Japanese Army and Japanese government were not guilty because they protected
comfort women effectively. (Opposition to Professor Yoshiaki Yoshimi)
Professor Yoshimi insisted that Japanese Army and government were guilty because they protected comfort women effectively. He insisted that Japanese government must reparate former comfort women who were abducted and forced into prostitution by brothel's dealers.
His insistences are:
I) Former Japanese Army requested a lot of brothel's dealers to establish brothels for Japanese soldiers. Some brothels deceived and abducted women, and they were forced into prostitution while Japanese Army knew those facts.
II) Some brothels gathered a lot of girls under 21 years old as prostitutes. This violated "International Treaty About the Prohibition of Women and Children Trade"
siginified in 1925. Japanese Army knew this treaty.
III) Some comfort women were forced into prostitution by brothel's dealers. Some
of them could not go out, quit their jobs, go back to their countries, and refuse for customers freely. They were violently forced to serve Japanese soldiers and exploited by brothel's dealers while Japanese Army knew.
Japanese Army should have supervised and regulated these bad conducts of brothels' dealers, but they left the bad conducts of brothels. Japanese Army and government were not generous for comfort women. Japanese Army and Japanese government were guilty because they did not protect comfort women effectively.
Professor Yoshimi's insistences could not be supported.
I) Former Japanese Army requested a lot of brothel dealers to establish comfort houses. Why is Japanese government responsible for bad conducts of brothel dealers to comfort women? The Japanese Army and government did not leave bad conducts by brothels. Japanese Army and government supervised and regulated bad conducts by brothels effectively. Japanese Army were generous for comfort women. Even though the government supervised and regulated bad pimps by effective regulations, some of them must have slipped the regulations.
The ratio of women who were abducted, deceived, and forced into prostitutes in Japanese comfort houses' system was not proved to be more than other countries. Former comfort women's testimones are not reliable enough to prove the fact that most of them were abducted or deceived by bad pimps. 260 North Korean, 164 Korean, 162 Philippino, 100 Indonesian, 32 Taiwanese, 11 Chinese, and 8 Malaysian comfort women who insist they had been abducted and deceived.
A lot of comfort women existed before and during World War II. Professor
Kunihiko Hata insisted that there were totally 60,000-90,000 comfort women in Japanese Army. (According to Professor Hata, the number of Japanese Army soldiers at that time was about 3 millions. A bulletin published every ten days on the wartime - in the 21th Army's headquarter had 1,000 comfort women in the 21th Army, which had 30,000 soldiers. "Diary of Department of the Army" written by Setsuzou Kanehara, a troop of comfort women were imported at the rate of one comfort woman per 100 soldiers in April 1939. Moreover, "Hankou Comfort Station" (Seikichi Yamada's Japanese Army Surgeon Diary), the ratio of soldiers to comfort women was 150 to 1 in Hankou.
Professor Hata took the intermediate case of the 21th Army and Hankou station. He calculated the entire number of comfort women at the rate of 50 soldiers per 1 comfort woman. Hata calculated the entire number of comfort women including their discontinue, illness, death, and 1.0-1.5 shifts. Even if the government supervised and regulated bad pimps for deceiving and abducting most comfort women, the Japanese government was politically responsibe for them.
0.8% to 1.2% of comfort women were abducted, deceived, and forced into prostitutes. Considering a lot of former comfort women who were already dead or could not come out on various reasons, the ration is quite low. There were effective measures to prevent crimes, but perfect measures did not exist at all. Japanese Army and government generally supervised and regulated bad conducts of brothels effectively.
22,000 Indonesian women insisted that they were comfort women who were abducted and deceived, but their testimonies are not very reliable. Takagi, a Japanese lawyer in charge of Korean former comfort women's lawsuit, advertised former comfort women who were abducted and deceived could be compensated and could be paid 2,000,000 yen (average Indonesian women's income for forty years in Indonesia) by the current Japanese government on the local newspaper in 1995.
Nobody insisted that they abducted and deceived at all before he appeared in Indonesia.
Indonesian government announced to ask people by personal and organizational interests. Takagi confessed that the number of comfort women who were abducted
and deceived included the former Japanese soldiers' lovers and victims of rape. He corrected his statements there, then about only 100 women who were comfort women abducted and deceived appeared.)
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