#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
string int2str( int i )
{
	char buff[12];
	sprintf( buff, "%d", i );
	return( string(buff) );
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
int str2int( string a )
{
	char tmp[12];
	strcpy( tmp, a.c_str() );
	return( atoi( tmp ) );
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
string strip( string w )
{
	int i, s1 = 0, s2;
	bool hit;
	string x;

	// empty string
	if( w.empty() == true ) return( w );

	// string filled with spaces
	for( i = 0; i < w.length(); i++ )
	{
		if( w[i] != ' ' )
		{
			//cout << "YES - " << w[i] << "<BR>";
			hit = true;
		}
	}
	if( hit == false ) return( string("") );

	x = " ";
	x += w;
	x += " ";
	hit = false;

	for( i = 0; i < x.length(); i++ )
	{
		//if( w[i] != ' ' ) s2 = i;
		//cout << "-->" << w[i] << "<--<br>";
		if( hit == false && x[i] != ' ' )
		{
			hit = true;
			s1 = i;
		}
		if( hit == true && x[i] != ' ' ) s2 = i;
	}

	//cout << s1 << endl << s2 << endl << w.substr(s1,(s2-s1)) << endl;*/
	//cout << s1 << "<br>" << s2 << "<br>";
	return( x.substr(s1,(s2-s1)+1) );
}