists of the
shaft Db, on which is fast the pinion Da,
which transmits thereto in the ratio of two
to one the rotary movement of the gear-wheel Hb. The shaft
Db carries twenty cams Dc
(of which only one is shown in
Fig. 3
to prevent confusion,) so arranged that each is
placed at an angular advance of four degrees
thirty-one minutes from its left-hand neighbor,
from which it is distant thirty-three millimeters.
Each cam Dc, by means of a groove (indicated in dotted lines in
Fig. 3)
in its left-hand face, at each rotation moves downward a lever
De, pivoted by trunnions Df in notches in the
cross-bar Dg connecting the standards F and
F', and which has a laterally-projecting pin
De2 co-operating with the cam-groove of the cam
Dc.
This lever De has a pin De' at its end, projecting
laterally at both sides, which on the lever being depressed by the cam passes
behind the pinion Ce2 if it is in a forward
position or engages therewith and rotates it one tooth if it is in a rearward
position. Before the lever rises a lug Dc' upon the cam
Dc strikes the lug Ce' and moves it forward, if not
already in that position, after which the lever is free to rise.
The object in having the cams arranged to
act in succession instead of simultaneously is to prevent any possible failure
to carry, such as would occur if the dials Cf 7
showed the amount of 999,999 and by the operation
of the machine 1 was to be added to the sum already indicated. If the cams
were arranged to act simultaneously, the sum shown would be 999,900 instead
of 1,000,000, as it should be and will be if the cams act in succession.
As the mechanisms J and K for resetting the upper
and lower dials to zero are the same, but one of them will be described. This
mechanism consists of a hand-lever K, fixed to a sleeve
Ka, which is capable of sliding longitudinally and turning upon
two pins Fd and F'd, fixed in the standards
F and F'. The sleeve Ka is provided with arms
Kb, carrying a rack Kc and a bar Kd,
which is free to rise with the
rack when the hand-lever K is moved backward, but is prevented from
moving horizontally with said rack if the hand-lever is moved longitudinally.
The bar Kd is provided with small pins Kd', so
arranged that when the bar Kd is raised and the mutilated
portions of the pinions Cg' are downward (the dials
Cg5 being then at zero) the pins will abut against
the left-hand face of the pins Cg2, which are also
held at their lowest position. Thus in order to return the dials
Cg5 to zero when placed in any position it is simply
necessary to raise the rack and move the hand-lever K from right to left.
The pinions Cg' are caused to turn so long as the teeth are
in gear with the rack Kc, but are out of gear when the mutilated
portion of the gear is downward. At this moment the small pins
Kd' abut against the pins
Cg2 and stop and retain the dials
Cg5, which are now at zero. On then lowering
and returning the rack the pinions are free to move.
The traveling band L is endless and is placed above
the apertures, (being possibly threaded in two parallel slots in each
of the standards F and F',) but preferably mounted on two
spools depending from lugs at the front and top of the standards
F and F', as seen in
Fig. 1,
and starting from the decimal-point is divided into spaces extending over
three of the dials and bearing the names of the orders of figures,
as "units," "thousands," "millions," &c.
One revolution of the crank-handle may be considered as
divided into nine parts, in each of which the principal parts of the machine
perform one function. If the lever Co be placed in the
+ notch:
First. The receiver is moved to the right, gearing the
teeth of the pinions Cf 5 in the racks
Bc of the transmitter.
Second. The controller A is raised, pushing up the
rack-rods Ba, Bb, and Bc of the
transmitter distances corresponding to the height of the parts contacting
therewith. The rod Ba is raised by the stepped plate
Al and the rods Bb (representing the units of the
product of the number denoted by the position of the
controlling-plates by the figure denoted by the position of the
multiplying-crank Am on its dial An) are
raised by the pins on the plates Ab' and none of them produce
any action, not being in gear with their pinions; but the racks
Bc, which alone are in gear and which represent the tens of the
product to be carried over, rotate the dials
Cf 7 to an extent corresponding to the number
of teeth which they are raised.
Third. The receiver is placed slightly to the right of its
middle position.
Fourth. The levers De, by their pins
De', engage in succession and rotate to the extent of one tooth
those of the pinions Ce2 (which are on their left
hand) which have been moved back. As the pinions Ce2
are broad enough to mesh with the pinions Cf 3
directly beneath them, whichever position they may be in, this causes the dials
Cf 7 to be advanced one space, and the tens are
thus carried over.
Fifth. The receiver is shifted entirely to the left,
causing the pinions Cf 5 and
Cg3 to gear with the racks Bb and
Ba, respectively, which were raised free and held in their
raised position by the controller.
Sixth. The controller redescends and the racks are lowered
by gravity, assisted by the cross-bar Ie, if necessary, so as to
rotate the dials Cg5 and
Cf 7 the number of divisions they have
been raised. The rods Bc, being free, no longer act.
Seventh. The receiver returns a little to the right of
middle position.
Eighth. The levers De carry over any tens
which may have to be carried forward.
Ninth. The receiver places itself exactly in the center,
which was its original position.
If the receiver-lever Co is placed in the
notch the same actions will take place; but all the left-hand positions
will be transferred to the right, so that those racks which were in gear in
rising will be in gear descending, and vice versa, and the pinions
Ce2, which were geared by the levers De
on their right will be geared by the levers which are on their left. The
receiving-dials thus turn in a reverse direction to the previous case,
and as when turning in the first direction the numeration increases, in the
other direction it diminishes. Thus, for example, to multiply 956.48 by 638,
the levers Ab2 of the controlling-plates are
placed in the notches of the figures corresponding, respectively, to those of
the number 956.48, care being taken to place the slider Al,
carrying the stepped plate, above the figure 6 of the units, after which the
multiplying-crank is placed successively in the notches Nos. 6, 3,
and 8 corresponding to the figures of the multiplier passing over
zero between each stoppage and moving it in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 2.
After each stoppage the crank-handle Ha is moved one turn.
The product 610,234.24 is indicated on the upper dials at the same time that
638 appears on the lower ones. The tape L is then moved so as to bring
the decimal-point to the right of the 8 of the figures 638, and the
result is immediately found divided into groups of three figures, in integers
and decimals, of which the names may be read off from the tape. The result in
this case is 610 thousand, 234 units, and 24 hundredths.
Addition is only a special instance of multiplication, as a
number is considered as its product by one, so that if the
calculating-plates are adjusted successively to certain numbers, leaving
the multiplying-handle at 1, and the handle Ha be turned
each time, the machine will produce the sum of these products and consequently
of the numbers themselves. If the receiver-lever is in the negative notch
the products, instead of being added, will be subtracted from a number
previously set up on the machine and the difference will be indicated.
Division is but multiplication reversed - that is to say,
worked from the negative notch.
As regards other operations - such as involution, evolution,
&c. - they are obtained by suitably combining the four fundamental
operations of arithmetic.
It will be understood that my invention is capable of numerous
modifications of the structure shown and described and all within the scope
thereof, and with which it is unnecessary to cumber this specification, and
that I do not desire to be limited to the exact form shown and described, but
only to those structures and combinations within the terms of the following
claims.
For those liking the subtleties of legal language,
here are 102 claims. Everyone else can immediately jump to the
concluding statement and notes.
I claim -
1. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
controlling-frame and the guides therefor, with the rotary
operating-handle, a disk rotated thereby, and links reciprocated
by said disk and connected to said controlling-frame.
2. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
controlling-frame and the guides therefor, with the rotary
operating-handle, a disk rotated thereby, a rock-shaft and connections
with said disk for reciprocating said shaft, and links connecting arms on
said shaft with said frame.
3. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
controlling-frame and the guides therefor, with the rotary
operating-handle, a disk rotated thereby having a cam, an arm on a
rock-shaft reciprocated thereby, and links connecting arms on said shaft with
said frame.
4. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a
framework, a receiving-carriage reciprocating therein, a series
of registering gear-wheels mounted in said carriage, with an
operating-handle, a shaft rotated thereby, a cam upon said shaft,
connections with said carriage controlled by said cam, and a series of
reciprocating racks with which said gear-wheels intermesh in one position
of said carriage.
5. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a
framework, a receiving-carriage reciprocating therein, with an
operating-handle,
a shaft rotated thereby, a disk containing a cam-groove upon said shaft, and a
connecting-piece controlling the position of said carriage, and carrying
a friction-roller co-operating with said groove.
6. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a
framework, a receiving-carriage reciprocating therein, with an
operating-handle, a shaft rotated thereby, a disk containing two
inverse and symmetrical cam-grooves upon
said shaft, and a rod connected with said carriage,
and carrying a sleeve rotatable thereon, with
two arms carrying friction-rollers co-operating
with said grooves, and means for retaining
one or the other of said rollers in its groove.
7. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a
framework, a receiving-carriage reciprocating therein, with an
operating-handle, a shaft rotated thereby, a disk containing two
inverse and symmetrical cam-grooves therein mounted on said shaft, a
connecting-piece
controlling the position of said carriage, and
carrying two friction-rollers co-operating with
their respective grooves, and means for holding one or the other of said
rollers in position.
8. In a calculator, the combination of the
controlling-frame, means for reciprocating said frame, with the
controlling-carriage mounted therein, and controlling-plates
in said carriage adjustable at right angles to the line of movement
of said carriage.
9. In a calculator, the combination of the
controlling-frame, means for reciprocating said frame, with the
controlling-carriage, shafts therein carrying rollers traveling in
ways in said frame, and controlling-plates
in said carriage adjustable at right angles to the line of movement
of said carriage.
10. In a calculator, the combination of the
controlling-frame, means for reciprocating said frame, with the
controlling-carriage mounted therein, and controlling-plates
in said carriage adjustable at right angles to the line of movement of said
carriage with notched scales for adjusting and retaining said plates.
11. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
controlling-frame, means for reciprocating said frame, with the
controlling-carriage mounted therein, a scale thereon and means for
controlling the movement of said carriage by said scale, and
controlling-plates adjustable
in said carriage at right angles to its line of movement.
12. In a calculator, the combination of the
controlling-frame, means for reciprocating said frame, with the
controlling-carriage mounted therein, a dial thereon, a shaft carrying
a handle co-operating with said dial and a pinion gearing with a longitudinal
rack on said frame, and
controlling-plates adjustable
in said carriage at right angles to its line of movement.
13. In a calculator, the combination of the
controlling-frame, with the controlling-carriage adjustably mounted
therein, and a dial with a handle co-operating therewith, a pinion
upon one of said parts, moved by said handle, co-operating with a rack upon the
other of said parts.
14. In a calculator, the combination of the main frame of the
machine, a serrated plate rigid therewith, with a controlling-frame
movable in said frame, and a controlling-carriage adjustable in said
controlling-frame, and carrying a serrated plate co-operating with said
first-named serrated plate to prevent movement of said
controlling-frame unless the controlling-carriage is exactly
adjusted, and to insure its regular movement.
15. In a calculator, the combination of the series of racks, with
the controlling-carriage carrying controlling mechanism and laterally
adjustable to determine the extent of movement imparted to the racks by the
controlling mechanism, and a dial and co-operating index for adjusting said
carriage so arranged that when the index passes over zero of the dial the
controlling mechanism shall pass into register with the next adjoining racks
so as to effect a higher or lower order as the case may be, substantially as
described.
16. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks, with
the controlling-plates bearing a series of pins co-operating therewith, a
controlling-carriage carrying said plates and laterally adjustable to
determine which of said pins shall engage the racks, and a dial and
co-operating index for adjusting said carriage so arranged that when the index
passes over zero of the dial the plates shall pass into register with the next
adjoining racks so as to effect a higher or lower order as the case may be.
17. In a calculator, the combination of the
series of racks, with the controlling-plates bearing a series of pins
co-operating therewith, means for adjusting said plates to determine the
figures of a multiplicand or divisor, a controlling-carriage carrying
said plates and laterally adjustable to determine which of said pins shall
engage the racks, and a dial and co-operating index for adjusting said carriage
so as to determine the individual figures of the multiplier or quotient,
so arranged that when the index passes over zero of the dial the plates shall
pass into register with the next adjoining racks to effect a higher or
lower indication as the case may be.
18. In a calculator, the combination of the racks representing
different orders of figures with the controlling-carriage movable from
one order to another, and the stepped plate Al carried thereby and
co-operating with said racks in succession.
19. In a calculator, the combination of the racks representing
different orders of figures, with the controlling-carriage movable from
one order to another and whose position relative to the orders determines the
figures of the multiplier or quotient, and the stepped plate Al
carried thereby, and adjustable thereon relative to the orders and
co-operating with the racks in succession.
20. In a calculator, the combination of the series of dials with
the adjustable tape co-operating therewith marked into divisions for the
different orders of figures, integral and decimal.
21. In a calculator, the combination of the series of units and
tens racks, means for reciprocating said racks, with a carriage containing
a series of numeral gear-wheels meshing directly with said racks,
carrying means interposed between said gear-wheels, and means for
adjusting said carriage so that the units-racks will gear with
certain wheels during their movement in one direction and so
that the tens-racks will gear with the wheels of the next higher order
during their movement in the other direction.
22. In a calculator, the combination of the series of units and
tens racks, a rotary handle and connections for reciprocating said racks,
with a carriage containing a series of numeral gear-wheels
meshing directly with said racks, carrying means interposed between said
gear-wheels, a cam-groove upon a shaft rotated by said handle, and
connections with said groove for adjusting said carriage so that
the units-racks will gear with certain gear-wheels during
their movement in one direction, and so that the tens-racks will gear
with the wheels of the next higher order during
their movement in the other direction.
23. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
receiving-carriage, a series of register-wheels on shafts mounted
therein, with a series of relatively stationary carrying members,
and connections whereby when the carriage is in one position said
carrying members will add one by their operation, and when in the other
position they will subtract one by their operation.
24. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the
receiving-carriage, a series of register-wheels on shafts mounted
therein, gears rigid with said shafts, with a series of relatively stationary
carrying members, and connections whereby when said carriage is in one
position said carrying members will move said gears a tooth in one direction
by their operation, and when in the other position they will move said
gears a tooth in the other direction.
25. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a
series of register-wheels on shafts, with another series of shafts
parallel thereto, means for moving longitudinally one of said second series
of shafts when its corresponding shaft of the first series passes from 9
to 0, or vice versa, a loose pinion on each shaft of said second series
gearing with a pinion fixed on its corresponding shaft of said first series,
and a series of arms for moving said loose pinion one tooth when its shaft is
in its abnormal position.
26. In a calculator, the combination of a
series of register-wheels on shafts, with another series of shafts
parallel thereto, means for moving longitudinally one of said second series
of shafts when its corresponding shaft of the first series passes from 9 to 0,
or vice versa, a loose pinion on each shaft of said second series gearing with
a pinion fixed on its corresponding shaft of said first series, a series of
arms for moving said loose pinions one tooth when its shaft is in its abnormal
position, and a series of cams helically arranged upon a rotating shaft for
operating said arms.
27. In a calculator, the combination of the shaft
Cf, cam Cf 4, and pinion
Cf 3 thereon, with the shaft Ce, lug
Ce4, and loose pinion Ce2
thereon, the spring Ch and its cam, the arm De,
pin De', and the cam
Dc |1|
co-operating therewith.
28. In a calculator, the combination of the shaft
Cf, cam Cf 4, and pinion
Cf 3 thereon, with the shaft Ce, lug
Ce4, lug Ce', and loose pinion
Ce2 thereon, the spring Ch and its cam,
the arm De, pin De', cam
Dc, |1|
and its lug Dc' co-operating therewith.
29. In a calculator, the combination of the mutilated pinions
Cg' carrying the pin Cg2, with the
sliding rack Kc and the relatively fixed plate Kd
carrying the pin Kd', and means for swinging said rack into mesh
with the pinion.
30. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks, means
for moving said racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of said racks, carrying means between said wheels settable
thereby, and means for moving said series of wheels into the plane of said
racks during a portion of the movement of said racks, and operating said
carrying means successively when said wheels are not in the plane of said
racks.
31. In a calculating-machine, the combination of the series
of racks, means for reciprocating said racks, with a series of registering
gear-wheels normally out of the plane of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and means for moving said series of
wheels into the plane of the racks during their movement in one direction,
and operating said carrying mechanisms successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
32. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
a graduated series of projections for moving said racks in one direction,
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane of
movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and means for moving said series of
wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement in one
direction, and operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
33. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
a graduated series of projections for moving said series of racks in one
direction, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the
plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and cams for moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during said movement
in one direction and operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
34. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks, a
graduated series of projections for moving said series of racks in one
direction, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the
plane of movement of said racks, carrying means between said wheels settable
thereby, a cam for moving said series of wheels into the plane of movement of
said racks during their movement in one direction, and a series of cams for
operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
35. In a calculator, the combination of the series of racks,
a graduated series of projections for moving said racks in one
direction, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the
plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, a cam for moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a rotary cam-shaft having a series of
helically-disposed cams for operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
36. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks, means
for reciprocating said racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels
normally out of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, a cam for moving said
wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a series of cams
for operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
37. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
means for reciprocating said racks, with
a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the
plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, a cam for moving said
wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a rotary cam-shaft having a series of
helically-disposed cams for operating said carrying means in succession
when said wheels are out of the plane of movement of said racks.
38. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
a graduated series of projections for moving said racks in one
direction, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the
plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, a rotary cam for moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a rotary cam-shaft having a series of
helically-disposed cams for operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
39. In a calculator, the combination of a series
of racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of
the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and means for moving said
racks in one direction, and moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction and operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
40. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of
racks, a graduated series of projections engaging with said racks for moving
them in one direction, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and means for moving said
graduated series of projections and moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction and operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
41. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out
of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, and means for reciprocating said racks
and moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction and operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
42. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out
of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means
between said wheels settable thereby, means for reciprocating said racks,
a cam for moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a series of cams for operating said carrying means
successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
43. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane of
movement of said racks, carrying means between said wheels settable thereby,
means for reciprocating said racks, a cam for moving said
series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their movement
in one direction, and a rotary cam-shaft with a helically-arranged
series of cams thereon for operating said carrying means successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
44. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks,
a graduated series of projections for moving said racks in one direction,
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane of
movement of said racks, carrying means between said wheels settable thereby,
means for reciprocating said series of projections
and rotating a cam for moving said series of wheels into the plane of movement
of said racks during their movement in one direction and rotating a
cam-shaft having a helically-arranged series of cams for operating
said carrying means successively when said wheels are not in the plane of said
racks.
45. In a calculator, the combination of a series of reciprocating
racks, a graduated series of projections controlling the movement of said
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanism between said wheels, and means
for moving said series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks
during their movement in one direction.
46. In a calculator, the combination of a series of reciprocating
racks, a graduated series of projections controlling the movement of said
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying means between said wheels, and means
for moving said series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks
during their movement in one direction and reciprocating said projections.
47. In a calculator, the combination of a series of reciprocating
racks, a graduated series of projections controlling the movement of said
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying means between said wheels, a rotary cam
for moving said series of wheels into the plane of movement of said racks
during their movement in one direction, and means for reciprocating
said projections.
48. In a calculator, the combination of the reciprocating rack,
a graduated series of projections controlling the movement of said
rack, with a registering gear-wheel normally out of the plane
of movement of said rack, and means for causing one of said projections
to register with said rack and to move it, and for moving said wheel into
the plane of movement of said rack during its movement in one direction.
49. In a calculator, the combination of the reciprocating rack,
a graduated series of projections controlling thereof,
with a registering gear-wheel normally out of the plane
of movement of said rack, means for causing one of said projections
to register with said rack and to move it, and a rotary cam for moving said
wheel into the plane of movement of said rack during its movement in one
direction.
50. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks
with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanisms between said wheels,
and a rotary handle and connections therewith for reciprocating said racks,
moving said gear-wheels into the plane of movement of said racks
during their movement in one direction, and actuating said carrying mechanisms
successively when said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said
racks.
51. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
racks with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanism between said wheels, a shaft
carrying a helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said
carrying mechanisms, and a rotary handle and connections therewith for
reciprocating said racks, moving said gear-wheels into the plane of
movement of said racks during their movement in one direction, and rotating
said shaft to actuate said carrying mechanisms successively when said
gear-wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
52. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanism between said wheels, a shaft
carrying a helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said
carrying mechanisms, a rotary handle and a link connecting it to a frame
for reciprocating said racks, a cam fast on said shaft and connections for
thereby moving said gear-wheels into the plane of
movement of said racks during their movement in one direction, and rotating
said shaft so that it shall actuate said carrying mechanisms successively when
said wheels are not in the plane of movement of said shaft.
53. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanisms between said wheels, a shaft
carrying a helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said
carrying mechanisms, a rotary handle, a frame for reciprocating said racks, a
link reciprocated by said rotary handle and connecting it to said frame, a
cam fast on said rotary handle and connections for thereby moving said
gear-wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during their
movement in one direction, and connections to said rotary handle for rotating
said shaft for actuating said carrying mechanisms successively when
said wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
54. In a calculator, the combination of the series of
racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane
of movement of said racks, carrying mechanisms between said wheels, a shaft
carrying a helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said
carrying mechanisms, a rotary handle upon a shaft, a frame for reciprocating
said racks, a pivoted lever rocked by said rotary handle, and a link for
connecting said frame and pivoted lever, a cam fast on said handle-shaft
and connections for thereby moving said gear-wheels into the plane of
movement of said racks during their movement in one direction, and connections
to said handle-shaft for rotating said first-named
shaft for actuating said carrying mechanisms successively
when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
55. In a calculator, the combination of the series of racks, with
a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane of movement
of said racks, carrying mechanisms between said wheels, a shaft
carrying a helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said
carrying mechanisms, a rotary handle rigid with a shaft, a sliding frame for
reciprocating said racks, a rock-shaft carrying an arm rocked by a disk
rotated by said handle, arms on said rock-shaft, and links connecting said arms
and frame, a cam fast on said handle-shaft and connections for thereby
moving said gear-wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during
their movement in one direction, and connections with said handle-shaft
for rotating said first-named shaft for actuating said carrying
mechanisms successively when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
56. In a calculator, the combination of a series of racks, with
a series of registering gear-wheels normally out of the plane of movement
of said racks, carrying mechanisms between said wheels, a shaft carrying a
helically-arranged series of cams co-operating with said carrying
mechanisms, a rotary handle rigid and a link connecting it to a frame for
reciprocating said racks, a disk rotated by said handle and having a
cam-groove, and a piece reciprocated thereby with connections for
moving said gear-wheels into the plane of movement of said racks during
their movement in one direction, and connections with said handle
for rotating said shaft and actuating said carrying mechanisms successively
when said gear-wheels are not in the plane of movement of said racks.
57. In a calculator, the combination of a receiver,
two series of numeral-wheels therein, with a series of racks co-operating
with one of said series of numeral-wheels, a series of controlling
devices arranged in pairs and representing in their structure the units
and tens of the products of the digits, and adjustable for determining the
movement of said racks, and means for registering upon the other series
of wheels the successive adjustments of said controlling devices.
58. In a calculator, the combination of the receiver,
two series of numeral-wheels therein, with controlling
mechanism representing in its structure the separate values of the units
and tens of the products of the digits, and adjustable to determine the
movements of said wheels, transmitting mechanism between said controlling
mechanism and one of said series of wheels for actuating said wheels
simultaneously, and similar mechanism between said controllers and the other
series of wheels to actuate said latter ones successively.
59. In a calculator, the combination of a receiver, two series of
numeral-wheels therein, with controlling mechanism representing in its
structure the separate values of the units and tens of the products of the
digits, and adjustable in one way to determine the multiplicand or divisor
and in another way to determine the figures of the multiplier or quotient,
and transmitting mechanism for transferring
the result of both adjustments to one series of wheels, and of the adjustments
for the multiplier or quotient to the other series of wheels.
60. In a calculator, the combination of a receiver, two series of
numeral-wheels therein, with controlling mechanism representing in its
structure the separate values of the units and tens of the products of the
digits, and adjustable in one way to determine the multiplicand or divisor
and in another way to determine the figures of the multiplier or quotient,
and transmitting mechanism, including a series of racks normally disconnected
from said wheels, for transferring the results of both adjustments to one
series of wheels, and of the adjustments for the multiplier or quotient to the
other series of wheels by connecting, by the movement of said receiver, said
wheels and said racks during the movement of said racks in one direction.
61. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage,
a series of register-wheels mounted therein, with carrying mechanisms
interposed between said wheels and settable thereby, register-operating
means for said wheels disengageable therefrom, and means for actuating said
carrying mechanisms successively when wheels are disengaged from said
register-operating means.
62. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage,
a series of register-wheels mounted therein, with carrying mechanisms
interposed between said wheels settable thereby, register-operating
means for said wheels disengageable therefrom, relatively-fixed means for
actuating said carrying mechanisms successively, and means for moving said
carriage from engagement with said register-operating means to said
carrying-operating means.
63. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage,
a series of register-wheels mounted therein, carrying mechanisms
interposed between said wheels and settable thereby, with
register-operating means normally disengaged from said wheels,
relatively-fixed means for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively, and means for reciprocating said carriage to engage first with
the register-operating mechanism and
then with the carrying-operating means.
64. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage, a
series of register-wheels mounted therein, carrying mechanisms interposed
between said wheels and settable thereby, with register-operating
means normally disengaged from said wheels, a rotary shaft carrying a
helically-disposed series of cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively, and means for reciprocating said carriage to engage first with
said register-operating means and then with the cams on said shaft.
65. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage, a
series of register-wheels mounted therein, carrying mechanisms interposed
between said wheels and settable thereby, with register-operating means
normally disengaged from said wheels, a rotary shaft carrying a
helically-disposed series of cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively, and a rotary handle and connections for reciprocating said
carriage to engage first with said register-operating means and then
with the cams on said shaft.
66. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage, a
series of register-wheels mounted therein, carrying mechanisms interposed
between said wheels and settable thereby, with register-operating means
normally disengaged from said wheels, relatively-fixed means for operating
said carrying mechanisms successively, and a rotary handle and cams operated
thereby for reciprocating said carriage to engage first with the
register-operating means and then with the carrying-operating
means.
67. In a calculator, the combination of a movable carriage, a
series of register-wheels mounted therein, carrying mechanisms interposed
between said wheels and settable thereby, with register-operating means
normally disengaged from said wheels, a rotary shaft carrying a
helically-disposed series of cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively, and a rotary handle and connections for reciprocating said
carriage to engage first with said register-operating mechanism and then
with the cams on said shaft and rotating said cam-shaft.
68. In a carrying mechanism, the combination of a
series of register-wheels, with a series of reciprocating shafts
co-operating therewith, means for adjusting any shaft of said series when
its primary co-operating wheel passes from 9 to 0, teeth on said shaft
for co-operating with its secondary register-wheel to advance it one
step, and means for operating successively the teeth on any of said shafts
that may have been adjusted, substantially as described.
69. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
register-wheels upon shafts, pinions fixed on each said shafts, with a
series of reciprocating shafts co-operating therewith parallel to said first
series, means for adjusting any shaft of said series when its primary
co-operating wheel passes from 9 to 0, teeth on said reciprocating shafts
for co-operating with the pinion on its secondary register-wheel shaft to
advance it one space, and means for operating successively the teeth on any of
said reciprocating shafts that may have been adjusted, substantially as
described.
70. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
register-wheels upon shafts, pinions fixed upon each of said shafts, with a
series of reciprocating shafts co-operating therewith parallel to the first
series, means for adjusting any shaft of said series when its primary
co-operating wheel passes from 9 to 0, teeth on said reciprocating shafts
for co-operating with the pinion on its secondary register-wheel
shaft to advance it one space, and a helically-arranged series of cams
upon a shaft for operating successively the teeth on any of said reciprocating
shafts that may have been adjusted, substantially as described.
71. In a calculator, the combination of a series of shafts
carrying a register-wheel and a pinion fixed on each, with a series of
reciprocating shafts carrying means for co-operating with said pinions,
connections for adjusting any one of said reciprocating shafts when its
primary registering-wheel passes from 9 to 0, or vice versa, and a
helically-arranged series of cams upon a shaft for operating
successively the carrying means upon said reciprocating shafts that have
been adjusted, to advance their co-operating pinions one tooth.
72. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
reciprocating racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of said racks, carrying mechanisms interposed between said
wheels and settable thereby, a frame, a rotary disk,
connections between said frame and disk for reciprocating said racks,
means for moving said series of wheels into the plane of said racks,
and means for operating said carrying mechanisms successively when said
wheels are not in the plane of said racks.
73. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
reciprocating racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of said racks, carrying mechanisms interposed between said
wheels and settable thereby, a frame, a rotary disk, connections between said
frame and disk for reciprocating said racks by the rotation of the disk,
a cam for moving said series of wheels into the plane of said racks, a series
of helically-arranged cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks, and means
for operating said disk and cams.
74. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
reciprocating racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means interposed between
said wheels and settable thereby, a frame, a rotary disk, a link connecting
said disk and frame for reciprocating said racks by the rotation of said disk,
a cam for moving said series of wheels into the plane of said racks, a series
of helically-arranged cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
in succession when said wheels are out of the plane of said racks, and means
for operating said disk and cams.
75. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
reciprocating racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying means interposed between
said wheels and settable thereby, a frame, a rotary cam-disk, a link
operated by said cam and connected to said
frame for reciprocating said racks by the rotation of said disk,
a cam for moving said series of wheels into the plane of said racks,
a series of helically-disposed cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively when said wheels are not in the plane of said racks, and means
for operating said disk and cams.
76. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
reciprocating racks, with a series of registering gear-wheels normally
out of the plane of movement of said racks, carrying mechanisms interposed
between said wheels and settable thereby, a frame, a rotary cam-disk, a
rock-shaft carrying an arm reciprocated by said disk, a
link connecting said frame and rock-shaft for reciprocating said racks
by the rotation of said disk, a cam for moving said series of wheels into the
plane of said racks, a series of helically-disposed cams for operating
said carrying mechanisms successively when said wheels are out of the plane
of said racks, and means for operating said disk and cams.
77. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
registering gear-wheels, carrying mechanisms interposed between said
wheels and settable thereby, with a series of reciprocating racks co-operating
with said wheels during their movement in one direction, plural series of
projections varying in height, one series for each rack, means for determining
which projection in each series shall co-operate with its rack, and means for
reciprocating said projections to move the racks and for operating
said carrying mechanisms successively when said racks and wheels are not in
operative engagement.
78. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
registering gear-wheels, carrying mechanisms interposed between said
wheels and settable thereby, with a series of reciprocating racks co-operating
with said wheels during their movement in one direction, plural series of
projections varying in height, one series for each rack, means for determining
which projection in each series shall co-operate with its rack, means for
reciprocating said projections to move the racks, and means for operating
said carrying mechanisms successively when said racks and wheels are not in
operative engagement.
79. In a calculator, the combination of a series of
registering gear-wheels, carrying mechanisms interposed between said
wheels and settable thereby, with a series of reciprocating racks co-operating
with said wheels during their movement in one direction, plural series of
projections varying in height, one series for each rack, means for determining
which projection in each series shall co-operate with its rack, means for
reciprocating said projections to move the racks, and a shaft carrying a
helically-arranged series of cams for operating said carrying mechanisms
successively when said racks and wheels are not in operative engagement.
