**Psychodynamic.
Freudian analysis is the most famous among the psychodynamic therapeutic approaches; it is also fading enormously in popularity as clients and therapists turn to more immediate and practical problem-solving techniques...almost always geared to the long term -- 10 or 20 years is not uncommon!...The analyst or psychiatrist will explain symptoms in terms of emotional damage sustained during your early stages of development. You'll spend a lot of time hasing and rehasing the past, and may analyze dreams in terms of their personal symbolism. The focus is on the unconscious...As you might guess, psychodynamic therapies have not been shown to be effective treatment for depression, mania, or the management of their symptoms.(p. 170)

** Humanistic Therapies.
Some of the therapeutic approaches that fall into this category are Gestalt, existential, client-centered, and interpersonal therapy. All of these focus on your emotional growth and expressiveness, and strive toward evolving healthy patterns of communication.

** Problem-Solving Therapies.
Problem-solving therapeutic approaches -- such as cognitive-behavioral therapy -- offer the most effective nonmedical intervention for the management of depression and manic depression. Those therapies tend to be short-term and area always aimed at practical solutions to problems in the here-and-now. Your unconscious or subconscious motivations don't enter the picture at all, although gaining some insight into your thinking process is most important. The basic tenet of cognitive-behavioral psychology is that if you change the way you think, you can change the way you feel.(p.170)

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