The Satellites of Saturn


Name Diameter(s)
(km)
Mean Distance
From Planet
(×103 km)
Rotational
Period
(days)
Orbital
Period
(days)
Orbital
Inclination
Orbital
Eccentricity
Albedo
(%)
Pan 20 133.583   0.5750     50
Atlas 37 × 34.4 × 27 137.670   0.6019 0.3° 0 80
Prometheus 148 × 100 × 68 139.353   0.6130 0.0024 50
Pandora 110 × 88 × 62 141.700   0.6285 0.0042 70
Epimetheus 138 × 110 × 110 151.422 0.6942 0.6942 0.34° 0.009 80
Janus 194 × 190 × 154 151.472 0.6945 0.6945 0.14° 0.007 90
Mimas 209 × 392 × 382 185.52 0.9424218 0.9424218 1.53° 0.0202 50
Enceladus 512 × 494 × 490 238.02 1.370218 1.370218 0.00° 0.0045 100
Tethys 1072 × 1056 × 1052 294.66 1.887802 1.887802 1.86° 0.000 90
Calypso 30 × 16 × 16 294.66   1.8878 ~0° ~0 100
Telesto 30 × 25 × 15 294.66   1.8878 ~0° ~0 100
Dione 1,120 377.40 2.736915 2.736915 0.02° 0.0022 70
Helene 36 × 32 × 30 377.40   2.7369 0.0° 0.005 70
Rhea 1,528 527.04 4.517500 4.517500 0.35° 0.0010 70
Titan 5,150 1,221.83   15.945421 0.33° 0.0292 22
Hyperion 370 × 280 × 226 1,481.1 Chaotic 21.276609 0.43° 0.1042 30
Iapetus 1,436 3,561.3 79.330183 79.330183 14.72° 0.0283 5 - 50
Phoebe 230 × 220 × 210 12,952 0.5 -550.48 175.3° 0.1633 6
19 10 - 50 ~15,000 ? ? ? ? ?
20 10 - 50 ~15,000 ? ? ? ? ?
21 10 - 50 ~15,000 ? ? ? ? ?
22 10 - 50 ~15,000 ? ? ? ? ?

Name
The satellites of Saturn have names associated with classical Greek mythology.

Diameter
Titan is one of the largest satellites in the Solar System. It is larger than the planet Mercury. Most of the other 17 satellites are irregularly shaped bodies; only three are over 1000km in diameter. Four new satelites have been discovered in October 2000. Little is known about them as yet.

Mean Distance From Planet
Some of the satellites of Saturn are bunched together. The inner ones are very close to the planet's ring system. Phoebe is more distant than the others. It is probably a captured asteroid.

Rotational and Orbital Periods
About half of Saturn's satellites rotate in the same period as they revolve around the planet. This is caused by the strong tidal forces exerted by the planet on the satellite. The outer satellites are less affected by tidal forces.

As seen from above the north pole of the Earth, most of the planets and satellites revolve in an anticlockwise direction. This is called Direct Rotation. Some satellites revolve in a clockwise sense. This is called Retrograde Rotation and is shown by the presence of a minus sign. Phoebe revolves in the retrograde direction.

Orbital Inclination
This is the angle of inclination of the satellite orbits compared to the planet's equatorial plane. Most of Saturn's satellites orbit very close to the planet's equator. The outer two satellites are the exceptions.

Orbital Eccentricity
The orbits of Saturns's satellites are nearly circular. The exceptions are Hyperion and Phoebe.

Albedo
This is the percentage of sunlight that is reflected by the satellites. Saturn's satellites tend to be very reflective. They are probably icy bodies.

Iapetus has one very dark side and one bright side; probably the result of a collision.


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