M-829A1 APFSDS (SABOT):

APFSDS - Armor-Piercing, Fin-Stabilized, Discarding-Sabot rounds penetrate armor using kinetic energy. The SABOT is like a dart, A long rod penetrator made of a dense metal - either tungsten or depleted uranium. The SABOT uses fins to stabilize in flight. When it was first developed, the scientists thought of making a round that will penetrate the armor, and explode inside. Later on, when it was tested, the scientists found out that the penetration itself does much more damage than the explosion of the round so the current SABOT doesn't explode after penetration, allowing it to reach a higher muzzle velocity (because it's lighter) and has no need for explosives. The SABOT is the ultimate short-range armor-piercing round.
It penetrates at 986mm (38.82 inches) at optimal range and striking angle.
It's muzzle velocity is 1700 meters per second, 6120000 kilometers per hour, 3825000 miles per hour.

M-830 HEAT:

HEAT - High Explosive, Anti-Tank rounds penetrate armor using a shaped charged warhead. The warhead consists of high explosive, surrounded by a conical metal liner. When the high explosive explodes, it crushes the shaped charged liner in on itself and creates a high velocity jet of metal through the axis of the cone towards the target. The jet goes through the armor and would probably destroy the target if penetrated. The HEAT is the main alternative for the SABOT, used at longer ranges where the sabot is less effective, or it can be used against infantry (it has high explosive after all) although it will be quite a waste.
It penetrates 475mm (18.7 inches) at optimal range and striking angle.
It's muzzle velocity is 1140 meters per second, 4104000 kilometers per hour, 2565000 miles per hour.

M-830A1 MPAT:

The Multi-Purpose Anti-Tank round is a variation of the HEAT round. This round has increased fragmentation but decreased penetration, making it more effective against infantry men. The MPAT has a dual mode fuse, which is set while loading. The fuse has 2 modes: Ground mode, which is the most useful, and air mode. The ground mode employs standard impact fuses while the air mode has proximity fuses.
It penetrates 300mm (11.81 inches) at optimal range and striking angle.
It's muzzle velocity is 1140 meters per second, 4104000 kilometers per hour, 2565000 miles per hour.

M-943 STAFF:

Smart Target-Activated Fire and Forget rounds are the most sophisticated rounds available for the M1A2. These rounds are the first generating of "smart" warheads for tank cannon. It uses a shaped-charge warhead with a greater standoff distance than the HEAT rounds. The STAFF has a radar seeker that seeks for a target in the round's line of flight. The radar helps the round to hit the center of the target, with impact from the top. This top-attack capability allows the STAFF to attack both partially and fully hidden targets.
It penetrates 203mm (11.81 inches) at optimal range and striking angle.
Its muzzle velocity is 1140 meters per second, 4104000 kilometers per hour, 2565000 miles per hour.
Attacks from the top of its target.

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