There are unlimited amounts of poker terms and vocabulary. This will give you the bare necessities of those terms, mainly the ones that we intend to use, or think we might use out of habit on this site.
Ante- A small bet that every player must put into the bet before the cards are dealt.
Boat- A full house.
Backdoor- Making a hand with the backdoor means that you chased, and needed the last couple of cards. If you had two hearts in your hand, and one came on the flop in Hold'em, and you won when the fourth and fifth hearts hit the turn and river, that would be a Backdoor Flush.
Button- The button is the person who is in the dealer position. This player usually has a button on it, meaning that the dealer will start dealing to the left of the button. This doesn't apply in homegames, where each person usually takes their turn dealing.
Cap- In most limit games, there is a maximum of three raises, or four bets per betting round. The person who puts the last raise in has 'capped it'.
Case- The final, unknown card of a rank. Example, you hold two jacks in texas hold'em and one comes on the flop. You know where three jacks are, and its likely that an opponent has the 'case jack' which is the only other jack.
Flop- The first community cards dealt in a hold'em game. The flop consists of three cards face up.
Gutshot/Inside Straight- These terms are used interchangeably. An inside or gutshot straight is when a player is drawing for a straight, which can be made by only one card. Example, you hold 'AK', and the flop comes down '10 J 3'. Since the queen is the only way to make a straight, it is considered a gutshot.
Kicker- A very important concept. If you hold KQ, and your opponent has KJ, and the flop shows a king, you each have one pair. Your kicker is your second card. In this case, your opponent has no choice but to lose money, because your Queen kicker is higher than his Jack kicker.
Muck- The muck is the pile of dead cards, collected by the dealer. When you fold, your hand goes into the muck.
Nuts- The nuts is the highest possible hand. If you have an ace high flush in Hold'em, and there is no pair on the board, you have the nuts.(assuming there is no straight flush out there :)
Outs- An out is a card that would make your hand complete, or give you a winning hand. If you are drawing, it is helpful to know how many outs you have. The more the merrier.
Rake- The portion of each pot taken by the house, or casino.
River- The final community card dealt in a hold'em game.
Set- If you hold a pocket pair, for example 33, and a 3 falls on the flop, you have a set. This is different from trips, which is three of a kind using two cards on the board.
String Bet- Most people don't know about string bets. Basically, if you want to raise, you either have to call out your raise, or put the proper amount of chips in the pot at once. When people say "I'll see your 50..", put the chips in, "and I'll raise you another 50", put these chips in; is a string bet, and is not allowed in poker.
Tilt- When a player loses control they go on 'tilt'. They make irrational decisions, unlike their usual play. This often happens after a player has suffered one or two bad beats.
Turn- The fourth community card dealt in Hold'em Games. This is after the flop, and before the river.
Under The Gun- The player who acts first after the big blind is consided to be 'under the gun'.
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