Snake Oil Antidote
I have seen a number of treatments for CFS touted on e-mail groups which are best
termed 'miracle cures'. These treatments typically rely on anecdotal evidence
of efficacy, require the customer to subscribe to particular beliefs, and their
proponents resent and reject any criticism of the product. I have noticed a common
theme to these posts, arguments which show up repeatedly despite differences between
the products. I describe each sentiment or claim below, and my response to it.
"I am offering a treatment that works.
I know it works because it has worked for me and/or others."
- This is called 'anecdotal evidence',
that is, you are asked to rely on the word of the proponent that their treatment
is effective.
- One may wonder whether the opinion
of a proponent who produces the treatment is entirely objective when they
stand to make money from its sale - a clear conflict of interest.
- Conventional medical treatments such
as pain killers are tested with a number of scientific methods to establish
they're effective. An example is a double-blind test, which attempts to check
that any benefit from the product is not solely due to the placebo effect.
Scientists would also attempt to single out the active ingredient in a product
and demonstrate how it interacts beneficially with the body. These tests establish
a treatment is effective no matter what the opinion or belief of the observer.
As most of the world's regulatory bodies demand these tests be conducted before
a product is certified as safe and effective, it's not too much to ask if
the proffered product has been subjected to them.
"Anyone who wants to get better ought
to try my treatment. Not wanting to try my treatment indicates you don't want
to get better."
- This is a highly manipulative guilt
trip designed to twist the knife in one of the most common anxieties people
with chronic illnesses experience; namely, that their continuing illness might
be their own fault, and is caused by a lack of will power. Society places
a great deal of pressure on a sick person to recover, and naturally most are
happy to comply. However, those left with a chronic illness despite their
best wishes and hopes often feel guilty that they have not fulfilled everyone's
expectations by recovering. As author Kat Duff notes in The Alchemy of
Illness, "...the first commandment in illness is to get well. Sick people
are under tremendous pressure, from themselves and from others, to overcome
their ailments and return to life as usual in our fast-paced, production-oriented
world."
- CFS is a very individual illness,
and what may work for one person will not automatically do so for another.
Furthermore, people with CFS tend to have unexpected and sometimes severe
reactions to substances (such as foods, cleaning chemicals and medicines),
and caution is called for when trying a new and/or unknown product.
- A sick person has every right to
choose which treatments they try, and to ignore treatments that strike them
as spurious, costly or dangerous. It is pertinent to note manufacturers of
conventional treatments, such as the above example of pain killers, do not
make such spiteful claims in order to influence their potential customers.
"Science and scientists are too narrow-minded
to research or understand my treatment. There are lots of things science has
not and cannot explain and my treatment is one of those. Therefore, being outside
the realm of scientific understanding, my treatment ought not be criticised
by scientists or scientific methods."
- If a scientist researches anything,
and examines it with scientific methodology, it is in the scientific realm.
Science, after all, is a way of looking at the world, a way that tries to
establish objectivity and repeatability in its observations. The offered treatment
is obviously an element of the world and hence a reasonable subject for scientific
criticism.
- While an individual scientist may
be narrow-minded, science itself cannot be, in the same way as mathematics,
physics, or logic as disciplines can't have any one 'attitude'.
- It is true there are things science
cannot currently explain, because science is always turning to new discoveries
and theories in active development. If this wasn't the case, scientists everywhere
would be out of a job. However, this does not mean that science will never
be able to explain something currently inexplicable, or that the eventual
explanation will necessarily conflict with current scientific theory.
- Has the offered treatment been subject
to any scientific tests, or has the correspondent decided it is beyond the
capacity of scientific understanding independently?
- It is ludicrous to attempt to cut
off criticism of any kind by arrogantly disallowing it. Anything is open to
criticism, just as those criticised have the right to reply to that criticism.
After all, if the treatment is as effective as claimed, it will withstand
criticism.
"Science has been wrong in the past
and therefore cannot be trusted to be correct in this instance."
- Scientists would be the first to
admit that scientific theories have developed and changed over time. This
is how science moves ever closer to the truth, by testing old assumptions
and checking to see whether modern observations validate existing theories.
However, this means science is always the most correct and the most tested
it has ever been.
- It does not follow that because science
was wrong in one past instance it is likely to be wrong in this instance.
It is certainly no more likely to be wrong than blind faith.
"It is unscientific to criticise my
treatment because to do so is narrow-minded and doesn't show appropriate scientific
curiosity."
- Plenty of things are investigated
by science and found to be wrong, ineffective or unimportant. Being 'scientific'
does not merely involve curiosity, it also involves rational evaluation and
criticism. After all, theories shown to be correct withstand all the evaluation
and criticism in the world. Pure curiosity is only one element of the overall
scientific approach.
"I am only trying to help. Don't criticise
my treatment because it will make me feel bad physically and/or emotionally."
- Help and new suggestions are appreciated,
however our critical faculties are still present despite illness, and if something
strikes us as questionable we voice our opinion. While inflicting emotional
or physical harm is emphatically not the purpose of criticism, it is hardly
reasonable to say criticism is not allowed due to the correspondent's extreme
sensitivity. It may be just as emotionally and physically harmful for a sick
person to raise their hopes, spend money on this treatment, invest time and
energy in trying it, only to find it is ineffective.
- It is remarkable how many proponents
of 'miracle cures' take criticism of the product personally. It is as though
they cannot separate the treatment itself from their own feelings and beliefs.
This defensive response is easily as argumentative as any criticism may be.
"Any and all criticism is fueled by
jealousy, hatred or some similar negative emotion, rather than legitimate concern."
- Obviously, this may be true in individual
cases, but it is not fair to generally declare that criticism is evidence
of jealousy or hatred. This is a defensive, emotional claim that neatly avoids
any relevant response to the actual criticism.
I believe chronically ill people have
a right to accept or reject treatments offered to them, and that they do not
have an obligation to try anything, no matter how outlandish, just to prove
they want to recover. It angers me greatly that unscrupulous people will blithely
play on a sick person's fears and anxieties just to make money. The fact that
proponents of 'miracle cures' have to stoop to these manipulative and obfuscating
tactics says little for their ethics or the value of their products.
.
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