Using the Internet (or an IP Network) from a MSDOS Machine
This discussion is directed to the Internet techie; if you are attempting
to set up an MSDOS machine for use on the Internet and do not have
the technical expertise, you may want to ask for a bit-head to help you.
You should also get the information from
TV Dog's DOS Internet Page -
it will be very valuable.
For purposes of this discussion, we will assume that you have a connection to
the Internet, and have
a packet driver
loaded. This packet driver could be
a PPP connection, a SLIP connection, or an Ethernet connection - or whatever
else you may have a packet driver for.
Having said that, this article is about using Internet tools on a MS-DOS machine.
For this discussion, these are the specifications for this MSDOS machine:
- 8086 CPU
- 720k 3.5" diskette drive
- No hard drive
- CGA monitor
- 640k memory
This means that many products are ruled out, because they cannot
run in this minimal of an environment. However, in one case, I have
just such an environment: a Zenith laptop. All of the tools detailed here
have run in this environment.
Why?
This started out mainly as an attempt to get my Zenith laptop with two
720k floppy drives onto a network. Having purchased a Xircom 10Base-2 Pocket Parallel Port Adapter last week, this attempt has kicked into high gear -
and succeeded. I also tried to put my 386SX-16 on the network, but that
machine is now nothing more than a motherboard as it got replaced by
a 486DX-66 (about all anyone needs in my opinion - but that's another story).
Putting my laptop onto a network provides it with that much more usefulness, and also allows it to have much more "disk space" than otherwise would be possible.
TCP/IP Stacks and Their Configurations
There are basically two methods of configuring your network
information. First is using environment variables to set all
of the TCP/IP information; the other is to set an environment
variable to point to the configuration file.
For this reason, one of the first things to do is to increase the
space allowed for environment variables. To do this, use
the SHELL command (found in your CONFIG.SYS file):
SHELL=A:\COMMAND.COM /E:1024 /P
WATTCP
WATTCP
(or Waterloo TCP) is configured through the
use of a configuration file (normally called WATTCP.CFG.
Set the environment variable WATTCP with the complete
pathname of the file, including filename, like so:
SET WATTCP=B:\WATTCP.CFG
Put this statement in a batch file.
Some of the data can be overridden by
using environment variables; in some cases,
this may be unavoidable (such as dynamic IP).
These variables are some that may be set:
- MYIP - your IP address
- REMIP - the IP address of your gateway
- NETMASK - your IP netmask
- PEERMRU - the largest PPP packet the gateway will accept
Many dialers will create a batch file to set these
for you.
CUTCP
CUTCP
(or Clarkson University TCP) is configured the same way as
WATTCP;
however, the environment
variable used is CONFIGTEL, and the normal filename
is CONFIG.TEL - like so:
SET CONFIGTEL=B:\CONFIG.TEL
Put this statement in a batch file.
Some of the data can be overridden by
using environment variables; in some cases,
this may be unavoidable (such as dynamic IP).
These variables are some that may be set:
- MYIP - your IP address
- REMIP - the IP address of your gateway
- NETMASK - your IP netmask
- PEERMRU - the largest PPP packet the gateway will accept
Many dialers will create a batch file to set these
for you.
Trumpet
Trumpet is a TCP/IP stack
distinct from the
WATTCP
stack; it was developed by the same people who
created (and became famous for) the Trumpet Winsock
for Windows. Trumpet relies on using environment
variables to set every detail - of which there are not
too many. These are some of the ones you may have to set:
- IP - your IP address
- GATEWAY - the IP address of your gateway
- DOMAIN - your domain name (leave blank if unknown or unused)
- DNS - the IP address of your name server
Network Applications
Pine (Gopher, News, Mail)
Pine is
a mail/news client which has been used on the UNIX scene in
recent years. There are versions for several operating systems.
Newer PC-based versions no longer support DOS or Win 3.11; however
the creator recommends looking at
older versions
in general and at
PC-Pine v3.91
(for use with packet drivers) in particular for DOS systems with 640K or less.
Arachne (FTP, Web, Telnet, Gopher, News, Mail)
Arachne is a nice
browser for DOS, requiring only 640K and a CGA/EGA/VGA/SVGA monitor.
Minuet (FTP, Web, Telnet, Gopher, News, Mail)
Minuet
is quite a fancy tool, and quite capable. The version I tried was labeled
as v1.0 Beta 18. It is a comprehensive tool, including ping, telnet, FTP, WWW,
news, and mail. It is very capable, and provides a nice interface.
However, it may require more space than 720k on disk; I have not yet tried
to put it on a 720k disk.
Lynx (World Wide Web)
Lynx v2.8
for DOS 386+ or Win32
is a text-based WWW browser, and
works very well.
Bobcat (World Wide Web)
Bobcat is a
derivative of
DOS-Lynx
(a text-based WWW browser based on
Lynx), and
works very well. However, it swaps
a lot, and this slows the application down - if you can put up with that,
it makes a nice WWW browser.
IRC (Internet Relay Chat)
IRC
is an IRC client (yes, named IRC). I have been unable to test it,
however.
QVT_TCP (Telnet, FTP, lpr, lpd, ftpd)
QVT_TCP
is a nice integrated tool, but seems somewhat bug-prone.
It provides Telnet, FTP, and lpr services (including lpd).
CU-TCP (Telnet, FTP, lpr, lpd, ftpd)
CUTCP
(or Clarkson University TCP) is a derivative of
NCSA Telnet, and it is very nice and worth using. It is similar
in some ways to QVT_TCP and provides the same functionality.
However, there are very few bugs, if any - it seems much more
stable.
XFS (Network File System)
XFS
is probably the best
unknown treasure I've found - a reliable NFS implementation - and freeware
to boot. To me, this program seems simpler and better than
Son of Stan's Server or the
other shareware and demoware available.
Proxies: A Special Case
To my knowledge, there is no support in any of these configurations
for proxy servers (or cache servers such as
Squid,
by definition). At home, I never
have been able to use these applications to go through my cache
server to the outside world. If you know otherwise, send me some email at
ddouthitt@usa.net and let me know.