‘Tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide yields of cigarettes’
TABLES FROM SURVEY 43 - January to December 1999
As determined by LGC (Teddington) Limited (formerly the Laboratory of the Government Chemist) for 244 brands available during the period.
Limitations of machine testing results
Health effects of smoking lower tar cigarettes
Table of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide for UK brands
On behalf of the Secretary of State for Health, the LGC (Teddington) Limited tests cigarettes to measure their average tar and nicotine yields and the accuracy of the statement of those yields on the packet. This is done for all brands of cigarettes marketed in the United Kingdom. The LGC also measures the yields of carbon monoxide (CO). Surveys have been made over each six-month period since 1972 but the system was altered from January 1995. Surveys now correspond to calendar years. These tables have been available to those who requested them from the Department of Health and the release of new tables is announced each year in the London Gazette. However, using the DH web site will make the information much more accessible to a wider audience.
The report of the Royal College of Physicians in 19711 recommended publication of the tar and nicotine yields of cigarettes and this was endorsed by the government’s own scientific advice in 1973. The advice was also to encourage those smokers who could not stop smoking to change to cigarettes with lower tar delivery because it was reasonable to assume that these would carry less risk of smoking related illnesses. The government in 1972 instituted regular surveys of tar and nicotine, later extended in 1981 to include carbon monoxide (CO). European directives now govern the upper limit of tar yield from cigarettes (see below).
Under regulations that came into force on 1st January 1992 (The Tobacco Products Labelling (Safety) Regulations 1991) enacting EU Directive 89/622/EEC, statements of the tar and nicotine yields were required to be displayed on packets and so the banding system was dropped. (Since 1985 cigarettes had been marked according to nominal tar yields in four bands: low, low to middle, middle and high. This superceded the five bands first introduced in 1975.) The yields were measured in accordance with International Standards Organisation test methods. Regulations, which came into force on 30th November 1992 (The Cigarettes (Maximum Tar Yield)(Safety) Regulations 1992) enacting EU Directive 90/239/EEC, imposed an upper limit of 15 mg/cig on tar yields. This limit was reduced to 12 mg/cig from 1 January 1998. The yields are measured by the industry and independently verified by LGC.
Smoke yields from cigarettes are measured according to a standard regime using smoking machines and do not reflect how individuals smoke. They were never intended to be the actual yields obtained by any one smoker, rather to enable brands to be ranked. Over the years, there have been dramatic decreases in the machine-measured tar and nicotine yields of cigarettes. Yields for carbon monoxide (CO), introduced in 1981, have fallen less dramatically. In 1972 tar yields for UK cigarettes ranged from 4-38mg/cigarette. They now range from 1 to 12mg per cigarette (with a testing tolerance of ±15% or 1mg, whichever is the greater). The limitations of machine testing were recognised from the start but as there has been better understanding of the effects of compensatory smoking (see below) concerns have increased. Interpretation of the figures provided requires caution. For example, it cannot be assumed that a 6mg tar cigarette can only deliver half the tar of a 12mg tar cigarette. Some of the concerns are discussed below.
A prime reason why most smokers continue to smoke cigarettes is to take in the amount of nicotine their body craves. During the 1970’s, the tobacco industry maintained that the level of nicotine in cigarettes had reached a point where smokers were trying to maintain their nicotine intake by methods of compensation (see below). This could compromise the government’s main recommendations - to reduce intake of toxic substances from cigarettes either by giving up, smoking fewer or reducing the tar yield.
No two smokers smoke a cigarette in the same way. Neither does a smoker smoking different brands of cigarettes. Subconsciously they may take longer, deeper puffs, leave shorter butts and may cover the tiny ventilation holes in the filter. This is known as compensation (or compensatory smoking). The yield measured from cigarettes tested by machines to a standard set of criteria (puff volume, puff interval, butt length) can only be compared with that set of conditions. A study2 showed that tar yields were most influenced by increasing puff frequency and volume. Other studies have shown that smokers changing to lower tar cigarettes may smoke more intensively and be exposed to almost as much tar as before because of “compensation”. Whilst some scientific studies show incomplete compensation of around 60-70%3,4, a recent report5 suggests that 100% compensation cannot be excluded.
Only prolonged smoking of low tar cigarettes can determine the extent to which the health risks are reduced. UK figures show that male lung cancer diagnoses have been falling since the early 1980’s which reflect the trend in smoking which has decreased for the last twenty years6. This may in part also be due to the lower tar cigarette. There could however be other explanations for part of the apparent health benefit. People who smoke the low tar cigarettes may be more health conscious. Smokers may have less general exposure to tobacco smoke (since places where smoking can occur are increasingly limited). They may be using a product with reduced carcinogens. (Modern manufacturing processes may have altered the carcinogenicity (cancer causing capacity) of the product.) Another possible explanation for the observed reduction in male lung cancer deaths may be the altered ratio between tar and nicotine in the lower tar cigarettes: the ratio between tar and nicotine has reduced as tar levels have come down and this means reduced exposure to tar and other harmful constituents of smoke7. There is no way of knowing how many people have continued to smoke rather than stop because they think the low tar cigarette is safer. A major difficulty in assessing how much health benefit may have resulted from the low tar cigarettes is the lack of information on actual exposures of tar many years ago before regular surveys were undertaken.
Unfortunately studies in the USA have not confirmed the reduction in male lung cancer deaths which we have seen in the UK. In the US the lung cancer death rate in men has levelled rather than declined since 19808 . Another growing concern relates to the type of tumour found in the lungs of smokers. A number of studies have found a change in the tumour type associated with smoking from squamous and small cell carcinomas in the upper airways to a relative and absolute increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma in the deeper areas of the lung, especially in younger men and women. One reason for this change in tumour type may reflect a change in smoking patterns to deeper and more frequent puffs increasing the exposure of the peripheral parts of the lung9,10,11 but other workers have suggested misdiagnosis of previous tumours12.
There is further concern that in analysing the findings of many studies, not enough attention was paid to the confounding effects of socio-economic status (SES). Those in the lower SES groups are known to have poorer health outcomes as well as generally smoking higher yielding products13,14.
Smoking is the major avoidable cause of premature death in the UK and accounts for a fifth of all UK deaths: an estimated 120,000 deaths per year5. A third of all our cancer deaths should not be happening: they are caused by smoking. Diseases caused by smoking include lung, bladder and throat cancer, cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks), chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
In the light of the above concerns the government is keeping the evidence on low tar cigarettes under review. The safest advice is: DON’T SMOKE. If you do smoke seek help from your doctor, pharmacist or other health professional on how best to stop. You can phone the NHS Smoking Helpline on 0800 169 0 169. Remember that half of all young adult smokers will still be smoking when they are 605, which shows just how difficult it is to break nicotine addiction.
About the ‘tar tables’
The data set out in the tables below were produced by LGC (Teddington) Ltd. The smoke yields reported were determined using International Standard procedures. Cigarettes were smoked (ISO 4387) using a Filtrona 20 channel linear smoking machine set to take a 35 ml puff, of 2 seconds duration, every minute. Filter cigarettes were smoked to a butt length of filter length +8mm or filter overwrap +3mm whichever was the greater. The minimum butt length, which applied to all cigarettes, was 23mm. The particulate matter from the smoke was collected on a Cambridge filter. Water and nicotine in the particulate matter were determined using ISO 10362-1 and ISO 10315 respectively. Tar yield was calculated (ISO 4387) by subtraction of the water and nicotine from the total particulate matter collected. Carbon monoxide yield in the vapour phase of the smoke was determined using ISO 8454.
All brands available during 1999 are included. For each brand the samples tested were collected over a 12-month period and represent production which was on retail sale in the UK. The sampling procedures used complied with ISO 8243. Up to 120 (minimum 100) cigarettes of each brand were smoked to obtain the yields in the tables. Tar yields of all cigarette brands tested are rounded to the nearest mg and the table is arranged in successive 1mg bands of tar yield, with brands listed in alphabetical order within each band. Corresponding nicotine yields rounded to the nearest 0.1mg are shown alongside, together with carbon monoxide yields rounded to the nearest 1mg.
Yields from any particular brand of cigarette may change gradually over successive surveys and in view of time lags in the completion and publication of each survey and in the distribution of cigarettes to retail outlets, the figures shown in the tables may not correspond with those on current purchases. An asterisk (*) indicates those brands which have not been fully tested by the LGC (Teddington) Limited during the survey period and therefore there are no carbon monoxide values given and the figures given for tar and nicotine yields are manufacturers' estimates. Those brands, which were discontinued during the survey period, follow the main table.
These tables provide a ranked order of yields as determined by machine smoking using internationally recognised standard test methods and conditions. As explained above individual smokers may take in varying amounts of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide depending on their smoking pattern.
Further information and copies of this or subsequent tables as they become available may be obtained from the Tobacco Policy Unit, Department of Health, Room 432 Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8UG.
References
1. Royal College of Physicians. ‘Smoking and Health Now’ (1971)
2. Darrall, KG ‘Smoking machine parameters and cigarette smoke yields.’ Sci Tot Env 74 263-278 (1988)
3. Frost, C et al ‘The tar reduction study: randomised trial of the effect of cigarette yield reduction on compensatory smoking.’ Thorax 50 1038-1043 (1995)
4. Woodward, M et al ‘Do smokers of lower tar cigarettes consume lower amounts of smoke components? Results from the Scottish Hearth Health Study.’ Br J Addict 87 921-928 (1992)
5. Royal College of Physicians. ‘Nicotine addiction in Britain’ (2000)
6. Cancer Incidence 1993 – 1996. ONS Health Statistics Quarterly. Winter 1999. A publication of the Government Statistical Service.
7. Swann, CA & Froggatt, P ‘The Tobacco Products Research Trust 1982-1996’ (1996)
8. Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph 8: ‘Changes in cigarette-related disease risk and their implications for prevention and control.’ National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (1997)
9. Charloux, A et al ‘The increasing incidence of lung adenocarcinoma: reality or artefact? A review of the epidemiology of lung adenocarcinoma.’ Int J Epid 26 14-23 (1997)
10.Thun, MJ et al ‘Cigarette smoking and changes in the histopathology of lung cancer.’ J Natl Cancer Inst 89 1580-1586 (1997)
11.Levi, FS et al ‘Lung carcinoma trends by histologic type in Vaud and Neuchatel, Switzerland, 1974-1994.’ Cancer 79 906-914 (1997)
12.Caldwell, CJ et al ‘Is the incidence of primary adenocarcinoma of the lung increasing?’ Virchows Arch 429 359-363 (1996)
13.Wilkinson, R ‘Unhealthy Societies: the afflictions of inequality’ London, Routledge (1996)
14.Jarvis, MJ & Wardle, J ‘Social patterning of health behaviours: the case of cigarette smoking.’ In Marmot, M & Wilkinson, R Eds. ‘Social determinants of health.’ pp 240-255. OUP (2000)
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
(SURVEY 43 JANUARY TO DECEMBER 1999) |
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
1 |
MAYFAIR ULTRA LIGHTS |
0.1 |
1 |
|
1 |
SILK CUT 100S ULTRA |
0.1 |
1 |
|
1 |
SILK CUT SUPER LOW KING SIZE |
0.1 |
1 |
|
1 |
SILK CUT ULTRA |
0.1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
LAMBERT & BUTLER ULTRA |
0.2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
JP SUPERKINGS ULTRA LIGHTS |
0.3 |
4 |
|
3 |
SILK CUT EXTRA MILD KING SIZE |
0.3 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
CAMEL ULTRA LIGHTS |
0.4 |
5 |
|
5 |
EMBASSY LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
6 |
|
5 |
HOUSE OF COMMONS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
5 |
|
5 |
LAMBERT & BUTLER LIGHTS |
0.5 |
6 |
|
5 |
LAMBERT & BUTLER MENTHOL |
0.5 |
6 |
|
5 |
MAYFAIR MENTHOL KING SIZE |
0.5 |
6 |
|
5 |
RICHMOND KING SIZE LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
5 |
RONSON LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.4 |
6 |
|
5 |
RONSON SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.5 |
6 |
|
5 |
SILK CUT 100S |
0.4 |
5 |
|
5 |
SILK CUT KING SIZE |
0.5 |
5 |
|
5 |
SOVEREIGN LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.4 |
6 |
|
5 |
WINFIELD LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.4 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
BENSON & HEDGES MELLOW BLEND KING SIZE |
0.5 |
7 |
|
6 |
DUNHILL LIGHTS |
0.5 |
6 |
|
6 |
JPS LIGHTS |
0.6 |
7 |
|
6 |
MADISON KING SIZE LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
MADISON SUPERKINGS LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
MARLBORO LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
7 |
|
6 |
MAXIM SUPERKINGS LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
RED BAND LIGHTS SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
ROTHMANS ROYALS LIGHTS 24S KING SIZE |
0.6 |
7 |
|
6 |
SELECT SUPERKINGS LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
SOLO LIGHTS KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
SPECIAL KING SIZE LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
SPECIAL SUPERKINGS LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.5 |
|
|
6 |
WINDSOR BLUE LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
6 |
|
6 |
WINDSOR BLUE SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.5 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
BERKELEY SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
8 |
|
7 |
CAMEL LIGHTS |
0.6 |
8 |
|
7 |
CARTIER VENDOME LIGHTS |
0.6 |
8 |
|
7 |
DAVIDOFF LIGHTS |
0.6 |
8 |
|
7 |
GAULOISES BLONDE LEGERES |
0.6 |
9 |
|
7 |
MARLBORO LIGHTS 100S |
0.6 |
8 |
|
7 |
PLAY LIFE KING SIZE |
0.6 |
9 |
|
7 |
RED BAND LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
9 |
|
7 |
SOLO SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.6 |
7 |
|
7 |
WEST LIGHTS KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.6 |
|
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
|
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
8 |
BALMORAL KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
BENINGTON KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
BENINGTON SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
BENSON & HEDGES SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
8 |
|
8 |
BERKELEY SUPERKINGS MENTHOL |
0.7 |
8 |
|
8 |
BUCKINGHAM LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
BUCKINGHAM SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
CHOICE LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
CHOICE SUPER LIGHTS 100'S |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
CONSULATE MENTHOL FRESH ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
CONWAY DELUXE MILD SPECIAL FILTER |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
CONWAY LIGHTS SUPERKINGS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
CRAVEN A SPECIAL MILD KING SIZE |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
DICKENS & GRANT LIGHTS SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
DICKENS & GRANT SUPERKINGS MENTHOL ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
DORCHESTER EXTRA MILD KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
DORCHESTER EXTRA MILD SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
DORCHESTER LUXURY MENTHOL KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
DORCHESTER LUXURY MENTHOL SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.7 |
|
|
8 |
EMBASSY MILD |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
HIGHFIELD KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
JP SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.8 |
8 |
|
8 |
KEY SUPER LIGHTS SUPERKINGS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
KINGS ROYAL FILTER LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
9 |
|
8 |
KINGSTON LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
KINGSTON SUPER LIGHTS |
0.6 |
9 |
|
8 |
LONDIS KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
LONDIS LUXURY LENGTH LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
LUCKY STRIKE LIGHTS ( * ) |
0.6 |
|
|
8 |
MAYFAIR LIGHTS |
0.6 |
10 |
|
8 |
PARK ROAD SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
PETER STUYVESANT 100S EXTRA LIGHTS |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
RAFFLES LIGHTS |
0.8 |
7 |
|
8 |
SKY KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
9 |
|
8 |
SUPREME LIGHTS SUPERKINGS |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
TRIUMPH KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
TRIUMPH SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
TRIUMPH SUPERKINGS MENTHOL |
0.7 |
9 |
|
8 |
UNITED KING SIZE |
0.6 |
9 |
|
8 |
VIRGINIA STAR DELUXE MILD 100'S |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
VIRGINIA STAR DELUXE MILD KING SIZE |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
VOGUE SUPERSLIMS 100S |
0.7 |
7 |
|
8 |
WARWICK LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.6 |
8 |
|
8 |
WARWICK SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
8 |
YORK KING SIZE MILD |
0.6 |
9 |
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
|
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
9 |
BALMORAL SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
9 |
BEAUMONT KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.7 |
11 |
|
9 |
BEAUMONT SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.8 |
11 |
|
9 |
FIVE KINGS KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.7 |
12 |
|
9 |
GAULOISES LEGERES FILTRE |
0.5 |
9 |
|
9 |
JP SUPERKINGS MENTHOL |
0.8 |
9 |
|
9 |
KINGS ROYAL FILTER SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
9 |
LAMBETH LIGHTS SUPERKINGS |
0.8 |
10 |
|
9 |
MARLBORO MEDIUM KING SIZE |
0.7 |
10 |
|
9 |
MORE MILD MENTHOL |
0.7 |
10 |
|
9 |
PRINCE LIGHTS |
0.8 |
10 |
|
9 |
SKY SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.8 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
DUNHILL INTERNATIONAL MENTHOL |
0.9 |
13 |
|
10 |
FIVE KINGS SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.8 |
11 |
|
10 |
GITANES CAPORAL FILTRE |
0.7 |
12 |
|
10 |
GITANES INTERNATIONALES |
0.7 |
11 |
|
10 |
MORE SPECIAL MILD |
0.8 |
10 |
|
10 |
ST MORITZ MENTHOL GOLD BAND |
0.9 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
BELVEDERE KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.8 |
|
|
11 |
BENSON & HEDGES SPECIAL FILTER |
0.9 |
13 |
|
11 |
BENSON & HEDGES SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
16 |
|
11 |
BERKELEY SUPERKINGS |
0.8 |
16 |
|
11 |
CARROLLS NUMBER 1 |
1.0 |
10 |
|
11 |
CRAVEN A KING SIZE |
0.9 |
11 |
|
11 |
DAVIDOFF MAGNUM |
1.3 |
13 |
|
11 |
DICKENS & GRANT SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
DORCHESTER SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
DUNHILL KING SIZE |
1.0 |
10 |
|
11 |
EMBASSY FILTER |
0.9 |
11 |
|
11 |
GAULOISES CAPORAL FILTRE |
0.6 |
14 |
|
11 |
GAULOISES DISQUE BLEU CAPORAL |
0.6 |
13 |
|
11 |
GOLD MARK KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
GOLD MARK SPECIALS 24S ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
GOLD MARK SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
HIGHFIELD KING SIZE |
0.8 |
13 |
|
11 |
KINGSMEN KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
11 |
KINGSMEN SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
13 |
|
11 |
KINGSTON KING SIZE FILTER KINGS |
0.8 |
11 |
|
11 |
LAMBETH KING SIZE |
0.8 |
13 |
|
11 |
MACE SUPERKINGS |
0.8 |
15 |
|
11 |
MADISON KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
MADISON SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
MAXIM KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
MAXIM SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
MAYFAIR KING SIZE |
0.8 |
14 |
|
11 |
NO3 KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
|
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
11 |
NO3 SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
OSCAR KING SIZE |
0.8 |
12 |
|
11 |
PARK ROAD KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
PARK ROAD SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
PENNY LANE SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.8 |
|
|
11 |
PRINCE OF BLENDS |
0.9 |
10 |
|
11 |
RED BAND KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
RED BAND SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
REGAL FILTER |
0.9 |
11 |
|
11 |
RONSON SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
15 |
|
11 |
ROTHMANS KING SIZE |
1.0 |
11 |
|
11 |
ROTHMANS ROYALS 120S |
0.9 |
10 |
|
11 |
ROTHMANS ROYALS 24S |
0.9 |
11 |
|
11 |
SILVER STRAND KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
SILVER STRAND SUPERKINGS 18S |
0.9 |
13 |
|
11 |
SOLO KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
11 |
SOLO SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
SOVEREIGN KING SIZE |
0.8 |
14 |
|
11 |
SPECIAL KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
STATE EXPRESS 555 FILTER KINGS |
1.0 |
12 |
|
11 |
STYLE KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
SUPREME KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
SUPREME SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
TRIUMPH KING SIZE FILTER |
0.8 |
12 |
|
11 |
WINDSOR BLUE KING SIZE |
0.8 |
13 |
|
11 |
WINDSOR BLUE SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
11 |
WINFIELD KING SIZE |
1.0 |
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
BENINGTON KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
BUCKINGHAM FILTER KINGS KING SIZE |
0.9 |
12 |
|
12 |
CHARLES HOUSE KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
12 |
CHARLES HOUSE SUPERKINGS ( * ) |
1.0 |
|
|
12 |
CHESS SUPERKINGS 18'S |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
CHESTERFIELD FILTER KING SIZE |
0.8 |
11 |
|
12 |
CHOICE KING SIZE |
1.0 |
12 |
|
12 |
CHOICE SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
CLUB KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
12 |
CONWAY 100'S |
1.0 |
14 |
|
12 |
CONWAY SPECIAL FILTER |
0.9 |
12 |
|
12 |
DAVIDOFF CLASSIC |
0.9 |
14 |
|
12 |
DORCHESTER KING SIZE ( * ) |
1.0 |
|
|
12 |
DUNHILL INTERNATIONAL FILTER DE LUXE |
1.1 |
12 |
|
12 |
EMBASSY NUMBER 1 KING SIZE |
1.0 |
15 |
|
12 |
FIRST SPECIALS 25 |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
GAULOISES BLONDES |
0.7 |
14 |
|
12 |
GAULOISES CAPORAL (P) |
0.6 |
10 |
|
12 |
GITANES CAPORAL (P) |
0.8 |
9 |
|
12 |
JOHN PLAYER SPECIAL KING SIZE |
1.0 |
15 |
|
12 |
JP SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
|
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
12 |
KEY KINGS |
0.9 |
12 |
|
12 |
KINGSMEN SPECIAL KING SIZE |
0.9 |
14 |
|
12 |
LAMBERT & BUTLER KING SIZE |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
LAMBETH FILTER VIRGINIA SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
12 |
LONDIS KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
LONDIS SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
16 |
|
12 |
LUCKY STRIKE FILTERS ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
12 |
MACE KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
12 |
MAJOR EXTRA SIZE |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
MARLBORO 100S |
0.9 |
11 |
|
12 |
MARLBORO KING SIZE |
0.9 |
12 |
|
12 |
OSCAR SUPERKINGS 100'S |
1.0 |
14 |
|
12 |
PARK DRIVE SPECIAL VIRGINIA (P) |
0.9 |
9 |
|
12 |
PETER STUYVESANT 100S FILTER |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
PICCADILLY FILTER DE LUXE |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
PLAYER'S MEDIUM NAVY CUT (P) |
0.9 |
8 |
|
12 |
RAFFLES |
1.1 |
14 |
|
12 |
RED BAND SPECIALS 24 |
0.9 |
15 |
|
12 |
REGAL KING SIZE |
1.0 |
15 |
|
12 |
RICHMOND KING SIZE ( * ) |
1.0 |
|
|
12 |
SELECT KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
SELECT SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
SENIOR SERVICE FINE VIRGINIA (P) |
1.0 |
8 |
|
12 |
SPECIAL SUPERKINGS 18S |
1.0 |
14 |
|
12 |
TRIUMPH SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
13 |
|
12 |
VIRGINIA STAR KING SIZE |
0.9 |
13 |
|
12 |
WARWICK KING SIZE |
0.9 |
12 |
|
12 |
WEST KING SIZE ( * ) |
0.9 |
|
|
12 |
WOODBINE VIRGINIA (P) |
0.8 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
BALMORAL KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
13 |
BALMORAL SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
BEAUMONT KING SIZE |
0.9 |
16 |
|
13 |
BEAUMONT SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
BENINGTON SUPERKINGS |
0.8 |
17 |
|
13 |
BUCKINGHAM SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
13 |
CAMEL FILTERS |
0.9 |
12 |
|
13 |
CAPSTAN NAVY CUT FULL STRENGTH (P) |
1.1 |
8 |
|
13 |
ELITE KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
13 |
ELITE SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
FIRST DE LUXE LENGTH 100'S |
1.1 |
15 |
|
13 |
FIRST KING SIZE |
1.0 |
13 |
|
13 |
FIVE KINGS 100S |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
FIVE KINGS KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
13 |
KEY SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
13 |
KINGS ROYAL FILTER 100S |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
KINGS ROYAL FILTER KING SIZE |
0.9 |
16 |
|
13 |
KINGSTON SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
13 |
MIDAS KING SIZE |
0.9 |
15 |
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
|
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
13 |
MIDAS SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
MORE |
1.0 |
20 |
|
13 |
MORE MENTHOL |
0.9 |
18 |
|
13 |
PICCADILLY NUMBER ONE (P) |
1.0 |
8 |
|
13 |
RONSON SPECIAL VIRGINIA KING SIZE |
0.9 |
16 |
|
13 |
SKY KING SIZE |
0.9 |
16 |
|
13 |
SKY SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
16 |
|
13 |
SWEET AFTON VIRGINIA (P) |
1.0 |
8 |
|
13 |
VIRGINIA STAR 100'S |
1.0 |
14 |
|
13 |
WARWICK SUPERKINGS 18'S |
1.0 |
14 |
|
13 |
YORK KING SIZE |
0.9 |
16 |
|
13 |
YORK SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
16 |
(P) indicates plain cigarettes: all other brands have filters.
(*) indicates brands not fully tested by LGC (Teddington) Ltd during the survey period. CO values not given and figures for tar and nicotine yields are manufacturer’s estimates.
NFDPM is tar yield calculated (ISO 4387) by subtraction of the water and nicotine from the total particulate matter collected
|
NFDPM |
BRAND NAME |
NICOTINE |
CO |
|
YIELD |
(Brands discontinued during the period January to December 1999) |
YIELD |
YIELD |
|
mg/cig |
|
mg/cig |
mg/cig |
|
1 |
YSL ULTRA LIGHTS LUXURY KING SIZE |
0.1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
DUNHILL ULTIMATE LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
ROTHMANS KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.4 |
6 |
|
|
YSL LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
BENSON & HEDGES LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.5 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
MERIT EXTRA MILD KING SIZE |
0.5 |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
CLUB LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.7 |
9 |
|
|
DUNHILL INTERNATIONAL MILD |
0.8 |
9 |
|
|
KEY LIGHTS KING SIZE |
0.7 |
9 |
|
|
METRO 100'S MILD |
0.7 |
9 |
|
|
OSCAR SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
CAMEL MEDIUM KING SIZE |
0.7 |
9 |
|
|
CRAVEN A MENTHOL KING SIZE |
0.8 |
8 |
|
|
DUNHILL SPECIAL RESERVE |
0.7 |
9 |
|
|
KNIGHTSBRIDGE SUPERKINGS LIGHTS |
0.7 |
10 |
|
|
STATESMAN KING SIZE LIGHTS |
0.8 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
FINES 120 SUPER LENGTH MENTHOL |
0.6 |
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
GITANES BLONDES FILTER KING SIZE |
0.9 |
11 |
|
|
METRO KINGS INTERNATIONAL |
0.9 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
KNIGHTSBRIDGE SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
|
METRO 100'S |
1.0 |
12 |
|
|
REGATTA KING SIZE |
0.8 |
14 |
|
|
REGATTA SUPERKINGS |
0.9 |
14 |
|
|
STATESMAN SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
|
TWENTIES VIRGINIA KING SIZE |
0.9 |
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
DUKES SUPERKINGS |
1.0 |
14 |
|
|
L&M FILTER KING SIZE |
0.9 |
14 |
|
|
LARK FILTER KING SIZE |
0.8 |
13 |
|
|
PETER STUYVESANT FILTER KING SIZE |
1.0 |
12 |
|
|
ROTHMANS INTERNATIONAL |
1.1 |
12 |
|
|
STATESMAN KING SIZE |
1.0 |
16 |
|
|
WINSTON KING SIZE |
1.1 |
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
CRAVEN A 100'S SUPERKINGS |
1.1 |
16 |
|
|
DUKES KING SIZE |
1.0 |
16 |
|
|
|
|
|